Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and social interaction and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. It is diagnosed based on criteria from the DSM-5 and can range from mild to severe. Stereotypic movement disorder is also a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by repetitive, purposeless motor movements that interfere with activities and can cause self-injury. Both disorders typically emerge in early childhood and are included in the DSM-5 chapter on neurodevelopmental disorders.

1. Presentation By:

2. WHAT IS AUTISM SPECTRUM
DISORDER ???

3. AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
299.00 (F84.0)
Autism Spectrum Disorders are significant
and complex neurodevelopmental disorders
impacting on reciprocal relationships which
are usually evident and diagnosed by early
childhood or adolescence.

5. Autism Spectrum Disorder
DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA 299.00 (F84.0)
A. Deficits in social communication and social interaction like
1. Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity
2. Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors
3. Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding
relationships.
B. Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or
activities, as manifested by at least two of the following
1. Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements
2. Insistence on sameness, inflexible, ritualized behavior.
3. Highly restricted, fixated interests
4. Hyper- or hypo reactivity to sensory input

6. C. Symptoms must be present in the early
developmental period .
D. Cause clinically significant impairment in
social, occupational functioning
E. These disturbances are not better explained
by intellectual developmental disorder or
global developmental delay.

7. Autism Spectrum Disorder: Severity
• With/without accompanying intellectual impairment.
• With/without accompanying language impairment.
• Associated with a known medical or genetic condition
or environmental factor.
• Associated with another neurodevelopment, mental, or
behavioral disorder.
• With catatonia.
Autism Spectrum Disorder: Specifiers
• Severity is based on social communication
impairments and restricted, repetitive patterns of
behavior.

9. It is a new DSM-5 disorder encompassing the
previous DSMIV autistic disorder (autism),
Asperger's disorder, childhood disintegrative
disorder, Rett's disorder, and pervasive
developmental disorder not otherwise specified.

12. STEREOTYPIC MOVEMENT
DISORDER
• Stereotypic movement disorder is a condition
in which a person makes repetitive,
purposeless movements for at least four
weeks.
(such as hand waving, body rocking, or head
banging)
The movements interfere with normal activity
or have the potential to cause bodily harm.

13. Examples of Stereotypic Movements
• Waving one’s hands
• Banging one’s head
• Compulsively picking one’s skin
• Compulsively picking one’s hair”
• Nail biting

14. Stereotypic Movement Disorder
A. Repetitive, seemingly driven, and apparently
purposeless motor behavior
B. The repetitive motor behavior interferes with
social, academic, or other activities and may
result in self-injury.
C. Onset is in the early developmental period.
D. The repetitive motor behavior is not
attributable to the physiological effects of a
substance or neurological condition.

15. Specify current severity:
• Mild: Symptoms are easily suppressed
by sensory stimulus or distraction.
• Moderate: Symptoms require explicit
protective measures and behavioral
modification.
• Severe: Continuous monitoring and
protective measures are required to
prevent serious injury.

16. Specifiers…..
• With self-injurious behavior
• Without self-injurious behavior
• Associated with a known medical or
genetic condition, neurodevelopmental
disorder, or environmental factor.

18. • The following motor disorders are included in
the DSM-5 neurodevelopmental disorders
chapter: developmental coordination disorder,
stereotypic movement disorder, Tourette’s
disorder, persistent (chronic) motor or vocal tic
disorder, provisional tic disorder, other
specified tic disorder, and unspecified tic
disorder.
• Stereotypic movement disorder has been more
clearly differentiated from body-focused
repetitive behavior disorders, that are in the
DSM-5 obsessive-compulsive disorder chapter.