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Natural Hazards and Disasters.
• A natural hazard is an
  extreme event that
  threatens human life
  and property.
• It becomes a natural
  disaster when it has a
  serious effect on
  people, their property
  and their livelihood.
The impact of a hazard on a country depends on
the:
  Severity of the event
  Population density
  Knowledge and preparedness of the population
  Availability of predicting and forecasting
technology
DISASTERS THAT AFFECT THE
       CARIBBEAN
WHAT IS DISASTER
         MANAGEMENT?
Disaster management can be defined as the
organization and management of resources
and responsibilities for dealing with all
humanitarian aspects of emergencies, in
particular preparedness, response and
recovery in order to lessen the impact of
disasters.
The Disaster Management
        Process
                           Disaster
                           Impact

  Preparednes                                    Response
       s
                                 Post-Disaster



 Mitigation                                         Recovery

                  Pre-Disaster


              Prevention            Redevelopment
NATURAL DISASTER
              MANAGMENT
There are three categories of Natural Disaster Management:
• Preparedness - to ensure the highest level of physical
  preparedness, as well as the speed and effectiveness of
  the response when a disaster actually strikes
• Mitigation - to increase the protection of buildings and
  infrastructure facilities against disasters
• Post-disaster Response - to rehabilitate social and
  economic infrastructure and to ensure the earliest
  reinstatement of economic activity without prejudicing the
  highest professional standards
REGIONAL NATURAL DISASTER
     MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE
• 1989, the project was        • PCDPPP has also led to
  extended and it became         the creation of disaster
  Pan-Caribbean Disaster         preparedness offices in
  Preparedness and               several Caribbean
  Prevention Project             countries e.g. the Central
  (PCDPPP) to                    Emergency Relief
  accommodate the term           Organization in
  "prevention".                  Barbados, the National
• It was launched in             Emergency
  conjunction with different     Management Agency in
  American, Canadian and         Trinidad and Tobago
  European disaster relief       and the Office of
  organizations.                 Disaster Preparedness
                                 and Emergency
                                 Management in
                                 Jamaica.
CARIBBEAN DISASTER
    EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
            AGENCY
• In I991 the Heads of Government of CARICOM
  established a regional agency to coordinate
  disaster management activities thus the
  Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response
  Agency (CDERA) was formally established. In
  2009 CDERA became Caribbean Disaster
  Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA).
Its main objectives are to:
  Provide a coordinated emergency relief to
  any affected participating state.
  Provide reliable information to
  governmental organizations and NOGs
  and donors regarding the effects of a
  disaster.
  Mobilize and coordinate the supply and
  delivery of disaster relief to an affected
  country.
  Mitigate or eliminate the immediate
  consequences of natural disasters.
  Promote and establish sustainable disaster
  response capabilities among countries.
OFFICE OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
  AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
• The Office of Disaster Preparedness and
  Emergency Management is committed to
  taking positive measures to prevent or reduce
  the impact of hazards on Jamaica, on its
  people, natural and resources and economy.
• It achieves this through its trained and
  professional staff, by the use of appropriate
  technology and through collaborative efforts
  with national, regional and international
  agencies.
•   Hazard Mitigation Planning
•   Public Education and Training
•   Projects Development and Implementation
•   National Shelter Programme
•   Use of GIS (Geographical Information System)
THE HAZARD REDUCTION
              PROCESS
Reducing the impact of hazards includes a mix of
engineering and building design, land use planning,
and improving information to those providing relief.

Risk assessment is the study of the costs and
benefits of living in a particular environment. It
involves consideration of:
• The likely size and range of natural processes
  involved
• The extent of the impacts
• Ways in which the impacts can be reduced.
All countries in the Caribbean have adopted
the concept of disaster reduction through:
• Hazard mitigation
• Disaster management
• Establishing natural disaster agencies to
  cope with natural disasters.

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Disaster preparedness and hazard reduction processes

  • 1.
  • 2. Natural Hazards and Disasters. • A natural hazard is an extreme event that threatens human life and property. • It becomes a natural disaster when it has a serious effect on people, their property and their livelihood.
  • 3. The impact of a hazard on a country depends on the: Severity of the event Population density Knowledge and preparedness of the population Availability of predicting and forecasting technology
  • 4. DISASTERS THAT AFFECT THE CARIBBEAN
  • 5. WHAT IS DISASTER MANAGEMENT? Disaster management can be defined as the organization and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies, in particular preparedness, response and recovery in order to lessen the impact of disasters.
  • 6. The Disaster Management Process Disaster Impact Preparednes Response s Post-Disaster Mitigation Recovery Pre-Disaster Prevention Redevelopment
  • 7.
  • 8. NATURAL DISASTER MANAGMENT There are three categories of Natural Disaster Management: • Preparedness - to ensure the highest level of physical preparedness, as well as the speed and effectiveness of the response when a disaster actually strikes • Mitigation - to increase the protection of buildings and infrastructure facilities against disasters • Post-disaster Response - to rehabilitate social and economic infrastructure and to ensure the earliest reinstatement of economic activity without prejudicing the highest professional standards
  • 9. REGIONAL NATURAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE • 1989, the project was • PCDPPP has also led to extended and it became the creation of disaster Pan-Caribbean Disaster preparedness offices in Preparedness and several Caribbean Prevention Project countries e.g. the Central (PCDPPP) to Emergency Relief accommodate the term Organization in "prevention". Barbados, the National • It was launched in Emergency conjunction with different Management Agency in American, Canadian and Trinidad and Tobago European disaster relief and the Office of organizations. Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management in Jamaica.
  • 10. CARIBBEAN DISASTER EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY • In I991 the Heads of Government of CARICOM established a regional agency to coordinate disaster management activities thus the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency (CDERA) was formally established. In 2009 CDERA became Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA).
  • 11. Its main objectives are to: Provide a coordinated emergency relief to any affected participating state. Provide reliable information to governmental organizations and NOGs and donors regarding the effects of a disaster. Mobilize and coordinate the supply and delivery of disaster relief to an affected country. Mitigate or eliminate the immediate consequences of natural disasters. Promote and establish sustainable disaster response capabilities among countries.
  • 12. OFFICE OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT • The Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management is committed to taking positive measures to prevent or reduce the impact of hazards on Jamaica, on its people, natural and resources and economy. • It achieves this through its trained and professional staff, by the use of appropriate technology and through collaborative efforts with national, regional and international agencies.
  • 13. Hazard Mitigation Planning • Public Education and Training • Projects Development and Implementation • National Shelter Programme • Use of GIS (Geographical Information System)
  • 14. THE HAZARD REDUCTION PROCESS Reducing the impact of hazards includes a mix of engineering and building design, land use planning, and improving information to those providing relief. Risk assessment is the study of the costs and benefits of living in a particular environment. It involves consideration of: • The likely size and range of natural processes involved • The extent of the impacts • Ways in which the impacts can be reduced.
  • 15.
  • 16. All countries in the Caribbean have adopted the concept of disaster reduction through: • Hazard mitigation • Disaster management • Establishing natural disaster agencies to cope with natural disasters.