The document discusses several Indian low-cost airlines, including: - Simplifly Deccan, founded in 2003 as India's first low-cost airline known as Air Deccan. It offers very low fares starting from 500 rupees. - Kingfisher Airlines, owned by Vijay Mallya, operating domestic routes in India and offering unique services like personal assistance and meals. - Air India Express, a low-cost subsidiary of Air India operating services to the Middle East from bases in Mumbai and Cochin.

1. Submitted by : Hardik Parekh J5, FIAT, Ghatkopar. Aviation Assignment

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I give my hearty thanks to Neha ma’am our aviation instructor who helped me a lot in completing this project with perfection. I thank her for her help & guidance. She is very kind hearted. She helped us understand the subject very well. I am also thankful to my parents & friends for their co-operation. Last but not the least but I am also thankful to GOD for showing me the right path and being in my difficulty.

3. INTRODUCTION Mr. JRD TATA is know as the ‘ FATHER OF INDIAN CIVIL AVIATION’. On 8 th March 1948,AIR INDIA INTERNATIONAL was incorporated. 15 th June 1953 two CORPORATIONS- AIR INDIA INTERNATIONAL LIMITED & INDIAN AIRLINES CORPORATION came into formal existence. 1 st Aug 1953 the AIR CORPORATION ACT was passed by the parliament, whereby all airlines in INDIA were nationalised. Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata

4. P1a Unit 4 Task 1

5. L O W C O S T A I R L I N E S

6. Low-cost airline (also known as a no-frills, discount or budget carrier or airline) is an airline that generally has lower fares. To make up for revenue loss in decreased ticket sales, the airline may charge for extras like food, priority boarding, seat allocating, and baggage etc. Low-cost carrier business model practices include: A minimum set of optional equipment on the aircraft, further reducing costs of acquisition and maintenance, as well as keeping the weight of the aircraft lower and thus saving fuel. This airlines charge the passengers on First come First serve basis. First passenger will be given on low cost, & as the seats get occupied, the fare incereases No seats alloted while booking, Passengers if want their seats to be allocated at the time of booking, then have to pay extra, adding to the revenue of airline.

7. Encourage the use of direct flights. Luggage is not automatically transferred from one flight to another, even if both flights are with the same company. Passengers paying charges for extras, such as hold luggage, online check in and priority boarding Avoiding the use of arrowbridge to board and alight passengers by using a mobile stairway which is a cheaper alternative. Not supplying meals in a flight, but offering snacks, sandwiches and drinks instead to purchase on board

9. HISTORY Previously known as Air Deccan, Simplifly Deccan is India’s first low-cost airline. It was founded and operated by Deccan Aviation Ltd. by Captain Gopinath in 2003 with regular scheduled flights from Bangalore to Mangalore and Hubli. Simplifly Deccan sells air tickets for as low as 500/- even now, minus the taxes.

10. Deccan - In flight services Deccan offers two in flight services besides their regular services. They are: In flight Merchandise : Deccan has on offer, catalogued products on board supplied by AVA Merchandising. A varied range of world class personal, office and house-hold products are available for the guests at almost 50% of the market prices. Guests may purchase the same through credit card or cash. The product is then shipped to the address given by the Guest within 21 working days time by AVA Merchandising. In flight Catering : Deccan offers on sale, light snacks like sandwiches, croissants, brownies, chips and juices to the guests.

11. Destinations The main hubs of Deccan are the following airports – • Bangalore International Airport • Chennai International Airport Deccan covers 65 destinations within India. They are Srinagar, Leh, Jammu, Pathankot, Dharamshala, Kullu, Shimla, Amritsar, Chandigarh, Dehradun, Delhi, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Udaipur, Ahmedabad, Kandla, Jamnagar, Rajkot, Bhavnagar, Indore, Vadodara, Bholap, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Lucknow, Patna, Ranchi, Jamshedpur, Raipur, Nagpur, Aurangabad, Bhubaneshwar, Kolkata, Bagdogra, Agartala, Aizwal, Silchar, Imphal, Dimapur, Guwahati, Jorhat, Lilabari, Dibrugarh, Mumbai, Pune, Kolhapur, Belgaum, Goa, Hubli, Hyderabad, Tirupathi, Vidyanagar, Vijaywada, Rajamundary, Vizag, Managalore, Bangalore, Chennai, Calicut, Coimbatore, Trichy, Cochin, Madurai, Trivandrum, Tuticorin and Port Blair.

12. Kingfisher Airline is a private airline based in Bangalore, India. The airline is owned by Vijay Mallya of United Beverages Group. Kingfisher Airlines started its operations on May 9, 2005 with a fleet of 4 Airbus A320 aircrafts. The airline currently operates on domestic routes.

13. The destinations covered by Kingfisher Airlines are Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Goa, Chennai, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Cochin, Guwahati, Kolkata, Pune, Agartala, Dibrugarh, Mangalore and Jaipur. In a short span of time Kingfisher Airline has carved a niche for itself. The airline offers several unique services to its customers.

14. These include: personal valet at the airport to assist in baggage handling and boarding, exclusive lounges with private space, accompanied with refreshments and music at the airport, audio and video on-demand, with extra-wide personalised screens in the aircraft, sleeperette seats with extendable footrests, and three-course gourmet cuisine.

15. Special Care Kingfisher Airlines Ltd. is committed to providing a seamless travel experience to the guests who require special assistance. This commitment is clearly established by the fact that the personnel at various functional areas are well trained to handle the special needs. Special care is taken even while assigning a seat on board.Guests with special needs are assigned seats closer to the exits and lavatories so that they can board, use facilities and disembark in comfort. Unaccompanied Minor Senior Citizens Expectant Mothers & Infants Special Needs

16. Type of Aircraft In Services A330 5 A 321(Dual cabin) 6 A 321(Single cabin) 2 A 320 (Dual cabin) 10 A 320 (Single cabin) 13 A 319 3 ATR 72-500 25 ATR 42-500 2 TOTAL 66

17. Kingfisher Airlines' parent company United Breweries Group acquired a 26 percent stake in Air Deccan's parent company Deccan Aviation. "For the near future, Kingfisher will continue to serve the corporate and business travel segment, while Air Deccan will focus on serving the low-fare segment, but with improved financial prospects for both carriers," Kingfisher added. Speaking to reporters yesterday, UB Group head Vijay Mallya said there were no plans to launch an IPO "at this stage" and that UB Group would have no problem funding the acquisition. Current Scenario

18. AIR INDIA EXPRESS

19. Air-India Express ( एअर इंडिया एक्स्प्रेस ) is a low – cost airline subsidiary of Air India based in Mumbai, India. It operates services mainly to the Middle East. Its main base is Cochin International Airport, with a hub at Trivandrum International Airport. The airline is now part of the National Aviation Company of India Limited, which was formed in order to facilitate the seamless merger of Air India and Indian Airlines.

20. HISTORY Air India Express was established in May 2004 as a subsidiary of Air India under a new business strategy. Air India Express got the delivery of first aircraft Boeing 737 – 800 on February 22, 2005. The airline began operations on April 29, 2005 with inaugural flight from Thiruvananthapuram to Abu Dhabi.

21. Pitch width seating details Tourist Class: 29-30.0" 17.0" 189 seats

22. Destinations Andhra Pradesh Bangladesh Delhi Gujarat Jammu and Kashmir Karnataka Kerala Maharashtra Punjab (India) Rajasthan Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh West Bengal

24. JetLite, formerly Air Sahara, is an airline based in New Delhi, India. Controlled by Jet Airways, the airline operates scheduled services connecting metropolitan centres in India. The airline also provides helicopters which are available for charter services and aerial photography. Its main base is Indira Gandhi International Airport, New Delhi.

25. HISTORY The airline was established on 20 September 1991 Began operations on 3 December 1993 with two Boeing 737-200 aircraft as Sahara Airlines. Sahara Airlines was rebranded as Air Sahara on 2 October 2000, although Sahara Airlines remains the carrier's registered name. On 22 March 2004 it became an international carrier with the start of flights from Chennai to Colombo. It is part of the major Sahara India Pariwar business conglomerate.

26. Jetlite has been repositioned as a value carrier offering attractive low fares. It stopped offering complimentary food on board and now offers it for purchase separately. Jet Airways has withdrawn from many of its routes and has replaced it with Jetlite operations to compete with full service carriers operating on those sectors. Current scenario

27. Fleet Jet Lite's fleet consists of the following aircraft families as of February 2010: In-flight services JetLite offers a buy on board service called ByteLite , offering food for purchase. [ JetLite Fleet Aircraft In Service Orders Passengers (Business/Economy) Notes Boeing 737-700 7 – 144 (0/144) 149 (0/149) 136 (8/128) All 7 dry leased Boeing 737-800 7 9 186 (0/186) 6 dry leased Bombardier CRJ-200ER 5 – 50 (0/50) All 7 dry leased Total 19 9

29. SpiceJet is a low-cost airline based in New Delhi, India. It began service in May 2005 and by 2008, it was India's second-largest low-cost airline in terms of market share. SpiceJet was voted as the best low-cost airline in South Asia and Central Asia region by Skytrax in 2007. In August 2008, SpiceJet announced plans to raise US$100 million through foreign investment.

30. HISTORY SpiceJet was earlier known as Royal Airways, a reincarnation of ModiLuft. It is promoted by Ajay Singh, Sanjay Malhotra and the Kansagra family. SpiceJet marked its entry in service with Rs. 99 fares for the first 99 days, with 9,000 seats available at this rate. This deal was followed it up with a Rs. 999 promotional scheme on select routes.

32. Fleet SpiceJet has chosen a single-aircraft-type fleet, which allows for greater efficiency in maintenance, and supports the low-cost structure. SpiceJet has opted for the new-generation Boeing 737-800s with winglets and Boeing 737-900ER. These aircraft allow for safe, comfortable and efficient flying and are ideally suited for short to medium-haul flights in Indian conditions.

34. History Established in June 2004, the airline started its operations in October 2005. In July 2006, GoAir placed an order for 10 aircraft to Airbus. On January 24, 2007, GoAir and Florida based airline reservation system provider Radixx International jointly announced that the latter had taken over all reservations and passenger management functions.

35. GoAir offers flight services for 13 domestic destinations that include Ahmedabad, Bagdogra, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Cochin, Delhi, Goa, Guwahati, Indore, Jaipur, Jammu, Mumbai and Srinagar. Destinations In Flight Services GoAir offers travel in two classes, namely Economy Class and Business Class. Passengers travelling in Business Class are served meals on-board, while Economy Class travellers can purchase meals on-board. Mineral water is served complimentary to passengers travelling in both classes.

36. Aircraft In service Orders Options Passengers Notes Airbus A320-200 8 12 2 180 Dry leased Total 8 12 2

38. IndiGo is a private domestic low-cost airline based in Gurgaon, Haryana, India. It operates domestic services linking 17 destinations. Its main base is Delhi's Indira Gandhi International Airport. It was awarded the title of ‘Best Domestic Low Cost Carrier’ in India for 2008

39. History The airline commenced operations on 4 August 2006 with a service from Delhi to Imphal via Guwahati. The airline is owned by InterGlobe Enterprises and Mr. Rakesh Gangwal It took delivery of its first Airbus A320 aircraft on 28 July 2006 and received six aircraft during 2006. Nine more aircraft were delivered in 2007 taking the total to 15.

40. IndiGo, which is operated by InterGlobe Aviation Pvt. Ltd, has sought the civil aviation ministry’s approval to fly on international routes after it completes the mandatory five years of domestic operations in August next year. The carrier, wants to fly to countries in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), West Asia and China. “ As planning and implementation of international operations is a long-drawn process, IndiGo has commenced its preparations to enable international operations from 4 August (2011)".

41. Hyderabad Guwahati Dibrugarh Patna Delhi Vasco da Gama Ahmedabad Vadodara Jammu Srinagar Bangalore DESTINATIONS Cochin Mumbai Nagpur Pune Imphal Bhubaneswar Jaipur Chennai Agartala Lucknow Kolkata

42. Low cost airlines operate in both the long haul and short haul routes. Good effects on the Aviation industry can be summarized as below: Fare Reduction : General/overall fare reduction to customers due to competition as these airlines eat into the revenues of the regular airlines even if they don't directly compete with them. Price Conscious : Customers who are only price conscious now have an airline to go to; these passengers are ready to give up the frills. Opportunities : New opportunities for existing airlines to expand into offering no-frills subsidiary airlines.

43. Employment : General increase in employment across airline and related industries. Benefit to Customers : Customers benefit as new short-haul air routes are serviced...smaller towns now get connected to larger hubs where previously the bigger airlines did not bother to operate. Cheaper freight costs : As there are more airlines carrying freight. The freight cost has drown down. More Airlines= More Competition More Competition=Lower Prices Lower Prices= More people flying More People flying= Massive growth Massive growth= More jobs

44. To offer low air fare,certain sacrifices are to be done at the cost of safe fly.They are: 1. Maintenance : Reduction in maintenance by hiring low skilled technician. Poor quality of maintenance will lead to break down of engine at any time.Hence not safe to fly. 2. Quality : Quality of service will go down in flight in caring passengers.Bad quality maintenance may result in accident.Then safety is defeated. 3. Crowd : Heavy crowd in the air port

46. India's booming economy, and the deregulation of the aviation industry, has brought about a huge increase in the number of domestic airlines in India in recent years. Passengers can now choose from one government owned full service airline, three privately owned full service airlines, and five privately owned low cost carriers. Jet Airways is widely regarded as India's biggest and best airline and has bases in Delhi, Mumbai, Pune, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Chennai, and Bangalore. Indigo Airlines is based in Delhi and flies to around 15 destinations all over India.

47. Consumers have capacity to afford air travel. Consumers have money to spend on tourism, religious tourism & business trips, etc. Competition amongst the Airlines has resulted in sharp decline in air fares. Standard of living has increased. Due to improving economy & industries, more an more foreign companies have invested. MNC’s have also started a new airlines. Due to growing AVIATION INDUSTRY, a number of job opportunities are being applicable for air staff & pilots. Infrastructure is improving.

48. Conclusion The Research has helped me a lot in knowing about the different Low cost airlines in India. I also came to know about the importance of Aviation Industry in India’s improving economy.

49. P2a Unit 4 Task 2

51. The Personal Qualities required for working in the Aviation & Hospitality Industries are : - Positive Attitude Employers value an employee who is cheerful and upbeat with a “can do” attitude. A good sense of humor is also a must. Communication Skills Excellent written and verbal skills are a must. Express yourself clearly and accurately, in writing and in speaking. Employers value good sentence structure, essay and report making skills. Build a good vocabulary and perfect your spelling. Your good communication skills reflects positively on the company if you are hired Strong Work Ethic A hard working employee is a very valued employee. Finish what you start even when the going gets tough.

52. Punctuality Arrive at work on time. Return from breaks and lunch on time as well. In the rare instances when employees cannot avoid being late to work or are unable to work as scheduled, they should notify their supervisor as soon as possible in advance of the anticipated tardiness or absence. Flexibility and Adaptability Willingness to get involved with numerous projects, to help and encourage others, and to find creative solutions to difficult problems. It is necessary to adapt to change quickly and easily. Ability to quickly learn new things. Not getting discouraged by setbacks. Following through on those projects you may not care for. Able to let go, take charge and capitalize on the opportunities presented. Analytical and Problem Solving Skills Don’t shy away from creativity. Many employees fear taking on new task feeling they may fail or have an extra workload. Employers look for employees who come up with creative ways to solve problems. Think outside the box. Interpersonal Skills Getting along with others, being kind, friendly easy to talk to. Practice the golden rule: “Treat others as you would like to be treated.” Don’t forget your dress and grooming are very important. Make sure your clothes are clean and neat, your hair is combed, and shower and use deodorant.

53. Initiative and Motivation Be a self-starter. Have an enthusiastic and positive attitude in the workplace. Being a hard worker as opposed to a lazy one. Team Work Skills A good employee is able to work as part of a team to accomplish company goals. Being able to listen and work with group ideas. Loyalty Always speak well of the workplace, supervisor or job. Don’t discuss confidential matters with anyone who is not authorized to know. Approachable Cabin Crew should be easy to talk to or deal with; friendly. Honesty, Sincerity and Integrity Do not “borrow” company supplies, products or personal equipment with out employer permission. Just because you use it at work doesn’t mean it belongs to you. No lying, cheating or stealing. Gove a full days work for a full days pay. Personal phone calls are for your break time.

54. Confidence Confidence comes not from always being right but from not fearing to be wrong. Should be confident about themselves. Politeness Should be polite in their manners and behavior. Spontaneous He/she should be spontaneous and not waste time thinking about what to do. Grooming Should have high standards of grooming. Body language The body language should be confident and positive always. Smile Should have a pleasant smile on the face at all times.

55. The role of a cabin crew is most important in every flight. His work and sincerity results in a successful flight. For all this to happen it’s necessary for a cabin crew to possess all the above attributes. If a passenger gets a good service, they appreciate and prefers to use the service again. Conclusion

56. M Unit 9 Task 5 M Unit 9 Task 5

57. Airbus is one of the world's leading aircraft manufacturers, and it consistently captures approximately half or more of all orders for airliners with more than 100 seats. Airbus' mission is to provide the aircraft best suited to the market's needs and to support these aircraft with the highest quality of service. The Airbus product line comprises 14 aircraft models, from the 100-seat single-aisle A318 jetliner to the 525-seat A380 - which is the largest civil airliner in service.

59. The two-member flight crew concept was introduced to the airline industry with the A300/A310, and it has since become a standard worldwide. The cockpits incorporate six cathode ray tube (CRT) displays on the main panel – replacing traditional dial-type indicators with electronic instruments that continuously provide flight, navigation and systems-monitoring information in a clear, comprehensive manner. The CRTs are physically identical and are fully interchangeable. In the A300-600 and A310 flight decks are a windshear warning system and Category IIIb autoland capability for operations in bad weather.

60. The range shown is for a full 80% volumetric payload. It takes into account fuel reserves and other typical airline operating rules as well as weather conditions, such as head and tail wind. The A300F has been designed for optimum operating efficiency in regional operations, and in medium-range routes with range capability up to 4000 nm (7700 km). This careful optimization has made the A300F the most popular aircraft for freight operation.

61. AIRCRAFT DIMENSIONS metric imperial Overall length 54.10 m. 177 ft. 5 in. Height 16.54 m. 54 ft. 3 in. Fuselage diameter 5.64 m. 18 ft. 6 in. Maximum cabin width 5.28 m. 17 ft. 4 in. Cabin length 40.70 m. 133 ft. 6 in. Wingspan (geometric) 44.8 m. 147 ft. 1 in. Wing area (reference) 260 m2 2,800 ft2 Wing sweep (25% chord) 28 degrees 28 degrees Wheelbase 18.62 m. 61 ft. 1 in. Wheel track 9.60 m. 31 ft. 6 in.

62. The unique Airbus 222-inch widebody fuselage cross-section of the A300F offers genuine, usable cargo volume on the main deck as well as in the spacious, well-matched underfloor holds.

63. Every First and Business class passenger aboard the A300 and A310 has either a window or aisle seat, while the comfortable eight-abreast Economy class cabin offers more space than any competing aircraft – with no passenger further than one seat away from an aisle. The A300 and 310 are known for their quiet cabins. The aircraft can be outfitted with a wide range of in-flight entertainment and communications that are highly appreciated by passengers on longer routes.

64. In cockpit technology, Airbus also has become a leader as the result of innovations introduced first on the A300/A310 Family. The A310 featured the first cockpit ever certificated for a two-member flight crew on a large airliner, using six cathode ray tube (CRT) displays on the instrument panel to replace traditional dial-type instruments.

65. The Airbus A300 is a short- to medium-range widebody aircraft. Launched in 1972 as the world's first twin-engined widebody, it was the first product of the Airbus consortium of European aerospace companies, wholly owned today by EADS. The A300 ceased production in July 2007, along with the smaller A310.

66. The A300 has been designed for optimum operating efficiency in regional operations and on medium-range routes, with range capability up to 4000 nm (7700 km). This careful optimization has made the A300 the most popular aircraft for regional passenger operations.

67. AIRCRAFT DIMENSIONS metric imperial Overall length 54.10 m 177 ft. 5 in. Overall Height 16.5 m 54 ft. 3 in. Fuselage diameter 5.64 m 18 ft. in. Maximum cabin width 5.28 m 17 ft. 4 in. Cabin length 40.70 m 133 ft. 6 in. Wingspan (geometric) 44.84 m 147 ft. 1 in. Wing area (reference) 260 m² 2,800 ft² Wing sweep (25% chord) 28º 28º Wheelbase 18.62 m 61 ft. 1 in. Wheel track 9.60 m 31 ft. 6 in.

68. In the A300 cabin, seat pitch can be adapted in units of one inch. Galleys, lavatories and stowages can be located in different numbers, groupings and locations. In-flight entertainment can be incorporated in the seats or screens mounted on partitions below the overhead stowages.

70. In-flight Services Audio There are 12 channels of audio entertainment on the plane for all classes. Headphones are provided free of charge in the first class. In the economy class you can bring standard headphones from home and listen for free. Bassinets Bassinets are available for infants who weight less than 11 kg and do not exceed 75 cm in height; reserve one for your infant through Korean Air Reservations and confirm you are seated in the proper seating area. Food Infant food is available but must be reserved at least 24 hours before your flight's scheduled departure.

71. The Airbus A310 is a medium- to long-range widebody airliner. Launched in 1978, it was the second aircraft created by the Airbus consortium of European aerospace companies, which is now fully owned by EADS. The A310 is a shortened derivative of the A300, the first twin-engined widebody airliner. The A310 (along with the A300) officially ceased production in July 2007 although the last delivery was in June 1998.

72. The A310 has been designed for optimum operating efficiency in regional operations, combined with the capability to fly extended range routes. It does not carry the cost increments of design for long range operations for which aircraft such as the A340 Family are better optimised.

73. AIRCRAFT DIMENSIONS metric imperial Overall length 46.66 m. 153 ft. 1 in. Height 15.80 m. 51 ft. 10 in. Fuselage diameter 5.64 m. 18 ft. 6 in. Maximum cabin width 5.28 m. 17 ft. 4 in. Cabin length 33.25 m. 109 ft. 1 in. Wingspan (geometric) 43.90 m. 144 ft. Wing area (reference) 219 m2 2,360 ft2 Wing sweep (25% chord) 28 degrees 28 degrees Wheelbase 15.21 m. 49 ft. 11 in. Wheel track 9.60 m. 31 ft. 6 in.

74. In the A310 cabin, seat pitch can be adapted in units of one inch. Galleys, lavatories and stowages can be located in different numbers, groupings and locations. In-flight entertainment can be incorporated in the seats or screens mounted on partitions below the overhead stowages. These make for an almost infinite variety of cabin interiors.

76. With more than 3,200 aircraft sold worldwide, the A320 Family is the undisputed leader in the single-aisle jetliner marketplace. The Family comprises four aircraft that share the same cockpit, fly with the same operating procedures, and have the same cabin cross-section and systems. Fly-by-wire technology is pioneered in the A320 Family

77. The flight deck is fitted with two seats, one for each pilot, with primary flight and navigation displays for the Thales / VDO electronic flight and information system, (EFIS). The primary flight display shows speed, altitude and heading data. In the centre section between the pilot's and co-pilot's instrument displays are two Thales / VDO electronic central aircraft monitor displays.

78. Airbus’ A320 Family sets the standards for passenger comfort, featuring the widest fuselage of any single-aisle aircraft. This provides wider seats for passengers; and a larger aisle that enables faster boarding and deplaning, as well an easier movement of passengers, cabin crew and service carts during flight. For in-flight service, cabin crews can do their jobs more efficiently and provide better service with galleys that have 40 percent more working volume and 25 percent more galley volume than other single-aisle aircraft.

79. The Airbus A320 family is a family of short- to medium-range, narrow-body, commercial passenger jet airliners manufactured by Airbus. The family includes the A318, A319, A320, and A321, as well as the ACJ business jet. The founding member of the best-selling Airbus single-aisle Family, the A320 is the only all-new aircraft in its category.

80. The A320 accommodates 150 passengers in a typical two-class cabin layout, and has a 3,000 nm/5,550 km range. It can be powered by CFM56-5 or IAE V2500 engines.

81. AIRCRAFT DIMENSIONS metric imperial Overall length 37.57 m. 123 ft. 3 in. Height 11.76 m. 38 ft. 7 in. Fuselage diameter 3.95 m. 13 ft. Maximum cabin width 3.70 m. 12 ft. 1 in. Cabin length 27.51 m. 90 ft. 3 in. Wingspan (geometric) 34.10 m. 111 ft. 10 in. Wing area (reference) 122 m2 1,320 ft Wing sweep (25% chord) 25 degrees 25 degrees Wheelbase 12.64 m. 41 ft. 5 in.

82. In the A320 cabin, seat pitch can be adapted in units of one inch. Galleys, lavatories and stowages can be located in different numbers, groupings and locations. In-flight entertainment can be incorporated in the seats or screens mounted on partitions below the overhead stowages. The main cabin has two passenger doors on the port side and service doors on the starboard side.

83. In-flight Services Audio XM Satellite Radio is available in every seat. Class: Economy Class Video A 6.8 inch LCD screen for each seat with DIRECTV. Longer flights may include movie choices. Class: Economy Class

85. The A330/A340 Family concept is unique: one basic airframe is available in six different configurations, powered by two or four engines. The twin-engine A330 is optimised for highest revenue generation and the lowest operating costs from regional segments to extended range routes, while the four-engine A340 provides versatility on the most demanding long-range and ultra-long-range flights. The A330/A340 use Airbus’ unique 222-inch fuselage cross-section, offering the highest levels of comfort in all travel classes.

86. At the heart of the cockpit is the fly-by-wire system pioneered by Airbus. Its digital electronic flight controls improve handling and stability while reducing pilot workload. The A330/A340 side-sticks – which replace the traditional centre-mounted control yokes used for decades on airliners – give optimum control inputs for the fly-by-wire system and create an open, uncluttered cockpit environment for the flight crew.

87. The A330/A340 are true widebody jetliners, using Airbus’ 222-inch cross-section that has become the fuselage size of choice for airlines worldwide. In the business class cabin, the A330/A340 cross-section allows for a 2-2-2 seating configuration with only window and aisle seats, eliminating the unwanted centre seat found with the 7-abreast lay-out used on other airliners. In economy class, the A330/A340 has as many as 12 per cent more window seats and 40 per cent fewer middle seats. The additional headroom available on the A330 and A340 allows for unequalled overhead storage, giving passengers more space to stow their carry-on bags with a minimum of disruption during boarding and deplaning.

88. From nose to tail, the A330 and A340 incorporate the latest advances in Airbus technology and innovation. The optimised wing design ensures the best takeoff and landing performance in all conditions, as well as high-efficiency flight at cruise speeds. New overhead stowage bins create additional room for carry-on luggage, which helps facilitate passenger boarding and deplaning.

89. The Airbus A330 is a large-capacity, Wide-body, twin-engine, medium-to-long-range commercial passenger airliner. First flown in 1992, the A330 was developed at the same time as the four-engined Airbus A340, and was designed with common fuselage and wing components. The A330-300 brings Airbus widebody efficiency to airline operations on longer-haul routes. The Airbus A330 is a large-capacity, Wide-body, twin-engine, medium-to-long-range commercial passenger airliner. First flown in 1992, the A330 was developed at the same time as the four-engined Airbus A340, and was designed with common fuselage and wing components. The A330-300 brings Airbus widebody efficiency to airline operations on longer-haul routes.

90. AIRCRAFT DIMENSIONS metric imperial Height 16.85 m. 56 ft. 5 in. Fuselage diameter 5.64 m. 18 ft 6 in. Maximum cabin width 5.28 m. 17 ft 4 in. Cabin length 50.35 m. 165 ft 3 in. Wingspan (geometric) 60.3 m. 197 ft 10 in. Wing area (reference) 362 m2 3,890 ft2 Wing sweep (25% chord) 30 degrees 30 degrees Wheelbase 25.6 m. 84 ft. Wheel track 10.69 m. 35 ft. 1 in.

91. In the A330-300 cabin, seat pitch can be adapted in units of one inch. Galleys, lavatories and stowages can be located in different numbers, groupings and locations. In-flight entertainment can be incorporated in the seats or screens mounted on partitions below the overhead stowages. These make for an almost infinite variety of cabin interiors.

92. The Airbus A340 is a long-range four-engined wide-body commercial passenger airliner manufactured by Airbus, a subsidiary of EADS. It seats between 261 and 380 passengers, and has a range between 6,700 and 9,000 NM (12400 to 16600 km). It is similar in design to the twin-engined A330. Initial A340 versions share the fuselage and wing of the A330 while later models are longer and have larger wings. Bringing all of the A340 benefits to the upper end of Airbus’ product line.

93. AIRCRAFT DIMENSIONS metric imperial Overall length 75.3 m. 247 ft. 1 in. Height 17.3 m. 58 ft. 9 in. Fuselage diameter 5.64 m. 18 ft. 6 in. Maximum cabin width 5.28 m. 17 ft. 4 in. Cabin length 60.98 m. 200 ft. 1 in. Wingspan (geometric) 63.5 m. 208 ft. 2 in. Wing area (reference) 438 m2 4,707 ft2 Wing sweep (25% chord) 31.1 degrees 31.1 degrees Wheelbase 32.89 m. 107 ft. 11 in. Wheel track 10.69 m. 35 ft. 1 in.

94. In the A340-600 cabin, seat pitch can be adapted in units of one inch. Galleys, lavatories and stowages can be located in different numbers, groupings and locations. In-flight entertainment can be incorporated in the seats or screens mounted on partitions below the overhead stowages. These make for an almost infinite variety of cabin interiors. The A340 Family spans 295-380 seats and delivers a unique combination of superior passenger comfort, economy and operational flexibility. The Family complements the A330 in extending market coverage to longer routes. A340 models are particularly well suited to operation in challenging high-temperature and high-altitude conditions.

96. The Airbus A350 is a long range, mid-sized, wide body family of airliners currently under development, designed to compete with the Boeing 777 and Boeing 787. The A350 will be the first Airbus with fuselage and wing structures made primarily of carbon fiber reinforced plastic. It is scheduled to enter into service in 2013. With more than 500 firm orders from 33 customers, the A350 XWB is shaping the future of air travel – providing airlines with a family of new-generation aircraft that is best suited to the market’s requirements in terms of size, range, revenue generation, passenger comfort and the environment.

98. The revised design of the cockpit dropped the A380-sized display and adopted 15 in (38 cm) LCD displays. The new six-screen configuration will have two central display mounted one above other and a single primary flight/navigation display with an on-board information system screen adjacent to it. Airbus claims the new cockpit will allow advances in navigation technology to be placed on the displays in the future plus flexibility and capacity to upload new software and to combine data from multiple sources and sensors for flight management and aircraft systems control.

99. Airbus utilises next-generation manufacturing and assembly techniques to make the A350 XWB a more efficient and reliable aircraft. The A350 XWB is equipped with an advanced cockpit and onboard systems optimised for robustness and simplicity, while its advanced wing design makes this aircraft faster and quieter.

100. With their extra wide fuselage, all three versions of the A350 XWB (the A350-800, -900 and -1000) ensure maximum comfort for both passengers and crew while guaranteeing operators optimum revenue potential and operating efficiency.

101. With a maximum 220-inch interior cross section, the A350 XWB models have five more inches of cabin width than their competition, accommodating up to 30-35 additional seats. Premium economy is created in an eight-abreast arrangement, while 10-abreast seating is available for high-density layouts – which are accommodated without the need for cabin modifications or floor reinforcement. A350 XWB business class at six or seven-abreast seating offers exclusive comfort levels and allows even the most innovative lie-flat seats to be installed.

102. AIRCRAFT DIMENSIONS metric imperial Height 17.05 m. 55 ft. 11.3 in. Fuselage length 58.9 m. 193 ft. 3 in. Fuselage height 6.09 m 19 ft. 11 in. Cabin width (Between armrest) 5.59 m 18 ft. 4 in. Wing span 64.8 m 212 ft. 5 in. Wing area (reference) 443 m 2 4,740 ft 2 . Sweep (25% chord mid-wing) 31.9 degrees 31.9 degrees Wheelbase 24.86 m 81 ft. 7 in. Track 10.6 m 34 ft. 9 in.

104. Airbus’ 21 st century flagship has made its name as the world's largest, greenest passenger aircraft, and has captured the imagination of air passengers everywhere. Introducing this next-generation jetliner is saving customers millions in operating costs annually while creating thousands of extra seats on long-haul routes. With the lowest cost per seat and the lowest emissions per passenger of any large aircraft, the A380 provides a competitive edge. The A380 is generating excitement as well as profits. With the best cabin in the sky offering unparalleled comfort for all, the A380 has become a must-have ticket on every route it flies – resulting in higher load factors, a higher market share, and higher profit margins for operators.

105. The A380 features an improved glass cockpit, and fly-by-wire flight controls linked to side-sticks. The improved cockpit displays feature eight 15-by-20 cm LCD, all of which are physically identical and interchangeable; comprising two Primary Flight Displays, two navigation displays, one engine parameter display, one system display and two Multi-Function Displays. These MFDs are new with the A380, and provide an easy-to-use interface to the flight management system—replacing three multifunction control and display units. The A380 cockpit has eight identical large interactive displays on the main instrument panel, with cursor control provided through a track-ball. The displays provide a much larger screen area with clearer presentations.

106. The A380 redefines the meaning of comfort for all passengers – whether they are premium customers in First and Business class, or leisure travelers in the Economy cabin. Its double-deck passenger cabins are wider than the largest airliner in service today, offering the possibility for wider seats and aisles on the A380, along with more open spaces and access to optional passenger amenities such as business centers and social areas.

107. The A380 embodies 30 years of Airbus experience in applying intelligent innovation to its new products. The result is an airliner at the top of the scale in terms of efficiency, profitability and operational effectiveness. By incorporating the latest advances in structures and materials, the A380 offers a direct operating cost per passenger that is 15 per cent lower than the competing large airliner. New-generation engines, combined with an advanced wing and landing gear design, will make the A380 significantly quieter than today's largest airliner – enabling the very large aircraft to meet strict local regulations at airports around the world.

108. The A380’s twin-aisle, twin-deck passenger cabin offers the long-distance traveller a whole new level of comfort. A cabin designed around needs of passengers today and tomorrow provides the latest comfort standards – with wider seats and aisles, plus more space regardless of class of ticket. Optional lower deck use for rest areas, business, bar or other amenities can further enhance the A380 travel experience.

109. Safety Features Asbestos gloves These gloves are made from the material which doesn’t catch fire and hence are used for fire fighting. It can only be used by Cabin Crew. They are kept in the Cockpit Smoke Goggles Smoke Goggles are used for fire fighting. They protect the eyes from smoke. They are kept in Cockpit Fire axe These are also called Crash axe, they are used for removing the obstacles that block the passage. They are kept in cockpit.

110. Megaphone It is used to address the passengers during emergency when the PA system is not working. Fire extinguisher These are used to extinguish the fire. They are of two types (a)Halon (b) Water Portable oxygen cylinders : They are used during emergencies and have two types of mask (a)Full face (b)First aid

111. First-aid kit First aid kit is valid for a period of 6 months. Can be used only by Cabin Crew Physicians kit This can be used only by a only by a physician and has a validity of 3 months. Safety Harness Also known as shoulder harness is used by a cabin crew to secure themselves as they don’t have an arm rest.

112. Life vest : This is used during ditching which helps the person to float on water. It is also important that they inflate it only after getting out of the aircraft. Dinghy : They are small boats which are used while ditching to get away from the sinking aircraft. Slides/Rafts : They are used to get away from the aircrafts as quickly as possible. They get inflated when the doors are opened in the armed position

113. Conclusion This research has helped me lot in gaining knowledge about the different Aircraft’s of Airbus. This research also helped me knowing about the safety equipments of the aircraft

114. D Unit 9 Task 6

115. The current growth rate in domestic and international travel exceeds 25%, the highest in the world. In the period April-September 2006, the total aircraft movements witnessed an increase of 29.6% year-on-year to 494.92 thousand aircraft movements, as compared to 318.89 thousand during April-September 2005. The Indian domestic market grew at almost 50% in the first half of 2006. On average, full service carriers are shedding a remarkable 1.5% of market share every month to low cost carriers.

116. Travel Airlines has reduced the travelling time drastically in comparison to other modes of transport. This is the biggest advantage for everyone in this era. Affordable The competitive market has lowered the cost of travelling and even enhanced the services and quality of transport. Latest technology The latest technology has added a great new and safe prospective to Airlines. Security Aviation industry is a heavily guarded industry so consumer can feel safe while travelling.

117. Growing market Estimated domestic passenger segment growth is at 12 per annum. Anticipated growth for International passenger minimum five years domestic flying requirement mandatory before they get approval to fly overseas this way foreign airlines have advantage over our domestic carriers who have newly started. Job opportunities The industry is growing rapidly due to which the job opportunities have increased. Salary The employees get a very good salary and even the jobs are highly appreciated. Bright future The number of passengers is likely to increase to 400-450 million by 2020 from 110 million currently and the number of scheduled aircraft is estimated to go up to 1,000-1,500 from 600 at present, while non-schedules ones would go up to 1,000 by then.

118. Increasing prices The industry is getting expensive for the airlines to buy new aircraft and do their maintenance. Tight schedule for employees The employees don’t have a fixed timing for the job they need to be away from their family and has to work in difficult and stressful situation. Cancellations Many of the un-economic flights routes and flights would be cancelled. Air traffic The increasing number of airlines have caused heavy air traffic and pollution.

119. Accidents Even after using the best technology and high security there are cases of crashes and hijacks. Competition Less competition will result in price hike which will also result in less number of flights and the existing flights will all be busy. Finance With the Indian aviation industry expected to grow two to three fold by 2020, about Rs 3,000 crore would be needed for the development of airports, while around Rs 8,000 crore would be required for airlines and others related services. Infrastructure constraint Airport infrastructure needs to be upgraded rapidly if Indian aviation industry has to continue its success story.

120. The Airbus A300 is a short- to medium-range widebody aircraft. Launched in 1972 as the world's first twin-engined widebody, it was the first product of the Airbus consortium of European aerospace companies, wholly owned today by EADS. The Airbus A380 is a double-deck, wide-body, four-engine airliner manufactured by the European corporation Airbus, a subsidiary of EADS. The largest passenger airliner in the world, the A380 made its maiden flight on 27 April 2005 from Toulouse, France and made its first commercial flight on 25 October 2007 form Singapore to Sydney with Singapore Airlines.

121. The A300 featured the first cockpit ever certificated for a two-member flight crew on a large airliner, using six cathode ray tube (CRT) displays on the instrument panel to replace traditional dial-type instruments. Airbus used similar cockpit layout, procedures and handling characteristics to those of other Airbus aircraft, to reduce crew training costs. Accordingly, the A380 features an improved glass cockpit, and fly-by-wire flight controls linked to side-sticks. The improved cockpit displays feature eight 15-by-20 cm LCD, all of which are physically identical and interchangeable; comprising two Primary Flight Displays, two navigation displays, one engine parameter display, one system display and two Multi-Function Displays.

122. In the A300 cabin, seat pitch can be adapted in units of one inch. In-flight entertainment can be incorporated in the seats or screens mounted on partitions below the overhead stowages. These make for an almost infinite variety of cabin interiors. The A380’s twin-aisle, twin-deck passenger cabin offers the long-distance traveller a whole new level of comfort. A cabin designed around needs of passengers today and tomorrow provides the latest comfort standards – with wider seats and aisles, plus more space regardless of class of ticket. Optional lower deck use for rest areas, business, bar or other amenities can further enhance the A380 travel experience.

123. My Opinion Aviation Industry has increased India’s GDP a lot. The Industry is improving day by day. Measures are taken to improve Safety features. This improvement has changed the way a person looks at flying, it’s safety and it’s speed. A place for me in the Industry Aviation industry is growing very rapidly and more and more job opportunities As far as I’m concerned I’m sure I will be recognized as a good steward in a renowned airline.

124. My Future In the Aviation Sector This is the very vast industry and job opportunities are widening day by day. More and more entry of private airlines increases the job opportunites. How did I benefit with this research The research showed me the different aspects of the industry, And the way its moving towards the bright future. It has also helped me to know the different progress Airbus Industry has done and the difference between each of its product.

125. Did the research help? Yes. The research acknowledged me about the Aviation Industry, the working style, benefit to India’s Economy, and the Advantages & Disadvantages. The research also acknowledged me about the technologies used before and the latest technology’s used in the present era. Improved safety measures in the Latest Aircraft. It also helped me in knowing the different qualities required by the cabin crew.

126. www.airliners.net www.airbus.com www.google.com www.wikipedia.org Aviation Modules