This document provides instructions for adding and subtracting fractions and mixed numbers. It explains that when adding or subtracting fractions with like denominators, you add or subtract the numerators and keep the same denominator. For unlike denominators, you find a common denominator and then add or subtract the numerators. When adding or subtracting mixed numbers with like denominators, you add or subtract the whole numbers and fractions separately, keeping the denominator the same. For mixed numbers with unlike denominators, you add or subtract the whole numbers and fractions separately. Examples are provided to illustrate each of these steps.

1. Adding and Subtracting Fractions and Mixed Numbers By: Brianna Chandler

2. one 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 6 -

3. Fractions with Like Denominators add or subtract the numerators keep the same denominator

4. Ex. 5 7 2 7 3 7 = +

5. Try it: 3 + 1 = 4 = 4 ÷ 4 = 1 8 8 8 8 ÷ 4 2 7 - 3 = 4 = 4 ÷ 2 = 2 10 10 10 10 ÷ 2 5

6. Fractions with Unlike Denominators different denominators mean the one is divided into different numbers (and different sizes) of parts

7. Ex. -one 1 3 1 6 1 + 1 = 1 3 6 2

8. Try it: 5 - 2 = ? 6 3 1 6 6 - 2 = ? 10 5 1 5 use pattern blocks

9. Mixed Numbers with Like Denominators add or subtract whole numbers and fractions separately add or subtract the numerators use division to write the answer in simplest form

10. Ex. 5 8 1 1 5 8 1 1 8 2 + + + 1 1 2 1 8 6 8 1 1 1 3 6 8 3 5 8 1 8 6 8 3 4 1 2 3 3 + = =

11. Try it: 3 5 7 8 1 2 - 6 1 5 - 2 1 2 6 1 2 5

12. Mixed Numbers with Unlike Denominators add or subtract the whole numbers and fractions separately

13. Ex. 1 2 13 1 6 3 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 + 4 5 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 + 1 = 5 2 3 6

14. Try it: 2 3 4 8 6 10 1 6 1 4 4 7 - - 1 2 1 8 2 3

15. Remember: just add like normal with like denominators use pattern blocks to figure out answer with unlike denominators

16. Works Cited: Everyday Mathematics Student Reference Book © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.