B1 Topic 1 - classification (part 1 of 2): Edexcell GCSE Science -> Higher -> Core Science -> B1 -> Topic 1 -> Classification 1st in the B1 Topic 1 series - Contains everything you need to know from the specification* - Specially designed for triple and dual science GCSE - A good teaching tool - A good revision tool - Compliments the CGP revision books *From Edexcell GCSE Science from 2011 specification, suitable for 2014 & 2015 exams Contains detailed notes and questions that may come up in the exams. Please comment with your views or any questions that you may have.

1. B1TOPIC 1 -VARIATION
Classification (Part 1/2)
CVHS GCSE POWERPOINT SHARE

2. Classifying Organisms
Classification is organising living organisms into groups
All living things are classified into one of five kingdoms:
•Animals
•Plants
•Fungi
•Protoctists
•Prokaryotes

3. Kingdoms
Kingdoms
Cells
Chlorophyll
Cell Wall
Nucleus
Food
Example
Picture

4. Kingdoms
Kingdoms Plant
Cells Multicellular
Chlorophyll Yes
Cell Wall Yes
Nucleus Yes
Food Autotroph
Example Daffodil
Picture

5. Kingdoms
Kingdoms Plant Animal
Cells Multicellular Multicellular
Chlorophyll Yes No
Cell Wall Yes No
Nucleus Yes Yes
Food Autotroph Heterotroph
Example Daffodil Sheep
Picture

6. Kingdoms
Kingdoms Plant Animal fungus
Cells Multicellular Multicellular Multicellular
Chlorophyll Yes No No
Cell Wall Yes No Yes
Nucleus Yes Yes Yes
Food Autotroph Heterotroph Saprophyte
Example Daffodil Sheep Mushroom
Picture

7. Kingdoms
Kingdoms Plant Animal fungus Protoctist
Cells Multicellular Multicellular Multicellular Unicellular
Chlorophyll Yes No No -
Cell Wall Yes No Yes -
Nucleus Yes Yes Yes Yes
Food Autotroph Heterotroph Saprophyte -
Example Daffodil Sheep Mushroom Algae
Picture

8. Kingdoms
Kingdoms Plant Animal fungus Protoctist Prokaryote
Cells Multicellular Multicellular Multicellular Unicellular Unicellular
Chlorophyll Yes No No - -
Cell Wall Yes No Yes - -
Nucleus Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Food Autotroph Heterotroph Saprophyte - -
Example Daffodil Sheep Mushroom Algae Bacteria
Picture

9. Kingdoms
Kingdoms Plant Animal fungus Protoctist Prokaryote
Cells Multicellular Multicellular Multicellular Unicellular Unicellular
Chlorophyll Yes No No - -
Cell Wall Yes No Yes - -
Nucleus Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Food Autotroph Heterotroph Saprophyte - -
Example Daffodil Sheep Mushroom Algae Bacteria
Picture
Unfortunately, you must learn the highlighted areas on the grid...

10. Here’s a dancing penguin to cheer you up
He’s in the animal kingdom don’t you know

11. Subdivision
Kingdoms are subdivided into smaller and smaller groups
They are grouped depending on their common features

12. Subdivision
Kingdoms are subdivided into smaller and smaller groups
They are grouped depending on their common features
Here are the subdivision categories
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species
You can learn it this way:
• King Prawn Curry On Fat Guy’s Shirt

13. Here’s an aubergine to cheer you up
He’s in the plant kingdom don’t you know

14. Questions
What are the 5 kingdoms? (2)
Complete the table of sub-division categories for
classification (3)
Kingdom
_ _ y _ _ _
_ l _ _ _
o_ _ _ _
_ _ m _ l _
_ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _

15. Vertebra
Animals are divided into vertebrates and invertebrates
Vertebrates have:
• Backbone
• Internal Skeleton
Invertebrates have:
• No backbone or skeleton
• Sometimes an external skeleton

16. Animals
Vertebrates Invertebrates
Fish Amphibians Mammals Reptiles Birds
These are the 5 classes for vertebrates in the animal kingdom
Vertebra

17. Here’s a mushroom to cheer you up
She’s in the Fungus kingdom don’t you know

18. Vertebrate division
Vertebrates are classed based on 3 main things...
Absorbing Oxygen
• How does the organism absorb oxygen?
• Through lungs (birds), gills (fish) or skin (amphibians)

19. Vertebrate division
Vertebrates are classed based on 3 main things...
Absorbing Oxygen
• How does the organism absorb oxygen?
• Through lungs (birds), gills (fish) or skin (amphibians)
Reproduce
• How does the organism reproduce?
• Is fertilisation internal (mammals) or external (fish)
• Is the animal oviparous, lays eggs (reptiles) or viviparous, live young fed milk
by the mother (mammals)

20. Vertebrate division
Vertebrates are classed based on 3 main things...
Absorbing Oxygen
• How does the organism absorb oxygen?
• Through lungs (birds), gills (fish) or skin (amphibians)
Reproduce
• How does the organism reproduce?
• Is fertilisation internal (mammals) or external (fish)
• Is the animal oviparous, lays eggs (reptiles) or viviparous, live young fed milk
by the mother (mammals)
RegulatingTemperature
• How does the organism regulate it’s internal body temperature?
• Is the animal a homeotherm?
‣ Warm Blooded
‣ Temperature kept constant by homeostasis
‣ (Mammals)
• Is the animal a Poikilotherm?
‣ Cold blooded
‣ Temperature changes with environment
‣ (Reptiles)

21. Questions
Name the 3 things that are looked at when classing
vertebrates(3)
Compare poikilotherms with homeotherms (4)
Give three different ways that a vertebrate can absorb
oxygen (3)

22. The rules of classification were made up based on
organisms that were known at the time.
Sometimes newly discovered species don’t fit in the
categories.
Problems with the classification system

23. Problems with the classification system
The rules of classification were made up based on
organisms that were known at the time.
Sometimes newly discovered species don’t fit in the
categories.
The duck-billed platypus:
• Homeothermic
• Suckles it’s young
• Lays eggs?! WTF
• Mammals usually give birth to live young...

24. Problems with the classification system
The rules of classification were made up based on
organisms that were known at the time.
Sometimes newly discovered species don’t fit in the
categories.
The duck-billed platypus:
• Homeothermic
• Suckles it’s young
• Lays eggs?! WTF
• Mammals usually give birth to live young...
There is a debate on if viruses are living:
• Most scientists believe viruses aren’t living
• They can’t be put into any kingdom...

25. Questions
Describe some problems with the rules of
classification(3)
Give the five categories for vertebrates: Explain their
qualities and how they are classified (6)