After completion of this session, students should be able to discuss, identify, and describe: The anatomical factors predisposing to nerve injuries. The anatomy of deformity, weakness and sensory loss following the nerve injury. The applied anatomy of clinical examination for specific nerves. Surgical anatomy of treating nerve injuries.

1. Dr.AkramJaffar
Applied Anatomy of Nerve Injuries in the Upper LimbApplied Anatomy of Nerve Injuries in the Upper Limb
Axillary nerveAxillary nerve
Akram Jaffar, Ph.D.
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2. Dr.AkramJaffar
References and suggested reading
• Ellis H (2006): Clinical anatomy, A revision and applied anatomy for clinical students.
11th
Ed. Blackwell Publishing. Massachusetts
• Moore KL & Dalley AF (2006): Clinically oriented anatomy. 5th
ed. Lippincott Williams
& Wilkins. Baltimore
• Brust JCM (2007): Current Diagnosis & Treatment in Neurology. 2nd
ed. McGraw-Hill
Professional.

3. Dr.AkramJaffar
Objectives
After completion of this session, students should be able to discuss, identify, and describe:
– The anatomical factors predisposing to nerve injuries.
– The anatomy of deformity, weakness and sensory loss following the nerve injury.
– The applied anatomy of clinical examination for specific nerves.
– Surgical anatomy of treating nerve injuries.

4. Dr.AkramJaffar
Axillary nerve
• Origin and branches:
– Muscular: deltoid and
teres minor.
– Sensory: upper lateral
cutaneous nerve of the
arm.
• Testing.
deltoid
Resisted abduction of shoulder to test deltoid

5. Dr.AkramJaffar
Axillary nerve injury
• Results from fracture of the surgical neck of the
humerus and dislocation of the shoulder joint.
• Impossible to test the integrity of the axillary
nerve by testing the ability of deltoid to abduct
the arm because of severe pain
• The presence of a small area of lost or
diminished sensation over the inferior half of
deltoid enables the diagnosis of axillary nerve
injury to be made.
Surgical neck fracture
Shoulder dislocation

6. Dr.AkramJaffar
Axillary nerve injury
• Results from fracture of the surgical neck of the
humerus and dislocation of the shoulder joint.
• Impossible to test the integrity of the axillary
nerve by testing the ability of deltoid to abduct
the arm because of severe pain
• The presence of a small area of lost or
diminished sensation over the inferior half of
deltoid enables the diagnosis of axillary nerve
injury to be made.
Surgical neck fracture
Shoulder dislocation