The document explains the concepts of planes and axes in human movement. It details three planes of movement: sagittal, frontal, and transverse, along with their functions and related movements. Additionally, it describes three axes of movement: frontal, sagittal, and vertical, highlighting their orientations and examples of movements associated with each.

1. AXIS AND PLANE
BY:- Abhishek Sahoo
Guided by :- dr. rituparna Mohanty

2. INTRODUCTION
 WHATISPLANE?
A plane is an imaginary flat surface along which a movement
takes place .
 WHATISAXIS?
An axis is a imaginary line about which movement takes
place .
 RELATIONSHIPOFAXISANDPLANE:-
An axis & plane perpendicular to each other .`

3. PLANE
PLANE:-
A plane is an imaginary flat surface along which a movement takes
place.
PLANES OF MOVEMENT:-
There are 3 planes of movement
I. Sagittal plane
II. Frontal plane
III. Transverse plane

4. PLANE
1. Sagittal plane:-
A sagittal plane is an anatomical plane which divides the
body into right and left parts.
It is also known as Longitudinal plane.
Flexion & extension types of movement occur in this plane .
E.g. Kicking a football ,walking, jumping.
 why is it called sagittal plane ?
oBecause it goes through or is parallel to the sagittal suture..

5. MOVEMENT OF THE SAGITTAL PLANE
 Biceps curl
 Squats
 Walking
 Running
 Climbing stairs
 Dorsi flexion
 Plantar flexion
 Flexion
 Extension

6. PLANE
2. Frontal plane:-
 It is a plane which divides the body into front
and back.
It is also known as coronal plane .
Movement along this plane jumping, raising and
lowering arms etc.
 why is it called coronal plane ?
o Because it goes through or is parallel to the
coronal suture.

7. MOVEMENT OF THE FROTAL PLANE
 Abduction
 Adduction
 Radial deviation
 Ulnar deviation
 Side flexion of trunk
 Side flexion of neck
 Inversion
 Eversion

8. PLANE
Transverse plane :-
The transverse plane is an anatomical plane
which passes through the middle of the body
and divides the body into horizontally in an
upper and lower half .
It is also known as horizontal plane.
 Rotation types of movement occurs in this
plane .

9. MOVEMENT OF THE TRANSVERSE PLANE
Supination
Pronation
Horizontal abduction
Horizontal adduction
Medial rotation
Lateral rotation

10. AXIS
 AXIS:-
An axis is a imaginary line about which movement takes place .
 Axes of movement:-
There are three axes of movement
I. Frontal axis
II. Sagittal axis
III. Vertical axis

11. AXIS
 Frontal axis :-
• This line runs from left to right through
the centre of the body.
• It is also known as X-axis or
mediolateral axis.
• It pears the sagittal plane .
For example, when a person
performs a somersault they rotate
around this axis.

12. AXIS
Sagittal axis:-
• This lines runs from front to back through
the centre of the body.
• It is also known as Z-axis or
anterioposterior axis.
• It pears the frontal plane.
For example, when a person
performs a cartwheel they are rotating
about the sagittal axis.

13. AXIS
Vertical axis:-
 This line runs from top to bottom
through the centre of the body.
 It is also known as Y-axis or Longitudinal
axis.
 It pears the transverse plane.
For example, when a skater
performs a spin they are rotating
around the vertical axis.