The data center market has expanded dramatically in the past few years, and it doesn’t show signs of slowing down. Many clients and building owners are requesting modular data centers, which can be placed anywhere data capacity is needed. Modular data centers can help cash-strapped building owners add a new data center (or more capacity) to their site, and can assist facilities with unplanned outages, such as disruptions due to storms. Owners look to modular data centers to accelerate the “floor ready” date as compared to a traditional brick and mortar.
Cooling Optimization 101: A Beginner's Guide to Data Center CoolingUpsite Technologies
As new personnel enter the industry, they are often bombarded with a slew of buzz words and marketing messages that would lead them to believe that data centers almost run themselves. And while monitoring and DCIM solutions are improving the management of power and cooling, an understanding of the fundamental science is crucial to both see through the hype and get the most out of management systems. More so, as the veterans in our industry start to retire, much of the basic knowledge around power and cooling is often overlooked when training their successors. This session will provide that basic knowledge and give a fundamental understanding of the power and cooling infrastructure in a data center, with an emphasis on cooling optimization. In this session, you’ll learn how to recover stranded cooling capacity, reduce operating costs, improve IT equipment reliability, and prolong the life and capacity of the data center.
Data Center Cooling Design - Datacenter-serverroommarlisaclark
Keep your data center cool and healthy with our smart Data Center Cooling Design which makes sure your data centers never get exhausted and work efficiently. Visit: http://www.datacenter-serverroom.com/rack-row-room-data-center-cooling
What Does It Cost to Build a Data Center? (SlideShare)SP Home Run Inc.
http://DataCenterLeadGen.com
What Does It Cost to Build a Data Center? (SlideShare).
The “build a data center” decision is not to be taken lightly. Consider these different cost factors to see if a build or lease is better.
Copyright (C) SP Home Run Inc. All worldwide rights reserved.
The data center market has expanded dramatically in the past few years, and it doesn’t show signs of slowing down. Many clients and building owners are requesting modular data centers, which can be placed anywhere data capacity is needed. Modular data centers can help cash-strapped building owners add a new data center (or more capacity) to their site, and can assist facilities with unplanned outages, such as disruptions due to storms. Owners look to modular data centers to accelerate the “floor ready” date as compared to a traditional brick and mortar.
Cooling Optimization 101: A Beginner's Guide to Data Center CoolingUpsite Technologies
As new personnel enter the industry, they are often bombarded with a slew of buzz words and marketing messages that would lead them to believe that data centers almost run themselves. And while monitoring and DCIM solutions are improving the management of power and cooling, an understanding of the fundamental science is crucial to both see through the hype and get the most out of management systems. More so, as the veterans in our industry start to retire, much of the basic knowledge around power and cooling is often overlooked when training their successors. This session will provide that basic knowledge and give a fundamental understanding of the power and cooling infrastructure in a data center, with an emphasis on cooling optimization. In this session, you’ll learn how to recover stranded cooling capacity, reduce operating costs, improve IT equipment reliability, and prolong the life and capacity of the data center.
Data Center Cooling Design - Datacenter-serverroommarlisaclark
Keep your data center cool and healthy with our smart Data Center Cooling Design which makes sure your data centers never get exhausted and work efficiently. Visit: http://www.datacenter-serverroom.com/rack-row-room-data-center-cooling
What Does It Cost to Build a Data Center? (SlideShare)SP Home Run Inc.
http://DataCenterLeadGen.com
What Does It Cost to Build a Data Center? (SlideShare).
The “build a data center” decision is not to be taken lightly. Consider these different cost factors to see if a build or lease is better.
Copyright (C) SP Home Run Inc. All worldwide rights reserved.
Data Center Floor Design - Your Layout Can Save of Kill Your PUE & Cooling Ef...Maria Demitras
Implementing data center best practices and using CFD models allowed Great Lakes to suggest a data center layout that would improve PUE and efficiency. Jason Hallenbeck, DCDC, explains the concepts behind how data center floor design can save or kill your PUE and cooling efficiency—as found in this proposal. Find Jason presenting at the BICSI Fall Conference on September 14th at 1:30 pm.
The case studies explain how the projects were completed, look at power consumption before & after, with the resulting significant energy savings together with excellent ROI’s. In addition, further benefits such as improved monitoring and preventative maintenance are also discussed.
Clarifying ASHRAE's Recommended Vs. Allowable Temperature Envelopes and How t...Upsite Technologies
The topic of raising temperatures in data centers used to be met with much criticism in the industry, but in recent years has become more accepted. A big driver for this acceptance has been ASHRAE’s expanded envelope for recommended and allowable server inlet temperatures. However, while this has eased the discussion, there are still some questions that have been left unanswered. What’s the difference between recommended and allowable? Which one is best to use? What steps must be taken to safely raise set points? How do you ensure servers are still adequately cooled? What if you have different server types (A1, A2, A3, A4)? This presentation will examine these questions to give a clearer understanding of ASHRAE’s recommended and allowable guidelines. Also covered will be an explanation on how, in some cases, it is possible to raise cooling control set points without raising server inlet temperatures.
When developing data center energy-use estimations, engineers must account for all sources of energy use in the facility. Most energy consumption is obvious: computers, cooling plant and related equipment, lighting, and other miscellaneous electrical loads. Designing efficient and effective data centers is a top priority for consulting engineers. Cooling is a large portion of data center energy use, second only to the IT load. Although there are several options to help maximize HVAC efficiency and minimize energy consumption, data centers come in many shapes, sizes, and configurations. By developing a deep understanding of their client’s data center HVAC requirements, consulting engineers can help maintain the necessary availability level of mission critical applications while reducing energy consumption.
4 steps to quickly improve pue through airflow managementUpsite Technologies
It’s well known that cooling typically accounts for around half of a data center's total power consumption. Given this, it's imperative that cooling is optimized to achieve a low Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE). While this too may be common knowledge, the question still remains, how can this be done quickly, with all possible benefits realized, and with the fastest return on investment?
Heat recovery ventilation is a means of energy conversation in buildings. Because of reducing ventilation exhaust air, can play a good role in the effectiveness of ventilation to reduce energy use. As building efficiency is improved with insulation and weather stripping, buildings are intentionally made more airtight, and consequently less ventilated. Since all buildings require a source of fresh air, the need for HRVs has become obvious.
Este é um documento disponibilzado pela Ashrae na internet para consultas sobre TC 9.9 para operação em Data Centers no mundo todo, esse guia fala sobre as classes e os seus limites operacionais mínimos e máximos
sehubungan dengan kebutuhan Internet of things (IoT) di segala bidang, maka diperlukan data center yang memenuhi standar, salah satu bagian vital pada data center yaitu bagian HVACnya, berikut saya lampirkan PPT pemaparan singkat mengenai HVAC pada data center, mohon maaf PPTnya masih acak-acak2an :D
semogaa bermanfaat
Gaining Data Center Cooling Efficiency Through Airflow ManagementUpsite Technologies
This presentation highlights research from Upsite Technologies regarding the latest best in data center airflow management and cooling, including steps to improvement. Originally delivered by Upsite President John Thornell at the AFCOM Boston-New England Chapter meeting.
Implementing Hot and Cold Air Containment in Existing Data CentersSchneider Electric
Containment solutions can eliminate hot spots and provide energy savings over traditional uncontained data center designs. The best containment solution for an existing facility will depend on the constraints of the facility. While ducted hot aisle containment is preferred for highest efficiency, cold aisle containment tends to be easier and more cost effective for facilities with existing raised floor air distribution. This presentation investigates the constraints, reviews all available containment methods, and provides recommendations for determining the best containment approach.
One word that you often see associated with any data center is its “tier,” or its level of service. Virtually every data center has a tier ranking of I, II, III, or IV, and this ranking serves as a symbol for everything it has to offer: its physical infrastructure, its cooling, power infrastructure, redundancy levels, and promised uptime.
This presentation takes a look at each of the 4 data center tiers, examining the key components for each tier, as well the total expected uptime level for each tier. If you are in the process of evaluating data centers, this is no doubt a term you will come across in your search, so we hope this presentation helps provide some solid background in to how you can better choose a data center for your specific needs.
For more insights into the data center world, and to learn more about Data Cave, check out our website at www.thedatacave.com.
The purpose of this presentation is to discuss the underlying science behind data center airflow management and how applying best practices can make the greatest impact on the computer room, both in terms of energy savings and capacity.
Presented by:
Lars Strong, P.E., Senior Engineer, Upsite Technologies
Mark Seymour, Director, Future Facilities.
IWMW 2003 b4 QA for web sites (5 - The QA Focus Perspective)IWMW
Slides (5 - The QA Focus Perspective) used in workshop session B4 on "Catching Mistakes: QA for your Web site" at the IWMW 2003 event held at the University of Kent on 11-13 June 2003.
See http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/workshops/webmaster-2003/sessions/index.html#workshops-b
Data Center Floor Design - Your Layout Can Save of Kill Your PUE & Cooling Ef...Maria Demitras
Implementing data center best practices and using CFD models allowed Great Lakes to suggest a data center layout that would improve PUE and efficiency. Jason Hallenbeck, DCDC, explains the concepts behind how data center floor design can save or kill your PUE and cooling efficiency—as found in this proposal. Find Jason presenting at the BICSI Fall Conference on September 14th at 1:30 pm.
The case studies explain how the projects were completed, look at power consumption before & after, with the resulting significant energy savings together with excellent ROI’s. In addition, further benefits such as improved monitoring and preventative maintenance are also discussed.
Clarifying ASHRAE's Recommended Vs. Allowable Temperature Envelopes and How t...Upsite Technologies
The topic of raising temperatures in data centers used to be met with much criticism in the industry, but in recent years has become more accepted. A big driver for this acceptance has been ASHRAE’s expanded envelope for recommended and allowable server inlet temperatures. However, while this has eased the discussion, there are still some questions that have been left unanswered. What’s the difference between recommended and allowable? Which one is best to use? What steps must be taken to safely raise set points? How do you ensure servers are still adequately cooled? What if you have different server types (A1, A2, A3, A4)? This presentation will examine these questions to give a clearer understanding of ASHRAE’s recommended and allowable guidelines. Also covered will be an explanation on how, in some cases, it is possible to raise cooling control set points without raising server inlet temperatures.
When developing data center energy-use estimations, engineers must account for all sources of energy use in the facility. Most energy consumption is obvious: computers, cooling plant and related equipment, lighting, and other miscellaneous electrical loads. Designing efficient and effective data centers is a top priority for consulting engineers. Cooling is a large portion of data center energy use, second only to the IT load. Although there are several options to help maximize HVAC efficiency and minimize energy consumption, data centers come in many shapes, sizes, and configurations. By developing a deep understanding of their client’s data center HVAC requirements, consulting engineers can help maintain the necessary availability level of mission critical applications while reducing energy consumption.
4 steps to quickly improve pue through airflow managementUpsite Technologies
It’s well known that cooling typically accounts for around half of a data center's total power consumption. Given this, it's imperative that cooling is optimized to achieve a low Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE). While this too may be common knowledge, the question still remains, how can this be done quickly, with all possible benefits realized, and with the fastest return on investment?
Heat recovery ventilation is a means of energy conversation in buildings. Because of reducing ventilation exhaust air, can play a good role in the effectiveness of ventilation to reduce energy use. As building efficiency is improved with insulation and weather stripping, buildings are intentionally made more airtight, and consequently less ventilated. Since all buildings require a source of fresh air, the need for HRVs has become obvious.
Este é um documento disponibilzado pela Ashrae na internet para consultas sobre TC 9.9 para operação em Data Centers no mundo todo, esse guia fala sobre as classes e os seus limites operacionais mínimos e máximos
sehubungan dengan kebutuhan Internet of things (IoT) di segala bidang, maka diperlukan data center yang memenuhi standar, salah satu bagian vital pada data center yaitu bagian HVACnya, berikut saya lampirkan PPT pemaparan singkat mengenai HVAC pada data center, mohon maaf PPTnya masih acak-acak2an :D
semogaa bermanfaat
Gaining Data Center Cooling Efficiency Through Airflow ManagementUpsite Technologies
This presentation highlights research from Upsite Technologies regarding the latest best in data center airflow management and cooling, including steps to improvement. Originally delivered by Upsite President John Thornell at the AFCOM Boston-New England Chapter meeting.
Implementing Hot and Cold Air Containment in Existing Data CentersSchneider Electric
Containment solutions can eliminate hot spots and provide energy savings over traditional uncontained data center designs. The best containment solution for an existing facility will depend on the constraints of the facility. While ducted hot aisle containment is preferred for highest efficiency, cold aisle containment tends to be easier and more cost effective for facilities with existing raised floor air distribution. This presentation investigates the constraints, reviews all available containment methods, and provides recommendations for determining the best containment approach.
One word that you often see associated with any data center is its “tier,” or its level of service. Virtually every data center has a tier ranking of I, II, III, or IV, and this ranking serves as a symbol for everything it has to offer: its physical infrastructure, its cooling, power infrastructure, redundancy levels, and promised uptime.
This presentation takes a look at each of the 4 data center tiers, examining the key components for each tier, as well the total expected uptime level for each tier. If you are in the process of evaluating data centers, this is no doubt a term you will come across in your search, so we hope this presentation helps provide some solid background in to how you can better choose a data center for your specific needs.
For more insights into the data center world, and to learn more about Data Cave, check out our website at www.thedatacave.com.
The purpose of this presentation is to discuss the underlying science behind data center airflow management and how applying best practices can make the greatest impact on the computer room, both in terms of energy savings and capacity.
Presented by:
Lars Strong, P.E., Senior Engineer, Upsite Technologies
Mark Seymour, Director, Future Facilities.
IWMW 2003 b4 QA for web sites (5 - The QA Focus Perspective)IWMW
Slides (5 - The QA Focus Perspective) used in workshop session B4 on "Catching Mistakes: QA for your Web site" at the IWMW 2003 event held at the University of Kent on 11-13 June 2003.
See http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/workshops/webmaster-2003/sessions/index.html#workshops-b
The myths of requirements are that:
• Requirements gathered from business users through requirements gathering meetings and workshops define the scope and functionality of the solution
• Requirements gathering workshops at the start of a project are sufficient to understand business needs
• Requirements change
The reality is that what is gathered during requirements workshops, meetings, interviews, questionnaires and other activities are not solution requirements but business stakeholder requirements.
Stakeholder requirements must be translated into solution requirements which is turn must be translated into a solution design. A solution is a Resolver, a Provider or an Enabler.
Good solution design requires solution ownership and technical leadership throughout the process.
Any solution is always greater than the sum of the gather requirements. Requirements do not equal a solution.
Any solution also causes problems in terms of:
• Required organisational changes to implement and operate solution
• Additional operational overhead
• Cost to implement
The solution is the minimum set of components that works and that solves the problem at the minimum cost with minimum additional costs.
WSO2Con USA 2017: Building a Successful Delivery Team for Customer SuccessWSO2
Ensuring customer success is the the highest priority when we engage with customers. We need to strive to get the customers into production within the shortest time possible to make sure they have sustainable use of WSO2 products. The key to success is to understand the right products for the solution, define an iterative architecture, come up with an agile engagement model and define clarity in terms of scope and acceptance.
The WSO2 Delivery team is well experienced in ensuring customer success with their experiences in the support and services space. Join this session to learn how to best position WSO2 products and learn some best practices in the engagement models.
GLOC 2018: Automation or How We Eliminated Manual EBS R12.2 Upgrades and Beca...ennVee TechnoGroup Inc
ennVee's presentation from the 2018 Great Lakes Oracle Conference in Cleveland, Ohio. Session hosted by Joe Bong (Vice President) and Veera Venugopal (Head of Delivery). Topics include automation best practices for upgrading to Oracle E-Business Suite (EBS) R12.2, and the "Voice of the Customer"; a collection of hundreds of survey responses from IT leaders that have or plan to upgrade to R12.2, top challenges, objectives, and timelines, etc.
(1) To understand the process of converting Owner’s program into written and graphic documents for schematic design and design development. (2) To gain an insight into how quality is established for a Project. (3) To identify the considerations that influence the design of a Project. (4) To introduce the basic concepts of life cycle costs and value analysis. (5) To identify the attributes that should be included in the evaluation and selection of products.
Use Case study of Montclair State University for this session
Leak d Detection feasibility study iFluids EngineeringJohn Kingsley
Leak Ddetection feasibility study iFluids Engineering
A pipeline leak detection system (PLDS) is an increasingly standard component of a modern pipeline control system. Pipeline operators function today in an environment where leak detection systems are seen as a condition of operation mandated via the legal code and enforced through both the courts and regulatory mechanisms and agencies.
PLDS system requirements have generally become more stringent with time. Prudent operators responsible for ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements for leak detection systems must:
• Clearly identify regulatory requirements.
• Define application requirements.
• Select an appropriate leak detection product.
• Initially test and validate system performance.
• Perform recurring testing and validation.
a-survey-on-gas-leak-detection-and-localization-techniques
The Importance Of The Right Instrumentation For Pipeline Leak Detection
In this era where pipeline infrastructure is badly needed to bring liquid products from new plays to market – finding a path to build new pipelines has been increasingly difficult. Politics aside, there is no question that environmental, health and safety are the main concerns when it comes to permitting and building pipelines, and we’ve seen many major projects stalled or cancelled over the past 5 years. The good news? Pipelines remain the safest and most efficient way to transport liquid product, which ultimately bodes well for the industry as expansion is needed. As a collective - however – the industry needs to make a much better case in the court of public opinion if we ever hope to quell the fears prevalent among the discussion.
Migrating clinical studies from one database to another (such as Oracle Clinical to Oracle Clinical or Oracle Clinical to Oracle InForm or Medidata Rave), is a complex process that requires a thorough understanding of clinical data management, technology, and the regulations that govern clinical trials.
In this SlideShare on clinical study migrations we:
Discuss reasons to migrate a clinical study
Provide an overview of the clinical study migration process
Look at validation, technical, and business considerations for migrating a clinical study
Present real-world case studies
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
1. ASHRAE
STANDARDS
DEVELOPMENT
WITH FOCUS ON
COMMISSIONING AND
CRITICAL FACILITIES
Presented by:
Terry Rodgers, CPE, CPMP
Vice President, Commissioning Services
Bureau Veritas Primary Integration, Inc.
trodgers@primaryintegration.com
2. DISTINGUISHED LECTURER PROGRAM
Please!
• Silence Phones
• Distinguished Lecturer Evaluation Forms are very important. Please complete at
the end of the presentation and return to the CTTC or Program Chair.
More information on the DL program available at:
www.ashrae.org/distinguishedlecturers
This ASHRAE Distinguished Lecturer is brought to you by the ASHRAE Society Chapter Technology
Transfer Committee
3. LEADERSHIP WANTED
www.ashrae.org/volunteer
• Society Technical Committees
• Society Standard Committees
• Young Engineers in ASHRAE
• Chapter Membership Promotion
• Chapter Research Promotion
• Chapter Student Activities
• Chapter Technology Transfer
Find your place in ASHRAE & Volunteer!
Become a future leader in ASHRAE & write the
next chapter in your career.
ASHRAE Members who are active at their
chapter and society become leaders and bring
information and technology back to their job.
We need you for:
4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Describe the relationship between
ANSI and ASHRAE
• List the different types of ASHRAE
committees and which ones are
related to Data Centers/Critical
Facilities
• Describe the ASHRAE standards
development process
• Understand how contributing to
ASHRAE is mutually beneficial to you
and ASHRAE
• Describe the commissioning process
and the various Commissioning team
members
5. AGENDA
• ANSI and ASHRAE
• ASHRAE Committees
• ASHRAE Committees related to Critical Facilities/Data Centers
• ASHRAE Standard Publication Development and Review Process
• ASHRAE Process for Submitting Comments on Proposed Publications
• A Case Study - Development of Standard-90.4
• What Should You Do? Volunteer!!!
• ASHRAE TC9.9 Updates
• The Commissioning Process
• Some International Observations
• ASHRAE Proposed Guideline 1.6 Commissioning Data Centers
• Questions and Answers – Open Forum
6. ASHRAE COMMISSIONING (Cx)
STANDARDS & GUIDELINES
• Std 202-2018 Cx Process for Bldgs and Sys.s
• Gdl 0-2019 The Cx Process
• Gdl 0.2-2015* The Cx Process for Existing
Sys.s and Assemblies
• Gdl 1.1-2007* HVAC&R Tech Requirements
for the Cx Process
• Gdl 1.2-2019 Tech Requirements for the Cx
Process for Existing HVAC&R Sys.s and
Assemblies
• Gdl 1.3-2018 Bldg O&M Training for the
HVAC&R Cx Process
• Gdl 1.4-2019 Preparing Systems Manuals for
Facilities
• Gdl 1.5-2017 The Cx Process for Smoke
Control Systems
• Gdl 1.6P (proposed) Cx of Data Centers
* = guidelines in the process of being
updated
7. • ANSI = American National Standards Institute
• Founded in 1918
• Facilitates development of American National Standards
(ANS) by “Standards Developing Organizations” (SDOs)
• ASHRAE = American Society of Heating, Refrigeration & Air-
Conditioning Engineers
• Founded in 1894
• ASHRAE is an ANSI accredited “Standards Developing
Organization”
• Standards must be developed, managed, maintained,
etc. in accordance with strict ANSI processes
• ASHRAE develops “Standards” & “Guidelines
ANSI & ASHRAE Standards
8. ASHRAE has many committees and sub-committees:
• TC = Technical Committee
• GPC = Guideline Project Committee
• Guidelines are not standards – they are recommendations
• Guidelines are typically considered “best practices”
• SPC = Standard Project Committee
• Standards are written in “mandatory” and “code-intended”
language suitable for incorporation into state/local code and
enforceable by Authorities Having Jurisdictions (AHJs)
• Standards set minimum acceptable practices
• SSPC = Standing Standard Project Committee
• Standards that are under “continual maintenance”
• Can be modified at anytime by incorporation of addendums
• Are periodically republished in their entirety (typ. every three
years)
ANSI & ASHRAE Standards
9. ASHRAE has Technical Committees (TC) associated with Mission
Critical Facilities and Building Commissioning:
▪ TC-9.9Mission Critical Facilities, Data Centers, Technology
Spaces & Electronic Equipment
▪ TC-7.9 Building Commissioning
▪ Guideline 0-2013 “The Commissioning Process”
▪ Guideline 1.1-2007 “HVAC&R Technical Requirements for
the Commissioning Process”
▪ Proposed guideline (GPC) 1.2 “The Commissioning
Process for Existing HVAC&R Systems”
▪ Proposed guideline(GPC) 1.6 “Commissioning Data
Centers”
ASHRAE Critical Facilities related Technical Committees
10. • ASHRAE also has Project Committees directly affecting Mission
Critical Facilities:
• SSPC-62.1 “Ventilation for Acceptable IAQ”
• SPC-189.1 “Standard for the Design of High Performance
Green Buildings”
• SPC-127 “Method of Testing for RatingAir Conditioning Units
Serving Data Center (DC) & Other Information Technology
Equipment (ITE) Spaces”
• SSPC-90.1 “Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise
Residential Buildings”
• SPC-90.4 “Energy Standard for Data Centers”
• GPC-1.6P “Commissioning Data Centers”
ASHRAE Critical Facilities related Project Committees
11. Types of Public Reviews
• Advisory Public Review (APR)
• All comments considered supportive
• No responses required
• Must go out for a Publication Public Review (ANSI
Requirement)
• Publication Public Review (PPR)
• Committee must respond to each comment unless decision
is to submit a revised draft for another full PPR
• Responses:
• Accepted (as submitted; w/minor change; in principle)
• Rejected (except as noted; rejected outright)
• Deferred (out-of-scope; late)
ASHRAE Standard Publication Development and Review Process
12. Types of Public Reviews - continued
• Independent Substantive Change (ISC) Public Review
• SPC submits a revised draft identifying the ISCs and
conducts a limited PPR
• Only comments addressing an ISC require a response
• SPC submits a revised draft via “Final Publication Submittal”
form
Final Approval Process
• ASHRAE Standards Committee votes to approve
• ASHRAE Board of Directors votes to approve
• Standard submitted by ASHRAE to ANSI for approval
• Standard submitted to the ICC (International Code Council) for
approval and adoption
ASHRAE Standard Publication Review Process
13. ASHRAE Commenting Process:
• Comment form on-line at: https://osr.ashrae.org/default.aspx
• You can submit new comments and you can comment on
committee responses to past comments
• “Supportive” comments do not require a response (ex.: “keep
up the good work”)
• “Non-supportive” without recommended change do not require
a response (ex.: “this standard is a waste of time”)
ASHRAE Process for Submitting Comments
14. ASHRAE Commenting Process:
• Automatic confirmation emails back from ASHRAE:
• Confirmation that your comment was received
• Notification that your comment was responded to
• Commenter reply to committee responses
• Commenter “checks” the response as:
• Resolved
• Response not accepted, but resolved to not delay
publication
• Unresolved; add supporting info and/or documents
ASHRAE Process for Submitting Comments
15. ASHRAE Commenting Process:
• Comments received are categorized as:
• Substantive Changes
• Alter the meaning of the material
• Affect the usage of the standard
• Updates to Normative References (mandatory &
incorporated by reference)
• Non-substantive Changes
• Updates to Informative References
• Corrected errata
• Punctuation, spelling, grammar, style, typos, etc.
• Add SI or IP values, a forward, informative references, or
informative annexes
ASHRAE Process for Submitting Comments
16. SPC-90.4 held the first committee
meeting on Jan 4th, 2013
• Chair of SPC-90.4 committee
was a previous president of
ASHRAE (Ron Jarnagin)
• SPC-90.4 committee includes
members of TC9.9, SPC-127,
SSPC 90.1 Mechanical
Subcommittee, and recognized
data center industry experts
(A&Es, GCs, vendors, etc.)
• ASHRAE staff “liaison” to ensure
ANSI process is followed
A Case Study - Development of Standard-90.4
17. • SPC-90.4 held dozens of meetings beginning in January 2013
• Initial draft released for first “publication public review”
(PPR) in Feb. 2015
• Over 660 comments received
• Revised draft submitted to ASHRAE for approval to
release for 2nd public review in Sept. 2015
• Over 170 comments received
• Revised draft submitted to ASHRAE for approval to
release for 3rd public review in Feb. 2016
• Over 110 comments received
• Revised draft submitted to ASHRAE for approval to
release for 4th public review in March. 2016
• 11 comments received
A Case Study - Development of Standard-90.4
18. • SPC-90.4 meeting on June 7th (9 days after the comment
window closed) addressed and responded to the 11
commenters from the 4th PPR.
• SPC-90.4 voted to approved the latest draft of Std-90.4 at the
face-to-face mtgs in St Louis on June 25th with several
“unresolved” comments.
• ASHRAE Board of Directors approved Std-90.4 for
publication on June 30th, 2016 (3-1/2 year process).
• The final “appeals window” closed on July 26th without any
appeals being submitted.
• Appeals can only be based on “process” and not on
“technical” objections.
A Case Study - Development of Standard-90.4
19. • Get familiar with what standards and guidelines exist
• Get familiar with which ASHRAE committees are
responsible for standards and guidelines of interest
• Apply for membership in committees that you want to
contribute to
• Committees try to get members from diverse
backgrounds and perspectives (engineering firms,
manufacturers, construction, etc.)
• Members can be “voting” or “non-voting” members
• No single entity can have more than 1 voting
member (ANSI requirement)
• Non-voting members who actively participate and
contribute work generally become likely
candidates for future voting member status
What Should You Do? Join a Committee!
20. • Sign-up for ASHRAE electronic notification of any formal
actions including PPRs for ASHRAE standards via “Linkserve”
on the ASHRAE website (https://www.ashrae.org/resources--
publications/free-resources/listserves)
• Submit comments to these standards when notified of proposed
changes via ASHRAE’s “Online Comment Database” (OCD).
• Submit proposed changes via ASHRAE’s website by
downloading, completing, and submitting the “Form for
Submittal of Proposed Change to ASHRAE Standards”
• These forms as well as instructions on how to submit can
be found at: https://www.ashrae.org/standards-research--
technology/standards--guidelines/continuous-maintenance
What Should You Do? Comment during Public Reviews!
21. What Should You Do? Sign Up to be Notified!
Anyone can comment.
Anyone interested in becoming
a member can apply online via
the ASHRAE website or email:
22. TC9.9 Datacom Book Series
• 2016 – IT Equipment Design Impact on Data Center Solutions
• 2015 – Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments, 4th Ed.
• 2015 – Server Efficiency—Metrics for Computer Servers & Storage
• 2014 – Data Center Design & Operation, 4th Ed.
• 2013 – Particulate & Gaseous Contamination in Data Environments, 2nd Ed.
• 2013 – Liquid Cooling Guidelines for Datacom Equipment Centers, 2nd Ed.
• 2013 – PUE: A Comprehensive Examination of the Metric
• 2012 – Datacom Equipment Power Trends & Cooling Applications, 2nd Ed.
• 2010 – Green Tips for Data Centers
• 2009 – Best Practices for Datacom Facility Energy Efficiency, 2nd Ed.
• 2009 – Structural & Vibration Guidelines for Datacom Equipment Centers
• 2008 – High Density Data Centers – Case Studies & Best Practices
ASHRAE TC9.9 Updates
23. 2015 – Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments, 4th Ed.
ASHRAE TC9.9 Updates
24. Thermal Management:
• 2016 Data Center Power Equipment Thermal Guidelines & Best Practices
• 2013 Networking Thermal Guidelines
• 2012 IT Equipment Thermal Management and Controls
• 2008 Environmental Guidelines for Datacom Equipment – Extended
Environmental Envelope
• Clarification to ASHRAE Thermal Guidelines
Gaseous and Particulate Contamination:
• 2011 Gaseous & Particulate Contamination Guidelines for Data Centers
• 2009 Contamination Guidelines for Data Centers
Data Center Storage Equipment:
• Data Center Storage Equipment Whitepaper
ASHRAE TC9.9 Updates - Whitepapers
25. Proposed Whitepapers:
• ITE Subcommittee is working on a whitepaper on Storage
Devices
• Including means to optimize terabytes/$$$
• Discusses effect of acoustics (fan noise) on hard drive
performance
• IT Equipment WaterCooling Design Guidelines & Best
Practices (Liquid Cooling) whitepaper
• Table of Contents and outline completed
• The related work will lead to the update of Datacom Book
4 – Liquid Cooling Guidelines for Datacom Equipment
Centers
ASHRAE TC9.9 Updates - Whitepapers
26. ASHRAE TC9.9 Sponsored Research
• Research Proj 1499 – The Effect of Humidity on Static Electricity
Induced Reliability Issues of ICT Equipment in Data Centers
• University of Missouri, Completed and Published
• Research Proj 1675 – Guidance for CFD Modeling of Data Centers
• Research Proj 1755 – Impact of Gaseous Contamination & High
Humidity on the Reliable Operation of IT Equipment in Data Centers
• Syracuse University, Scheduled for completion June 2018
• Research is progressing well, literature review phase completed
• Higher rates of corrosion being seen than anticipated
ASHRAE TC9.9 Updates - Research
27. FULL PROJECT LIFE CYCLE
COMMISSIONING
• Programming Phase
• OPR (owner’s Project Requirements)
• Design Phase
• Basis-of-Design (BOD)
• Construction Documents (CDs)
• Sequences-of-Operations (SOOs)
• Construction Phase
• Submittals
• Factory Tests (L1)
• Receiving, Storage and Installation
inspections (L2)
• Startup & Pre-Functional Tests (L3)
28. FULL PROJECT LIFE CYCLE
COMMISSIONING
• Acceptance Testing Phase
• Functional Performance Testing (L4)
• Integrated Systems Testing (L5)
• Operations & MaintenanceStaff Training
• Academics during construction
• Hands-On during Functional Testing
• Close-Out Documentation
• Record documents
• Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
• Sys Operations & Maintenance Manuals
(SOMMs)
• Final Cx Report
• Deferred Testing (Seasonal & Warranty)
29. THE COMMISSIONING TEAM
• The Owner
• The Architectural & Engineering (A&E) Firm
• The Commissioning Provider (CxP)
• The General Contractor (GC)
• Subcontractors (esp. MEP, FP&LS, and
BMS)
• Suppliers / Vendors
• Select Manufacturers
• Facilities Management Firm
• May be in-house or out-sourced
Note: ASHRAE recommends using the term Cx
Provider (CxP) vs Cx Agent (CxA) and has
revised their associated guidelines and standard
accordingly.
30. COMMISSIONING INSPECTION &
TESTING STRATEGY
ID and resolve issues as early as possible when
least impactful (schedule, cost and quality)
• Identify faulty components prior to shipping
(L1)
• Identify damaged deliveries prior to install (L2)
• Identify installation errors prior to startup (L3)
• Identify system level issues prior to integrated
systems testing(L4)
• Identify facility performance & reliability issues
prior to beginning facility occupancy &
operations (L5)
31. THE TEAM APPROACH
Slide / 31
• Commissioning requires the combined insight and expertise of
all project participants
• Design Engineers for design intent
• Manufacturers for failure modes & responses of equipment
• Installing Contractors for system interfaces
• Owner/O&M staff for long-term considerations
• CxP to lead, manage and implement the Cx Process
32. • In many regions “independent, 3rd-party commissioning”is still not
the norm
• Many such regions still rely on the engineer-of-record (EOR) and
general contractor (GC) to perform acceptance testing and other
Cx activities
• Some still have a “catch-me-if-you-can” approach where if the
CxP doesn’t catch the contractors cutting corners, then it’s the
CxP’s fault
• The trend is moving toward the formal commissioning process
• Many USA-based clients are requiring their international
locations to use the same processes that they use in the US
• Often these localities begin to embrace formal commissioning as
they see the benefits, and it spreads as “Cx Firms” start getting
formed.
• Formal commissioning becomes a “differentiator” from their
competition
Some International Observations
33. • Proposed Guideline GPC-1.6PCommissioning of Data Centers
• Sponsored/championed by ASHRAE TC 7.9 Building
Commissioning
• ASHRAE approved establishing new committee GPC-1.6
• Current roster includes representatives from:
ASHRAE GPC-1.6P Commissioning of Data Centers
• Engineered Air Balance Co.
• Newcomb & Boyd
• Hanson Professional Services
• Commtech
• CDML
• Critical CxE
• TiePoint-bkm Engineering
• Bureau Veritas Primary Integration
• Command Commissioning
• Commissioning Agents Inc
• DLB Associates
• Environmental Systems Design (ESD)
• DLR Group
• Burns & McDonnell
34. Proposed Guideline GPC-1.6PCommissioning of Data Centers
• ASHRAE BOD approved Title, Purpose and Scope:
• Purpose: This guideline provides technical support for the
application of the commissioning process to data centers.
• Scope: This guideline:
• Provides assistance in the application of Guideline 0
and/orASHRAE Standard 202 to data centers;
• Addresses Cx process issues that are particular to data
centers;
• Provides technical support for the Cx of data centers;
• Is intended for use with new construction and ongoing
commissioning efforts;
• Applies to data center support infrastructure– not to data
equipment and networks.
ASHRAE GPC-1.6P Commissioning of Data Centers
35. Proposed Guideline GPC-1.6PCommissioning of Data Centers
• Path forward
• Next scheduled committee meeting is scheduled for June
2020 at ASHRAE National Conference in Austin, Texas
• Additional candidates have been submitted for possible
inclusion on the committee
• Intent is for the guideline to be used in conjunction with other
Cx Guidelines and Standard 202
• A formal liaison established to coordinate with SSPC-90.4
Energy Standard for Data Centers
• A formal liaison established to coordinate with TC 9.9 Mission
Critical Facilities, Data Centers, Technology Spaces, and
Electronic Equip.
ASHRAE GPC-1.6P Cx of Data Centers
36. • There is a lot of information available from BCA at
www.bcxa.org
• The ASHRAE standards and guidelines can be found
at www.ashrae.org
• The info is available to anyone, but ASHRAE
members get reduced rates
More Info and Credits
37. DON’T FORGET
TO COMPLETE &
RETURN THE
EVALUATION
FORM
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS OPEN FORUM
Terry Rodgers,CPE, CPMP
ASHRAE DistinguishedLecturer
Vice President,Commissioning Services
Bureau Veritas Primary Integration,Inc.
trodgers@primaryintegration.com
704-765-4407