1) Archetypal criticism analyzes commonly recurring symbols and motifs in literature, mythology, and other creative works that are universally understood.
2) Northrop Frye categorized archetypes into four seasons that correspond to different genres - comedy with spring, romance with summer, tragedy with autumn, and satire with winter.
3) The document provides examples of common archetypes like the hero, outcast, scapegoat, star-crossed lovers, shrew, journey, and femme fatale and references how they appear across different works of literature.