This document discusses the key elements of disaster planning: hazard identification, vulnerability analysis, risk assessment, and response capacity. It defines these elements and explains their importance. Specifically, it notes that hazard identification involves identifying potential threats, vulnerability analysis predicts what could be damaged, risk assessment calculates potential losses, and assessing response capacity examines available resources. The document also provides examples of natural hazards, discusses how to conduct risk assessments and mapping, and evaluates disaster plans through drills and simulations. Overall, the document outlines the main components and process of disaster risk assessment and planning.

1. DISASTER RISK –HAZARD ASSESSMENT
AS PART OF
THE ELEMENTS IN DISASTER PLANNING

2. ELEMENTS OF DISASTER PLANNING include,
1. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION,
2. VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS AND
3. RISK ASSESSMENT
4. CAPACITY TO RESPOND
• These are the tree cornerstone methods of data
collection for disaster planning.
• Advance identification of potential problems is the
first step in effective disaster planning.

3. WHAT IS THE FORMULA FOR A DISASTER
RISK ASSESSMENT?
• DISASTER RISK ASSESSMENT = Natural Hazards X Vulnerability
Capacity of the Community
This formula is just symbolic representation of Epidemiological Statistics
approach to Disaster, you don’t need to compute it because values given to
hazards , vulnerability and capacity are changeable depending upon the
country.

4. What are Hazards?
• Condition/ situation that creates danger and potential
for disaster to occur. Like Natural Hazards.
• Natural hazards are phenomenon that may cause death,
damages to property, environment and socio -economic
condition
1. Biological hazards (toxic substances or microorganism
that may cause sickness and even epidemics)
2. Geologic hazards ( Solid ground count-earthquake,
volcanic eruptions, rock emissions, landslides, mudflows)
3. Hydro-meteorological hazards ( Typhoons,
thunderstorms, tornadoes, floods, drought)

5. 1. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
• Method by which planners identify events
that are most likely to affect a community and
serves as foundation for decision making for
prevention
• Includes all natural, technological and human
hazards.

6. Vulnerability
• A “state of being vulnerable- open to attack,
hurt, or injury”
• This explains how people and the differences
among them contribute to the situation or
context wherein they operate to live.

7. 2. VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS
Can provide predictions of what are likely to be
affected or be destroyed like people’s lives,
properties and structures !

8. Disaster Risk: Potential loss in lives, health status &
livelihoods. This can be assessed or mapped.
Risk can be categorized as either intensive or extensive.
Acute or Slow!
3. RISK ASSESSMENT
• Calculation of risk, in which comprehensive inventory
of all existing and potential dangers. It ALSO includes
the population most likely to be affected by each
danger, and a prediction of the health consequences.

9. RISK ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES
• 1. Conduct RISK ASSESSMENT SURVEY in your
community or around the school
• 2. Make RISK MAPPING in a long folder
depicting risk / potential hazards areas of your
community or around the school
(Eg. Poor lighting areas, congested areas, areas with
electric wirings or equipment, narrow lobby, garbage
disposal area, slippery lobby, narrow stairways, location of
fire extinguishers, route for evacuation, clinic areas, etc.)

10. DISASTER PREVENTIVE MEASURES
1. Prevention or removal of hazard
2. Removal of at-risk population from the hazard
3. Provision of public information and education
4. Establishment of early warning system
5. Alleviation of vulnerabilities
6. Reduction of risk posed by some hazards
7. Enhancement of a local community’s capacity to
respond

11. 4. CAPACITY TO RESPOND
Resource identification
• Community’s capacity to withstand a disaster
is directly related the type and scope of
resources available, adequate communication
systems, he structural integrity of its building
and utilities (H2O, electricity, etc) and he size
and sophistication of its system

12. • Resources include both human and physical
elements
• Include assembling list of health care facilities;
medical, nursing, and emergency responder
group; public worker and other civic
departments along with phone numbers and
key contact personnel for each
• Communication systems must be established
locally and regionally.

16. Evaluation of a Disaster Plan
• Evaluation of the disaster response plan for its
effectiveness and completeness by key
personnel involved in the response
• The comprehension to execute the plan and
their ability to perform duties must be
assessed.

17. Two basic ways to evaluate Disaster
Plan in school community
a. Disaster drills
This activity provides an excellent means of
testing plans for their completeness, efficiency and
effectiveness
b. Table-top
Academic exercises in classroom, mock patients
drama, computer simulations, video presentations,
training sessions focusing on roles of key personnel
before, during and after disaster response.