This PPT covers basics of remote sensing which include definition, advantage and disadvantage of remote sensing, principles of remote sensing and its application. it is prepared by focusing the civil engineering application.

1. Basics of Remote
Sensing
What is Remote Sensing?
Remote sensing is a scientific method that uses sensors to collect data about
an object or area from a distance. This is done without making physical
contact with the object or area being studied. Scientists use this data to study
and understand features on the earth's surface, such as vegetation, water
bodies, and urban areas. Remote sensing has many applications, including
environmental monitoring, disaster response, and natural resource
management.
by Jignesh K Patel

2. Advantage and disadvantage of remote sensing
• Advantages:
• Provides a large coverage area of the earth's surface
• Can detect features that are otherwise hidden or difficult to observe
• Allows for the collection of data in hazardous or inaccessible areas
• Enables the monitoring of changes over time
• Disadvantages:
• Requires specific conditions, such as clear skies and suitable lighting, to obtain quality images
• Has limitations in the resolution of images, which can affect the accuracy of measurements and interpretation of
features
• May require specialized knowledge to interpret the data collected

4. The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Radio
The lowest frequency and longest
wavelength part of the spectrum, used in
radar and communication systems.
Infrared
Used in thermal imaging and detecting heat
signatures of objects and organisms.
Microwave
Used in some satellite-based remote sensing
systems, usually to measure ocean surface
and movement.
Visible Light
The part of the spectrum detectable by the
human eye. Used in many imaging
techniques.

5. The Principles of Remote Sensing
1 Interaction
The first principle of remote sensing, where energy from
the source interacts with the target.
2 Transmission
The second principle, where energy is transmitted from
the target to the sensor.
3 Detection
The third principle, where energy is detected by the
sensor, often in the form of electromagnetic radiation.
4 Analysis
The final principle, where data is analyzed to obtain
valuable information about the target and the
environment.

6. Types of Remote Sensing Systems
1
Active Systems
Send their own energy source to the target and measure the
reflected or scattered energy, usually using radar or lidar
systems.
2
Passive Systems
Measure the energy naturally emitted or reflected from the
target, usually using cameras or radiometers, and can sense
the visible light spectrum and beyond.
3
Ground-based Systems
Used for research or monitoring purposes, usually using
sensors installed on the ground or other fixed locations.

7. Environmental Monitoring
Remote sensing systems provide
valuable data about environmental
conditions such as forest fires or air
quality and support decision-making
processes.
Disaster Management
By providing real-time data and
monitoring of events like floods,
earthquakes, or wildfires, remote
sensing allows for better disaster
response.
Agriculture and Forestry
Remote sensing helps in mapping and
monitoring crops, forests, and
ecosystems, aiding in land use and
management planning, and decision-
making processes.
Urban Planning
Remote sensing can aid in urban
planning by providing data on land use,
transportation infrastructure, and
environmental factors that affect urban
areas.
Land Use Planning
Remote sensing technology can be used to
collect data about land use and land cover,
which is helpful for identify areas of urban
growth, sprawl, or decline. Remote sensing
can also be used to detect changes in land
use over time, which can inform land use
policies and zoning decisions.

8. Remote Sensing: In
Conclusion
From exploring the universe to monitoring our planet, remote sensing has
come a long way. As technology advances, we can expect even more
exciting and groundbreaking applications of this fascinating field.