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BENTUK AKAR (1)
Oleh : Pudyasih Rakhmawati, S.Pd.
Hi!
Hello!
SMP NEGERI 3 KEBASEN
Beberapa soal bentuk akar yang nantinya akan kalian
temui ketika kalian naik ke jenjang SMA/SMK
Mengapa kita perlu belajar
bentuk akar?
3 2
5673
5
81 ×
3
27 𝑝5𝑞3
𝑝−2
Masih ingatkah kamu
dengan materi Pythagoras?
Wah, ternyata kamu sudah pernah
berkenalan ya dengan bentuk akar.
Aku adalah calon orang
sukses, dan aku akan
membuat orang-orang yang
kusayangi bahagia.
Apa yang dimaksud dengan bentuk akar ?
Bentuk akar merupakan semua bilangan yang memiliki simbol
akar. Seperti 3, 4, 5, 9,
3
4,
3
8 merupakan bentuk akar.
Cara Membaca Bentuk Akar
16 dibaca “akar kuadrat dari 16”
3
64 dibaca “akar pangkat tiga dari 64”
4
81 dibaca “akar pangkat empat dari 81”
Bentuk akar dibedakan menjadi bentuk akar
rasional dan irasional (surd).
Contoh Bentuk Akar Rasional
4 dan
3
8 merupakan bentuk akar rasional karena hasil akarnya
berupa bilangan bulat positif yaitu 4 = 2 dan
3
8 = 2
Contoh Bentuk Akar Irasional
5 dan 13 merupakan bentuk akar irasional karena hasil
akarnya bukan berupa bilangan bulat positif.
*(Jika kamu masih ragu, coba gunakanlah kalkulator dihapemu)*
Mendapatkan Akar Pangkat 𝑛 dari
Suatu Bilangan
Coba kalian ingat lagi ..
𝟐𝟐
= 𝟒 artinya 𝟒 = 𝟐
𝟓𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓 artinya 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟓
𝟏𝟎𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 artinya 𝟏𝟎𝟎 = 𝟏𝟎
𝟐𝟑 = 𝟖 artinya
𝟑
𝟖 = 𝟐
Apa hubungan pangkat bulat positif dan akar ?
Materi dasar di atas jangan
sampai dilupakan ya!
Apakah bisa mengubah bilangan
berpangkat pecahan menjadi bentuk akar?
Ya, Bisa!
Perhatikan cara
berikut!
Jika ada bilangan berpangkat pecahan
𝑎
𝑚
𝑛 maka bentuk akarnya adalah
𝑛
𝑎𝑚
Jadi, pembilang pada pangkat diletakan didalam akar, dan
penyebut pada pangkat diletakan diluar akar.
Contoh :
𝟐
𝟐
𝟑 =
𝟑
𝟐𝟐
𝟏𝟎
𝟑
𝟒 =
𝟒
𝟏𝟎𝟑
Yang harus kamu ketahui :
𝒂
𝒏
𝟐 jika diubah
dalam bentuk
akar cukup
dituliskan
dengan 𝒂𝒏
Contoh :
1. 𝟑
𝟏
𝟐 = 𝟑𝟏 = 𝟑
2. 𝟓
𝟑
𝟐 = 𝟓𝟑
3. 𝟏𝟕𝟓 = 𝟏𝟕
𝟓
𝟐
4. 𝟐𝟐 = 𝟐𝟐
𝟏
𝟐
Coba ubah bentuk pangkat berikut menjadi
bentuk akar atau sebaliknya
1. 7
3
5 = …
2. 12
1
5 = …
3. 31
5
3 = …
4. 11 = …
5.
3
82 = …
6.
5
534 = …
Penjumlahan
Perkalian
Pengurangan
Sifat-sifat Operasi Bentuk Akar
Pembagian
1. Sifat Operasi Penjumlahan
Bentuk Akar
𝑎 + 𝑎 = 2 𝑎
𝑏 𝑎 + 𝑐 𝑎 = (𝑏 + 𝑐) 𝑎
𝑏𝑛
𝑎 + 𝑐𝑛
𝑎 = (𝑏 + 𝑐)𝑛
𝑎
Contoh: 3 + 3 = 2 3
Contoh: 3 2 + 2 2 = 3 + 2 2 = 5 2
Contoh: 7
3
5 + 3
3
5 = 7 + 3
3
5
= 10
3
5
2. Sifat Operasi Pengurangan
Bentuk Akar
𝑏 𝑎 − 𝑐 𝑎 = (𝑏 − 𝑐) 𝑎
𝑏𝑛
𝑎 − 𝑐𝑛
𝑎 = (𝑏 − 𝑐)𝑛
𝑎
Contoh: 3 2 − 2 2 = 3 − 2 2 = 2
Contoh: 7
3
5 − 3
3
5 = 7 − 3
3
5 = 4
3
5
3. Sifat Operasi Perkalian Bentuk
Akar
𝑎𝑏 = 𝑎 × 𝑏
𝑛
𝑎𝑏 = 𝑛
𝑎 ×
𝑛
𝑏
𝑝 𝑎 × 𝑞 𝑏 = 𝑝𝑞 𝑎𝑏
Contoh: 2 × 4 = 2 × 4 = 2 × 2 = 2 2
Contoh:
3
16 =
3
2 × 8 =
3
2 ×
3
8 =
3
2 × 2
= 2
3
2
Contoh: 2 3 × 4 5 = (2 × 4) × ( 3 × 5)
= 2 × 4 × 3 × 5
= 8 15
𝑎 × 𝑎 = 𝑎 Contoh: 3 × 3 = 3
4. Sifat Operasi Pembagian Bentuk
Akar
𝑎
𝑏
=
𝑎
𝑏
𝑛 𝑎
𝑏
=
𝑛
𝑎
𝑛
𝑏
𝑝 𝑎
𝑞 𝑏
=
𝑝
𝑞
𝑎
𝑏
Contoh:
5
7
=
5
7
Contoh :
3 11
16
=
3
11
3
16
Contoh :
10 2
5 3
=
10
5
2
3
= 2
2
3
Beberapa Contoh Soal Bentuk Akar
Penyelesaian :
5 5 + 3 5 = 5 + 3 5
= 8 5
5 5 + 3 5 = …
Beberapa Contoh Soal Bentuk Akar
Penyelesaian :
2 11 × 3 7 = 2 × 3 11 × 7
= 6 77
2 11 × 3 7 = …
Beberapa Contoh Soal Bentuk Akar
Penyelesaian :
12
3
−
18
2
=
12
3
−
18
2
= 4 − 9
= 2 − 3
= −1
12
3
−
18
2
= …
Ayo Berlatih!
6 7 − 8 7 = …
5 3 + 10 3 − 9 3 = …
2 5 × 8 3 = …
4 18 ∶ 2 2 = …
12 10 × 3 3 ∶ 3 5 = …
Hello!
Terimakasih sudah belajar
dengan giat!

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Bentuk Akar Bagian 1

  • 1. BENTUK AKAR (1) Oleh : Pudyasih Rakhmawati, S.Pd. Hi! Hello! SMP NEGERI 3 KEBASEN
  • 2. Beberapa soal bentuk akar yang nantinya akan kalian temui ketika kalian naik ke jenjang SMA/SMK Mengapa kita perlu belajar bentuk akar? 3 2 5673 5 81 × 3 27 𝑝5𝑞3 𝑝−2
  • 3. Masih ingatkah kamu dengan materi Pythagoras? Wah, ternyata kamu sudah pernah berkenalan ya dengan bentuk akar.
  • 4. Aku adalah calon orang sukses, dan aku akan membuat orang-orang yang kusayangi bahagia.
  • 5. Apa yang dimaksud dengan bentuk akar ? Bentuk akar merupakan semua bilangan yang memiliki simbol akar. Seperti 3, 4, 5, 9, 3 4, 3 8 merupakan bentuk akar. Cara Membaca Bentuk Akar 16 dibaca “akar kuadrat dari 16” 3 64 dibaca “akar pangkat tiga dari 64” 4 81 dibaca “akar pangkat empat dari 81”
  • 6. Bentuk akar dibedakan menjadi bentuk akar rasional dan irasional (surd). Contoh Bentuk Akar Rasional 4 dan 3 8 merupakan bentuk akar rasional karena hasil akarnya berupa bilangan bulat positif yaitu 4 = 2 dan 3 8 = 2 Contoh Bentuk Akar Irasional 5 dan 13 merupakan bentuk akar irasional karena hasil akarnya bukan berupa bilangan bulat positif. *(Jika kamu masih ragu, coba gunakanlah kalkulator dihapemu)*
  • 7. Mendapatkan Akar Pangkat 𝑛 dari Suatu Bilangan
  • 8.
  • 9. Coba kalian ingat lagi .. 𝟐𝟐 = 𝟒 artinya 𝟒 = 𝟐 𝟓𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓 artinya 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 artinya 𝟏𝟎𝟎 = 𝟏𝟎 𝟐𝟑 = 𝟖 artinya 𝟑 𝟖 = 𝟐 Apa hubungan pangkat bulat positif dan akar ? Materi dasar di atas jangan sampai dilupakan ya!
  • 10. Apakah bisa mengubah bilangan berpangkat pecahan menjadi bentuk akar? Ya, Bisa! Perhatikan cara berikut! Jika ada bilangan berpangkat pecahan 𝑎 𝑚 𝑛 maka bentuk akarnya adalah 𝑛 𝑎𝑚 Jadi, pembilang pada pangkat diletakan didalam akar, dan penyebut pada pangkat diletakan diluar akar. Contoh : 𝟐 𝟐 𝟑 = 𝟑 𝟐𝟐 𝟏𝟎 𝟑 𝟒 = 𝟒 𝟏𝟎𝟑
  • 11. Yang harus kamu ketahui : 𝒂 𝒏 𝟐 jika diubah dalam bentuk akar cukup dituliskan dengan 𝒂𝒏 Contoh : 1. 𝟑 𝟏 𝟐 = 𝟑𝟏 = 𝟑 2. 𝟓 𝟑 𝟐 = 𝟓𝟑 3. 𝟏𝟕𝟓 = 𝟏𝟕 𝟓 𝟐 4. 𝟐𝟐 = 𝟐𝟐 𝟏 𝟐
  • 12. Coba ubah bentuk pangkat berikut menjadi bentuk akar atau sebaliknya 1. 7 3 5 = … 2. 12 1 5 = … 3. 31 5 3 = … 4. 11 = … 5. 3 82 = … 6. 5 534 = …
  • 14. 1. Sifat Operasi Penjumlahan Bentuk Akar 𝑎 + 𝑎 = 2 𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 + 𝑐 𝑎 = (𝑏 + 𝑐) 𝑎 𝑏𝑛 𝑎 + 𝑐𝑛 𝑎 = (𝑏 + 𝑐)𝑛 𝑎 Contoh: 3 + 3 = 2 3 Contoh: 3 2 + 2 2 = 3 + 2 2 = 5 2 Contoh: 7 3 5 + 3 3 5 = 7 + 3 3 5 = 10 3 5
  • 15. 2. Sifat Operasi Pengurangan Bentuk Akar 𝑏 𝑎 − 𝑐 𝑎 = (𝑏 − 𝑐) 𝑎 𝑏𝑛 𝑎 − 𝑐𝑛 𝑎 = (𝑏 − 𝑐)𝑛 𝑎 Contoh: 3 2 − 2 2 = 3 − 2 2 = 2 Contoh: 7 3 5 − 3 3 5 = 7 − 3 3 5 = 4 3 5
  • 16. 3. Sifat Operasi Perkalian Bentuk Akar 𝑎𝑏 = 𝑎 × 𝑏 𝑛 𝑎𝑏 = 𝑛 𝑎 × 𝑛 𝑏 𝑝 𝑎 × 𝑞 𝑏 = 𝑝𝑞 𝑎𝑏 Contoh: 2 × 4 = 2 × 4 = 2 × 2 = 2 2 Contoh: 3 16 = 3 2 × 8 = 3 2 × 3 8 = 3 2 × 2 = 2 3 2 Contoh: 2 3 × 4 5 = (2 × 4) × ( 3 × 5) = 2 × 4 × 3 × 5 = 8 15 𝑎 × 𝑎 = 𝑎 Contoh: 3 × 3 = 3
  • 17. 4. Sifat Operasi Pembagian Bentuk Akar 𝑎 𝑏 = 𝑎 𝑏 𝑛 𝑎 𝑏 = 𝑛 𝑎 𝑛 𝑏 𝑝 𝑎 𝑞 𝑏 = 𝑝 𝑞 𝑎 𝑏 Contoh: 5 7 = 5 7 Contoh : 3 11 16 = 3 11 3 16 Contoh : 10 2 5 3 = 10 5 2 3 = 2 2 3
  • 18. Beberapa Contoh Soal Bentuk Akar Penyelesaian : 5 5 + 3 5 = 5 + 3 5 = 8 5 5 5 + 3 5 = …
  • 19. Beberapa Contoh Soal Bentuk Akar Penyelesaian : 2 11 × 3 7 = 2 × 3 11 × 7 = 6 77 2 11 × 3 7 = …
  • 20. Beberapa Contoh Soal Bentuk Akar Penyelesaian : 12 3 − 18 2 = 12 3 − 18 2 = 4 − 9 = 2 − 3 = −1 12 3 − 18 2 = …
  • 21. Ayo Berlatih! 6 7 − 8 7 = … 5 3 + 10 3 − 9 3 = … 2 5 × 8 3 = … 4 18 ∶ 2 2 = … 12 10 × 3 3 ∶ 3 5 = …