Hagia Sophia was originally built in 532-537 AD in Istanbul, Turkey as an Eastern Orthodox patriarchal cathedral. It was later converted to a mosque in 1453 after the Ottoman conquest and became a museum in 1935. Some key features include its massive dome supported by pendentives, 40 arched windows that flood the interior with light, and Byzantine-style mosaics depicting emperors and religious scenes. It was an architectural marvel that influenced buildings for centuries and is still one of the most significant surviving examples of Byzantine architecture.

1. By Zeynep Cancelik

2. Architecture

3. The Great Roman Empire

4. Art History

5. Istanbul

6. The Church of Holly Wisdom God

7. HAGIA SOPHIA “CHURCH OF THE HOLY WISDOM GOD”

8. Former church, later a mosque , now a museum in Istanbul, Turkey. THE TOUR IS ABOUT…

11. Emperor Justinian Desire to be ever lasting Year 532 Architects physicist Isidore of Miletus mathematician Anthemius of Tralles

12. Interesting Facts About the Construction Material from all over the empire; Hellenistic columns from the temple of Artemis large stones were brought from far-away quarries: porphyry from Egypt, green marble from Thessaly black stone from the Bosporus region yellow stone from Syria 10,000 people Interior height of 55.6 m Completed in 562.

13. Architecture 1 st masterpiece of Byzantine architecture Remained the largest cathedral for 1,000 years Architectural achievement of late antiquity Influenced; the Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and Muslim

14. The Groundplan

16. The Dome, exterior view

17. The Dome, interior view

18. Central Dome Dia: 31.24 m Height from floor level of 55.6 m Seems rendered weightless by the unbroken arcade of 40 arched windows

19. 56.5 m

20. Dome Supported by pendentives never been used before aesthetic quality circular base of a dome on a rectangular base allow the weight of the dome to flow downward.

21. Between them the dome seems to float upon four great arches.

22. Windows: help flood the colorful interior with light.

25. A Section Of The Architecture extended by half domes carried on smaller semi-domed a hierarchy of unexampled in antiquity

27. The largest columns 19 or 20 meters tall Dia:1.5 meters diameter Made out of granite Weighing well over 70 tons

28. One of the mighty stone columns with metal clasps

29. Imperial Gate

30. Marble Jar From Pergamon The Reign Of Sultan Murad 3 rd Originally from the Hellenistic period carved from a single block of marble.

31. 19th Century marker of the tomb of Enrico Dandolo, the Doge of Venice who commanded the Sack of Constantinople in 1204

32. Upper Gallery an area for the empress and her court. laid out in a horseshoe shape encloses the nave until the apse. Several mosaics are preserved

33. Interior view from the upper gallery

36. Loge of the Empress Located in centre of the upper gallery The empress and the court-ladies would watch the proceedings down below.

38. Decorations the interior decorations consisted of abstract designs of the marble slabs on the walls mosaics on the curving vaults. Crosses,angels, saints, patriarchs

39. Marble Door Used by the participants in synods Entered & left the meeting chamber through this door

40. Capital with monogramm

41. Mosaics Close-up view of a mosaic Mosaic cubes

42. Mosaics Depicted : Virgin Mother, Jesus, Saints, or emperors and empresses. Sack of Constantinople 1204 Latin Crusaders vandalization

45. The Virgin and Child 1 st post-iconoclastic mosaics.

47. " Peace be with you. I am the light of the world". Archangel Gabriel (founder of the church and Mother Mary. Express the timeless power bestowed by Christ on the Byzantine emperors.

48. Emperor Constantine: a model of the city "Great emperor Constantine of the Saints". Emperor Justinian I, offering a model of the Hagia Sophia. " Mētēr " and " Theou ", meaning "Mother of God".

49. Constantine IX Monomachus and Empress Zoe offering a purse/scroll, as symbol of the donation "Constantine, pious emperor in Christ the God, king of the Romans, Monomachus".

51. Conversion to the a Mosque Conquered in 1453 Strengthened with structural supports by the great Ottoman architect Sinan one of the world's first earthquake engineer

52. Names of Allah& Prophet Muhammed

53. Built a new Minaret

54. The Mihrab located in the apse where the altar used to stand, pointing towards Mecca

56. Loggia for a muezzin

57. A Minbar Decorated With Marble

58. Transformation into a kullive: a social complex added a medrese (Koranic school) a soup kitchen (for the poor) and a library a fountain for ritual ablutions ( Şadirvan)

59. Museum (1935) Mustafa Kemal Ataturk transformation The carpets were removed; The marble floor decorations reappeared The white plaster covering the mosaics removed by expert restorers.

60. 20th-century Restoration The interior of the dome BALANCE between Christian iconographic mosaics Islamic calligraphy

61. SINAN Süleymaniye Istanbul, 1550-1557

62. Resources Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagia_Sophia

63. Suggestions http://mosaicartsource.wordpress.com/category/mosaic/mosaic-resources/mosaic-travel/hagia-sophia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GILOelsqghg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_Mp6cxkCwo&feature=related