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Basic Terms of
Solid Waste Management
Md. Salahuddin Shawon
B.Sc Agril. Engg.
Level : 03, Semester : 02
Session : 2014-2015
Sylhet Agricultural University
Outline
-Waste
-Sources of waste
-Classification/Types of waste
-Solid waste & its type
-Solid waste management
Introduction
We human depend on many things on our
environment to satisfy our widest needs. And in the
process of our development we generate a lot of
things which are generally no use to us and we simply
discard them. We also buy packet food, bottle drinks,
canned food etc. But what exactly we do after having
it. We just throw them as well as for the left vegetable
or food in the kitchen.
What is Waste ???
 Any object which are no longer any use
to us is called waste.
Why do we waste things ??
 It is no more useful
 Its unwanted
 Its defected
 Its old or worthless
Solid Waste
Solid waste are defined as all the discarded
solid material from municipal, industrial and
agricultural activities.
Any solid material which have reached its end
of life or discarded by the owner is solid
waste.
Types of solid waste
 Municipal solid waste
 Industrial waste
 Hazardous waste
 Construction & demolition
Consumer
Manufacturing
Raw Materials
Final
Disposal
Processing &
Recovery
Secondary
Manufacturing
Residual
debris
Residual waste
material
Fig: Generalized flow of materials & the generation of solid waste in society
Waste
materials
Waste
materials
Solid Waste Management
Solid waste management is the process of
treating solid waste and offers variety of
solutions for recycling items that don’t
belongs to trash.
It is about how garbage can be used as a
valuable resources.
Wastes can be managed by
1. Landfills
2. Incineration
3. Recovery/Recycling
4. Plasma gasification
5. Composting
6. Waste to energy
Landfills
 This process focuses attention on
burying the extravagance in land.
 Used to eliminate odors & dangers of
waste.
 Availability of land.
 Air & Water pollution increased.
Landfill includes
 A clay base
 A plastic liner
 Daily soil cover
 Top clay layer (applied when landfill is
full)
Landfill creates
 Methane gas
 A liquid called leachate
Incineration
 Burning of solid waste in high
temperature so as to convert them into
residue and gaseous products.
 It decreases solid prodigality to 20%-
30% of that’s original volume.
 Also known as thermal treatment.
 Produce air pollution.
 Toxic ash.
Recovery & Recycling
Resource recovery is the process of
taking useful discarded items for a
specific next use.
By this, waste convert into form of
useable heat, electricity or fuel.
Recycling is the process of converting
waste products into new products.
Plasma gasification
 Plasma is a highly ionized gas.
 Waste materials breaks the molecular
bond at a high temperature exceed
12600 degree F.
 This provide renewable energy source.
Composting
 Using soil microorganism to decompose
organic matter.
 Easy & natural bio-degradation process.
 Normally used organic farming.
 Especially useful for food waste,
basically at house level.
 Slow process requiring a lot of space.
Waste to energy
 This process involves converting of non-
recyclable waste items into useable
heat, electricity or fuel.
 It can also help to reduce carbon
emission by offsetting the need for
energy from fossil sources.
E-waste
 E-waste or electronic waste is a term of
electronic products that have become
unwanted, not working , obsolete &
reached the end of their useful life.
 It has been found that only a mobile phone
can pollute 40k gallon of water.
 E-waste contains arsenic, silica, mercury,
lead.
 70-80% recyclers exports e-waste
overseas.
Conclusion
 Any type of waste should exert at
minimum level.
 Disposal should be in specific areas.
 Waste management should be in
specific & regular manner.

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Basic terms of solid waste management

  • 1. Basic Terms of Solid Waste Management Md. Salahuddin Shawon B.Sc Agril. Engg. Level : 03, Semester : 02 Session : 2014-2015 Sylhet Agricultural University
  • 2. Outline -Waste -Sources of waste -Classification/Types of waste -Solid waste & its type -Solid waste management
  • 3. Introduction We human depend on many things on our environment to satisfy our widest needs. And in the process of our development we generate a lot of things which are generally no use to us and we simply discard them. We also buy packet food, bottle drinks, canned food etc. But what exactly we do after having it. We just throw them as well as for the left vegetable or food in the kitchen.
  • 4. What is Waste ???  Any object which are no longer any use to us is called waste.
  • 5. Why do we waste things ??  It is no more useful  Its unwanted  Its defected  Its old or worthless
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. Solid Waste Solid waste are defined as all the discarded solid material from municipal, industrial and agricultural activities. Any solid material which have reached its end of life or discarded by the owner is solid waste.
  • 18. Types of solid waste  Municipal solid waste  Industrial waste  Hazardous waste  Construction & demolition
  • 19. Consumer Manufacturing Raw Materials Final Disposal Processing & Recovery Secondary Manufacturing Residual debris Residual waste material Fig: Generalized flow of materials & the generation of solid waste in society Waste materials Waste materials
  • 20. Solid Waste Management Solid waste management is the process of treating solid waste and offers variety of solutions for recycling items that don’t belongs to trash. It is about how garbage can be used as a valuable resources.
  • 21. Wastes can be managed by 1. Landfills 2. Incineration 3. Recovery/Recycling 4. Plasma gasification 5. Composting 6. Waste to energy
  • 22. Landfills  This process focuses attention on burying the extravagance in land.  Used to eliminate odors & dangers of waste.  Availability of land.  Air & Water pollution increased.
  • 23. Landfill includes  A clay base  A plastic liner  Daily soil cover  Top clay layer (applied when landfill is full) Landfill creates  Methane gas  A liquid called leachate
  • 24. Incineration  Burning of solid waste in high temperature so as to convert them into residue and gaseous products.  It decreases solid prodigality to 20%- 30% of that’s original volume.  Also known as thermal treatment.  Produce air pollution.  Toxic ash.
  • 25. Recovery & Recycling Resource recovery is the process of taking useful discarded items for a specific next use. By this, waste convert into form of useable heat, electricity or fuel. Recycling is the process of converting waste products into new products.
  • 26. Plasma gasification  Plasma is a highly ionized gas.  Waste materials breaks the molecular bond at a high temperature exceed 12600 degree F.  This provide renewable energy source.
  • 27. Composting  Using soil microorganism to decompose organic matter.  Easy & natural bio-degradation process.  Normally used organic farming.  Especially useful for food waste, basically at house level.  Slow process requiring a lot of space.
  • 28. Waste to energy  This process involves converting of non- recyclable waste items into useable heat, electricity or fuel.  It can also help to reduce carbon emission by offsetting the need for energy from fossil sources.
  • 29. E-waste  E-waste or electronic waste is a term of electronic products that have become unwanted, not working , obsolete & reached the end of their useful life.  It has been found that only a mobile phone can pollute 40k gallon of water.  E-waste contains arsenic, silica, mercury, lead.  70-80% recyclers exports e-waste overseas.
  • 30. Conclusion  Any type of waste should exert at minimum level.  Disposal should be in specific areas.  Waste management should be in specific & regular manner.