Affixation is the process of adding an affix, either a prefix or suffix, to a root word to form a new word or change the meaning. There are different types of prefixes that can be added, including negative prefixes like un- and non-, prefixes denoting size like arch- and super-, prefixes indicating attitude like co- and anti-, and locative prefixes showing location like super- and sub-. Suffixation is the specific process of adding an affix to the end of a word, with examples given of improvement and authorship. Prefixation involves adding a prefix to the base or beginning of a word, as seen in co-author.

1. Affixation

2. – Adding one or more affixes to a root.
– Covers both prefixation and
suffixation.
– Most common use in English
language

3. What is Suffixation?
• An affix added to the end of a word
or stem, serving to form a new word
or functioning as an inflectional
ending.
For example:
improve + ment = improvement
(now, the word has different meaning)

4. What is Prefixation
adding a prefix to the base, with or
without a change of word
For example:
author – co-author
(the two words now have different
meanings)

5. Types of Prefixes
• Negative prefixes
Prefix meaning Example
UN- the opposite of, not unfair
NON- not non-smoker
IN-/IL-/IM-/IR- not insane
DIS- not dislike
A- lacking in amoral

6. Reversative/Privative
Prefixes

7. Prefixes of Degree/Size
Prefixes of degree/ size meaning examples
ARCH- highest, worst archduke
SUPER- more than better
supernatural
OUT- to do sth. faster, longer… outlive
SUR- over and above surtax
SUB- lower/less than substandard
OVER- too much overconfident
UNDER- too little
underprivileged
HYPER- extremely hypercritical
ULTRA- extremely, beyond ultra-modern
MINI- little mini-van

8. Prefixes of Attitude
Prefixes of attitude meaning examples
CO- with, joint cooperate
COUNTER- in opposition to counteract
ANTI- against anti-clockwise
PRO- on the side of pro-Common Market

9. Locative Prefixes
Locative prefixes Meaning Example
SUPER- over superstructure
SUB- beneath, lesser in rank subconscious
INTER- between, among international
TRANS- across, from one place
to another transplant

10. Other types of Prefixes
Prefixes of time/order meaning examples
FORE- before forknowledge
PRE- before pre-marital
POST- after post-war
EX- former ex-husband
RE- again, back re-evaluate
Number prefixes
UNI-, MONO one unilateral
BI-, DI-, two bilingual
TRI- three tripartite
MULTY-, POLY- many multi-racial

11. Affixation result of adding an
affix to a root word. It is an act or
process of adding whether an
affix or a suffix to change the
meaning of the word given.

12. Prepared by:
Jamaica Tinguha