This document summarizes an assessment of large-scale land cover change classification and drivers of deforestation in Indonesia. It compares several national forest maps from 2000-2013 and finds discrepancies that need further accuracy assessment. Kalimantan and Sumatera contribute about 80% of deforestation CO2 emissions. Peatlands contribute 30-50% of total carbon emissions from forestry. Analysis of follow-up land use after forest conversion from 2000-2009 found the main drivers to be oil palm plantation, logging, and wood fiber plantations. The assessment aims to improve national reference emission levels and REDD+ monitoring in Indonesia.

1. Assessment of Large Scale Land Cover
Change Classification and Drivers of
Deforestation in Indonesia
Contributors: Arief Wijaya, Ruandha Agung Sugardiman, Budiharto,
Anna Tosiani, Lou Verchot, Daniel Murdiyarso, Martin Herold, Erika Romijn
36th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment
Berlin, 10 – 15 May 2015

2. CIFOR Global Comparative Study on REDD+
 GCS Module 3: REDD+ MRV and Carbon Emissions
measurement
– Assessment of major deforestation drivers
– Setting national reference emission levels (RELs)
– Monitoring, reporting, verification (MRV) for REDD+
– Six case study countries: Brazil, Peru, Indonesia,
Vietnam, Tanzania and Cameroon
 Further information: www.cifor.org/gcs/

3. Outline of Presentation
 Common problems of national forest mapping in Indonesia
 Satellite data classification and approaches
 Comparison of available maps of forest loss/deforestation
 Needs for systematic accuracy assessment
 Drivers of deforestation analysis

4. One Landsat scene
cover 185 x 185 km
Indonesia is
covered by
218 scenes
Source: Ministry of Forestry of Indonesia

5. Highly rapid vegetation dynamics in Indonesia
Source: Ministry of Forestry of Indonesia

6. Satellite data availability and approaches
Source: Ministry of Forestry of Indonesia

7. Available datasets
 Land cover map of MOF (1990 - 2013)
 WRI Global Forest Watch data/GFW (2000 – 2013)
 Annual primary forest loss map of University of Maryland – from
Margono study (annually, from 2000 - 2012)
 Indonesian National Carbon Accounting System (INCAS), LCCA
project by Indonesian National Aerospace Agency (LAPAN)
(annually, from 2000 – 2012)

8. Comparison of deforestation/forest loss maps
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Annualtreecoverloss/deforestation
(000hectare)
GFW (Outside and inside primary forest)
GFW (Inside primary forest)
MOF - CIFOR (Natural forest)
Margono, et.al (Primary forest)
What causes
discrepancies in 2013?

9. Agreement and
disagreement of
forest loss /
deforestation
during 2000 – 2010
- MOF (orange
polygon)
- Margono (black)
- INCAS (other
colors)

10. Systematic accuracy assessment exercise
- Fine resolution Google Earth footprints imagery
- Mosaic cloud free Landsat data 2000, 2005, 2010
- Stratified random sampling points of verified forest loss 2000 – 2010
- To verify Margono, INCAS, MOF forest loss data
- Observe maps differences, Why? When?
- Improve forest loss estimate 2000 - 2012

11. Deforestation estimate across main Islands

12. Contributions of CO2 Emissions by Islands
Kalimantan and
Sumatera contribute
to ~80% of CO2
deforestation
emissions between
1990 – 2012

13. CO2 Emissions from Deforestation, Peat
Drainage and Peat Fires in Indonesia
Peatlands contribute to 30 – 50% of total carbon emissions from
forestry sector between 1990 and 2012

14. Land Use Types Following Forest Conversion
1990-2000

15. Forest definitions matter!
Distribution of deforestation drivers in Indonesia from 2000 to 2009 based on analysis
of follow-up land cover/land use type
Source: Romijn, et al (2013)

16. Supporting Donors :