The document outlines the foundation of special and inclusive education at St. John Paul II College of Davao, covering classroom policies, benefits, and challenges of inclusive education. Benefits include improved social skills, increased self-esteem, and a culture of acceptance, while challenges involve lack of trained teachers, large class sizes, and insufficient support for children with special needs. The document emphasizes the importance of collaboration among parents, teachers, and the community to ensure effective inclusive education.

1. Michaelson Jasper P. Duyan, LPT
FOUNDATION OF SPECIAL AND
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
(EDUC 103)
FOUNDATION OF SPECIAL AND
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
(EDUC 103)
ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO
ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO
ECOLAND DRIVE, MATINA, DAVAO CITY
ECOLAND DRIVE, MATINA, DAVAO CITY

2. BE PREPARED CELL PHONE POLICY
HOUSE RULES :
BE ON TIME
Be on class at least
10 minutes
before class.
All your things
must be prepared
before joining the class.
Kindly place your cell
phone on silent mode
or vibrate mode.
ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO
ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO

3. HOUSE RULES :
DRESS APPROPRIATELY RAISE YOUR HAND LISTEN ATTENTIVELY
Wear something
comfortable but
presentable.
Raise your hand
when you have questions
and/or clarifications.
Especially when the
Teacher is discussing.
ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO
ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO

4. ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO
ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO

5. BENEFITS & CHALLENGES OF
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
Lesson Outcomes:
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to analyze and
articulate the benefits and challenges of inclusive education,
demonstrating understanding through written reflection or
discussion.
EDUC 103

6. Benefits of Inclusion
EDUC 103

7. Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:
EDUC 103
HELP ALL STUDENTS REACH THEIR FULL POTENTIAL
CREATES A CULTURE OF ACCEPTANCE & UNDERSTANDING
BUILDS FRIENDSHIP AND BONDS BETWEEN CLASSMATES
PREPARES STUDENTS FOR LIFE AFTER SCHOOL
BENEFITS THE WHOLE SCHOOL COMMUNITY

8. Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:
EDUC 103
INCREASE SELF-ESTEEM AND CONFIDENCE AMONG STUDENTS
IMPROVES SOCIAL SKILLS AMONG STUDENTS
WELCOMES DIVERSITY WITHIN SCHOOLS
IMPROVES ACADEMIC OUTCOMES
HELP TO REDUCE BULLYING & HARASSMENT

9. Inclusive education benefits all
students by providing a learning
environment that meets each
student's individual needs.
Inclusive education allows all
students equal access to the
general education curriculum,
regardless of their abilities or
disabilities.
HELPS ALL STUDENTS REACH
THEIR FULL POTENTIAL
EDUC 103
Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:

10. Inclusive education seeks to
create a culture of acceptance and
understanding by bringing together
all students, regardless of ability,
in one learning environment. By
doing so, inclusive education helps
to break down the barriers that
often exist between students with
and without disabilities.
CREATES A CULTURE OF
ACCEPTANCE AND UNDERSTANDING
EDUC 103
Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:

11. Inclusive education helps
classmates bond and build friendships
with one another. By having all
students in the same classroom,
regardless of abilities, classmates
have the opportunity to get to know
each other better. They can learn
from one another, share experiences,
and make friends.
BUILDS FRIENDSHIPS AND BONDS
BETWEEN CLASSMATES
EDUC 103
Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:

12. Inclusive education prepares
students for life after school by
allowing them to learn in various
settings with different types of
learners. This prepares them for the
real world, where they will encounter
people from all walks of life. Inclusive
education also helps students learn
how to work together and respect
others' differences.
PREPARES STUDENTS FOR
LIFE AFTER SCHOOL
EDUC 103
Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:

13. This can create a more tolerant
and understanding environment.
When all students are included in the
classroom, social barriers are
broken down and a sense of
community is fostered. Inclusive
education also allows all students to
learn from each other and helps to
develop empathy and compassion.
BENEFITS THE WHOLE SCHOOL
COMMUNITY
EDUC 103
Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:

14. By providing a learning
environment that is welcoming and
supportive, inclusive education can
help all students feel noticed and
valued, regardless of their abilities
or differences. This can boost self-
confidence, as students come to see
themselves as capable and valuable
members of the community.
INCREASES SELF-ESTEEM AND
CONFIDENCE AMONG STUDENTS
EDUC 103
Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:

15. Inclusive education also allows for
more significant interaction between
students of different ability levels,
which helps to break down barriers
and misconceptions. As a result,
students in inclusive education
programs tend to have better social
skills than those who are not in
inclusive education programs.
IMPROVES SOCIAL SKILLS
AMONG STUDENTS
EDUC 103
Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:

16. Inclusive education allows all
students to feel accepted, respected,
and valued for who they are. This
education approach helps create a
more positive and inclusive school
climate, which is essential for promoting
social justice and ensuring that all
students have an opportunity to reach
their full potential.
WELCOMES DIVERSITY WITHIN
SCHOOLS
EDUC 103
Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:

17. Inclusive education allows all
students to feel accepted, respected,
and valued for who they are. This
education approach helps create a
more positive and inclusive school
climate, which is essential for
promoting social justice and ensuring
that all students have an opportunity
to reach their full potential.
WELCOMES DIVERSITY WITHIN
SCHOOLS
EDUC 103
Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:

18. This is because inclusive settings
provide students with a more diverse
learning experience, which allows
them to learn from and interact with
classmates who have different strengths
and weaknesses.
IMPROVES ACADEMIC
OUTCOMES
EDUC 103
Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:

19. By ensuring that all students feel
welcome and included in the school.
community, inclusive education can
help prevent bullying and harassment
from occurring. In addition, inclusive
education can also help to provide
support for students who have
been victims of bullying or
harassment.
HELPS TO REDUCE BULLYING
AND HARASSMENT
EDUC 103
Some of the Benefits of Inclusive Education are:

20. Concerns and Challenges
of
Inclusive Education
EDUC 103

21. CHARACTERISTICS OF INDIVIDUAL PUPILS
- In a diverse classroom all of the children sit together in a
classroom. Many students suffer from different disabilities. It
is very difficult to identify them in a diverse classroom.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

22. LACK OF ACCESS TO THE MAINSTREAM
- At present, only 4 to 5% of children with special needs out
of 30 million have access to education. Many schools do not
show a willingness to cater to the needs of these children.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

23. LACK OF AWARENESS AND NEGATIVE ATTITUDE
- The whole idea of inclusive education is defeated due to lack of
awareness, lack of positive attitude and sensitivity on the part of
teachers, classmates, parents and community and as a result these
children experience discrimination.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

24. LACK OF TRAINED TEACHERS
- Teachers lack competence and will to modify methodology
to serve the needs of children with special needs and other
children.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

25. LARGE CLASS SIZE
- There are normally 30 to 40 students in a class which makes
individualized attention very difficult. Teachers find it all the more
difficult to give individualized instruction to children with special
needs.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

26. LACK OF A CHILD-CENTERED AND RELEVANT CURRICULUM
- The curriculum lacks flexibility and does not provide
choice to these children. The teaching-learning material is
also not appropriate for children with and without special
needs.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

27. LACK OF PROPER INFRASTRUCTURE
- Children with special needs have various types of teaching and
learning aids. In India, most of the schools do not have proper
teaching and learning aids.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

28. LACK OF PARTICIPATORY ACTIVITIES
- The curriculum lacks flexibility and does not provide
choice to these children. The teaching-learning material is
also not appropriate for children with and without special
needs.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

29. INVOLVEMENT OF PARENT AND COMMUNITY
- As we know children with learning disabilities pose a lot of
challenges. The non-involvement of parents and the community
becomes a barrier.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

30. ACCOUNTABILITY
- The lack of accountability of teachers poses challenges in
inclusive education.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

31. PARTNERSHIP
- This is a partnership among parents, teachers, school and
community, and other stakeholders to make the program a
success. We found that this is missing.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

32. COLLABORATION OR CONSULTATION
- The collaboration between the different agencies of
education such as government, NGO, and community. We
found that there is a lack of collaboration between them.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

33. LACK OF SUPPORT
- Children with special needs require consistent, support from
parents and teachers to make satisfactory learning. We found that
there is a lack of support in some schools. There may even be
discrimination for those children with special needs.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

34. PEER REJECTION
- Peer rejection is one of the main barriers to inclusive
education. Peers generally try to bully and sometimes reject
them. They feel that these children are not a part. of them.
This is one of the major causes of drop out of school.
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

35. LABELING
- Labeling does not help because labeling children with special
needs means categorizing them according to disabilities which
makes them feel rejected
THE FOLLOWING ARE VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY
CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CWSN) IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION:
EDUC 103
Concerns and Challenges of Inclusive Education

36. The future is very bright indeed for children with
special needs despite the mounting challenges
and issues. Inclusive education and classrooms
are able not only to meet the requirements of LRE
for students with disabilities but also to benefit
regular education students as well. We observe
that with exposure, both parents and teachers
become more positive. Training and support
allow regular education teachers to implement
inclusive education with ease and success.
EDUC 103

37. Activity #3
EDUC 103
“SWOT ANALYSIS”

38. As a future teacher of early learners with special needs, what are your
strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats? Follow the format.
EDUC 103

39. EDUC 103
RUBRICS FOR ACTIVITY #2 (SWOT ANALYSIS)

40. QUESTIONS?

41. EDUC 103
REFERENCE:
Boholano, D. B., Tizza Marie , D. M., Dr. Bernard Evangelicom
, J. V., & Cortes, D. M. (2024). Inclusive Education in Early
Childhood Settings. 10B Boston Street, Brgy. Kaunlaran,
Cubao Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines 1111: LORIMAR
PUBLISHING INC.

42. THANK
YOU FOR
LISTENING
SPENE 100

43. Michaelson Jasper P. Duyan, LPT
Special education
(cate 200)
Special education
(cate 200)
ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO
ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO
ECOLAND DRIVE, MATINA, DAVAO CITY
ECOLAND DRIVE, MATINA, DAVAO CITY