This document discusses the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in managing urban traffic emissions and air quality. It provides background on GIS and describes how GIS software like ArcGIS can be used to analyze spatial data on air pollutants like nitrogen oxides (NOx). The document outlines approaches in GIS like developing emissions inventories, conducting buffer analysis around monitoring sites, and generating high resolution maps of pollutant distribution to help policymakers. References discussing the use of GIS in modeling pollutant dispersion and evaluating emission control strategies are also provided.

1. APPLICATION OF GIS IN URBAN
TRAFFIC EMISSION AND AIR
QUALITY MANAGEMENT

2. WHAT IS GIS ?
• GIS (geographical Information System) is a computer based tool to
capture, store, analyze, manage, manipulate and present the data that
are in spatial or geographical format. A geographic information system
(GIS) is a technological tool for comprehending geography and making
intelligent decisions.
• ArcGIS is a software used widely by researchers and engineers to
systematically analyze and handle the air quality and emission related
data which makes it easier for policy makers to understand and
implement legislation.

3. NOX
• Nitrogen Oxides (mainly NO and NO), or NOx, is the
generic term for a group of highly reactive gases, which
contain nitrogen and oxygen in various amounts and
chemical configurations. Most of the nitrogen oxides are
colorless and odorless.
• However, one very common pollutant, nitrogen dioxide
(NO2) along with other particles in the air can often be
seen as a reddish-brown layer of smog over many cities or
heavily populated areas.

4. SOURCES OF NOX
vehicles contribute between
30–75% of the total NO emissions
in urban areas

5. NOX AND HUMAN HEALTH
NO2 is one of the most reactive oxides of nitrogen.
• Reacts with oxygen and forms ground level ozone causing lung
cancer and resporatory illness
• Nox reacts with water and forms nitric acid which is
responsible for acid rains.
• NO and NO2 along with airborne particles cause visibility
impairment.

6. CURRENT SCENARIO
Due to rapid urbanization and population growth in recent years vehicular emission has
emerged as a big threat to the environment and human lives.

11. APPLICATIONS OF GIS
• GIS can help reducing decision making time by conducting
spatial analysis of suitable modelling and methodology.
• Traditionally, two general approaches to air pollution mapping
can be identifed:spatial interpolation and dispersion
modelling ( Briggs 1992) . The former uses statistical or other
methods to model the pollution surface, based upon
measurements atmonitoring sites. With the development of
GIS and geostatistical techniques in recent years, a wide range
of spatial interpolation methods have now become available

12. • GIS can link several
databases and layers and
generate high resolution
display of the distribution
and behavior of occurance

13. BUFFER ANALYSIS
• It is powerful tool to identify extract certain features in selected
georeferenced area within or outside the study area.

15. 100M AND 300M BUFFER AROUND MONITORING
SITE

16. APPROACH IN GIS
• identification, collection and categorization of emission
sources.
• Dividing the study area in suitable small grid to collect
input data for ArcGIS
• Executing the data and developing a digital map of the
study area
• Generating specially resolved map of the given study area
with embedded information of contribution of different
sources towards a specific pollutant i.e. NOx

17. Map digitization
Data collection
Emission inventory
development
Air quality simulation
for selected area
Generation of
spatially resolved
emission maps

18. REFERENCE
• Estimation of Automobile Emissions and Control Strategies in India ,UCI-ITS-WP-09-1, K.S. Nesamani, Institute of
Transportation Studies, Universit y of California, Irvine; Irvine, CA 92697-3600, U.S.A. , 2009
• URBAN AIR POLLUTION TREND IN INDIA - PRESENT SCENARIO Sateesh. N. Hosamane1, Dr.G.P.Desai2 Associate Professor,
Department of Biotechnology, KLE Dr.M.S.Sheshagiri College of Engineering and Technology, Belgaum-590008, Karnataka1.
,Associate Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Bapuji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Davanagere-
577304, Karnataka2
• Vehicular Emission Monitoring Using Internet GIS, GPS and Sensors
P. Partheeban 1+, R. Rani Hemamalini 2 and H. Prasad Raju 3 1 St. Peter’s College of Engineering and Technology, Avadi, Chennai,
India 2 Department of ECE, St. Peter’s College of Engineering and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, India, 3 Department of Civil
Engineering, St. Peter’s University, Avadi, Chennai, India
• USE OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ANALYZING VEHICLE EMISSIONS: ISTANBUL AS A CASE STUDY
M.Umit Gumusay a,*, Alper Unal b, Rukiye Aydın c a YTU, Civil Engineering Faculty, Department of Geodesy and
Photogrammetry Engineering, 34349, Besiktas, Istanbul, Turkey, gumusay@yildiz.edu.tr b EMBARQ, WRI Center for Sustainable
Transport, WASHINGTON, DC, USA c Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, Department of Geographical Information System,
34173, Gungoren, Istanbul, Turkey, rukiye.aydin@ibb.gov.tr

19. • Development of GIS-aided Emission Inventory of Air Pollutants for an Urban Environment
Sailesh N. Behera1, Mukesh Sharma1, Onkar Dikshit1 and S.P. Shukla2 1Department of Civil Engineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 2Department of Civil Engineering, Institute of Engineering and
Technology, Lucknow India
• GIS-Based Emission Inventory, Dispersion Modeling, and Assessment for Source Contributions of Particulate
Matter in an Urban Environment
Sailesh N. Behera & Mukesh Sharma & Onkar Dikshit & S. P. Shukla
• Development and Evaluation of Control Strategies for Reduction of Ambient PM10 Levels in Urban
Environment: Application of GIS and Dispersion Modeling Sailesh N. Behera1, Jayprakash Rout2, Mukesh
Sharma3 And Prashant Gargava4 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NUS- 117411,
Singapore 2Wipro Technologies, Bangalore- 560035, India 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Kanpur- 208016, India 4Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi -110032, India

20. • Sailesh N. Behera , Mukesh Sharma , Pranati Nayak , Sheo Prasad Shukla & Prashant Gargava (2014) An
approach for evaluation of proposed air pollution control strategy to reduce levels of nitrogen oxides in
an urban environment, Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 57:4, 467-494, DOI:
10.1080/09640568.2012.750600
• Combustion bulletin 2013, By: Michael Biarnes In collaboration with: Bill Freed and Jason Esteves
E Instruments International LLC - www.E-Inst.com
• DAVID J. BRIGGS , SUSAN COLLINS , PAUL ELLIOTT , PAUL FISCHER , SIMON KINGHAM , ERIK LEBRET ,
KAREL PRYL , HANS VAN REEUWIJK , KIRSTY SMALLBONE & ANDRE VAN DER VEEN (1997) Mapping
urban air pollution using GIS: a regression-based approach, International Journal of Geographical
Information Science, 11:7, 699-718, DOI: 10.1080/136588197242158
• http://ehjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1476-069X-10-12

21. THANK YOU