Destination selection is one of the most become an extremely popular. Sometimes the terms tourism and tourism are used pejoratively to indicate a shallow interest in the societies or islands that traveler's tour. This system presents the use of fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS for deciding on the selection of destination as like the selection of island. In this system, eight countries that include in South East Asia Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippine, Vietnam, Cambodia, Brunei are used. At first, the user can choose the specific country to decide the island of these countries and their preferences attraction, environment, accommodation, transportation, restaurant, activity, entertainment and other facilities are taken as inputs and then display the list of alternatives that matched with user's preferences. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is used in determining the weight of criteria and alternatives. Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution TOPSIS method is used for determining the final ranking of the alternatives. Finally, this system shows the list of destinations depend on user's preferences. Hnin Min Oo | Su Hlaing Hnin "Application of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and TOPSIS Methods for Destination Selection" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27975.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/data-processing/27975/application-of-fuzzy-analytic-hierarchy-process-and-topsis-methods-for-destination-selection/hnin-min-oo
Experience Mazda Zoom Zoom Lifestyle and Culture by Visiting and joining the Official Mazda Community at http://www.MazdaCommunity.org for additional insight into the Zoom Zoom Lifestyle and special offers for Mazda Community Members. If you live in Arizona, check out CardinaleWay Mazda's eCommerce website at http://www.Cardinale-Way-Mazda.com
Decision Making Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP); A Step by Step A...Hamed Taherdoost
Analytical Hierarchy Process is one of the most inclusive system which is considered to make decisions with multiple criteria because this method gives to formulate the problem as a hierarchical and believe a mixture of quantitative and qualitative criteria as well. This presentation summarizes the process of conducting Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).
Experience Mazda Zoom Zoom Lifestyle and Culture by Visiting and joining the Official Mazda Community at http://www.MazdaCommunity.org for additional insight into the Zoom Zoom Lifestyle and special offers for Mazda Community Members. If you live in Arizona, check out CardinaleWay Mazda's eCommerce website at http://www.Cardinale-Way-Mazda.com
Decision Making Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP); A Step by Step A...Hamed Taherdoost
Analytical Hierarchy Process is one of the most inclusive system which is considered to make decisions with multiple criteria because this method gives to formulate the problem as a hierarchical and believe a mixture of quantitative and qualitative criteria as well. This presentation summarizes the process of conducting Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).
This is a special type of LPP in which the objective function is to find the optimum allocation of a number of tasks (jobs) to an equal number of facilities (persons). Here we make the assumption that each person can perform each job but with varying degree of efficiency. For example, a departmental head may have 4 persons available for assignment and 4 jobs to fill. Then his interest is to find the best assignment which will be in the best interest of the department.
An introduction on PROMETHEE for the students is provided.This PPT will try to explain the steps required to make a decision with the help of the method. Promethee is an outranking MCDM method.How to take a decision with the help of PROMETHEE Outranking MCDM technique ??
Different layouts for various manufacturing systems
3 three basic types of layout:
Process layout
Product layout
Fixed-Position layout
3 hybrid layouts:
Cellular Manufacturing
Flexible Manufacturing Systems
Mixed-model Assembly Lines
Predicting Cab Booking Cancellations- Data Mining Projectraj
The project report is on a project where we 'predict whether a cab booking cancellation will get classified properly'. The dataset is about a cab company based in Bangalore. The name of the cab company is YourCabs.com. The data set was taken from Kaggle.com. The topic deals with the cost, the company incurs in terms of misclassifying the cab cancellations as not cancelled. Thus, we understand that this classification task takes into consideration the misclassification costs. We need to obtain the lowest average cost of booking. Our analysis is also a case where one class is more important than the other i.e., one misclassification error is important than the other.
Linear Programming is a vital section of Mathematics which allows you to obtain the optimal solution (i.e Maximum Profit or Lowest Cost) of a mathematical model where the requirements of the problem are given by linear relationships.
In addition to its vast number of real world applications, Linear Programming can also be used to determine the optimal number of workers that should be used in a given instance. Here, we have been asked to determine the workforce scheduling roster of a nursing staff so as to minimize the cost of labor (while adhering to constraints)
This presentation gives an insight on how Linear Programming techniques can be used to achieve our goal.
Linear regression with gradient descentSuraj Parmar
Intro to the very popular optimization Technique(Gradient descent) with linear regression . Linear regression with Gradient descent on www.landofai.com
4313ijmvsc02A FUZZY AHP APPROACH FOR SUPPLIER SELECTION PROBLEM: A CASE STUDY...ijmvsc
Supplier selection is one of the most important functions of a purchasing department. Since by deciding the best supplier, companies can save material costs and increase competitive advantage. However this decision becomes complicated in case of multiple suppliers, multiple conflicting criteria, and imprecise parameters. In addition the uncertainty and vagueness of the experts’ opinion is the prominent characteristic of the problem. Therefore an extensively used multi criteria decision making tool Fuzzy AHP can be utilized as an approach for supplier selection problem. This paper reveals the application of Fuzzy AHP in a gear motor company determining the best supplier with respect to selected criteria. The contribution of this study is not only the application of the Fuzzy AHP methodology for supplier selection problem, but also releasing a comprehensive literature review of multi criteria decision making problems. In addition by stating the steps of Fuzzy AHP clearly and numerically, this study can be a guide of the methodology to be implemented to other multiple criteria decision making problems.
This is a special type of LPP in which the objective function is to find the optimum allocation of a number of tasks (jobs) to an equal number of facilities (persons). Here we make the assumption that each person can perform each job but with varying degree of efficiency. For example, a departmental head may have 4 persons available for assignment and 4 jobs to fill. Then his interest is to find the best assignment which will be in the best interest of the department.
An introduction on PROMETHEE for the students is provided.This PPT will try to explain the steps required to make a decision with the help of the method. Promethee is an outranking MCDM method.How to take a decision with the help of PROMETHEE Outranking MCDM technique ??
Different layouts for various manufacturing systems
3 three basic types of layout:
Process layout
Product layout
Fixed-Position layout
3 hybrid layouts:
Cellular Manufacturing
Flexible Manufacturing Systems
Mixed-model Assembly Lines
Predicting Cab Booking Cancellations- Data Mining Projectraj
The project report is on a project where we 'predict whether a cab booking cancellation will get classified properly'. The dataset is about a cab company based in Bangalore. The name of the cab company is YourCabs.com. The data set was taken from Kaggle.com. The topic deals with the cost, the company incurs in terms of misclassifying the cab cancellations as not cancelled. Thus, we understand that this classification task takes into consideration the misclassification costs. We need to obtain the lowest average cost of booking. Our analysis is also a case where one class is more important than the other i.e., one misclassification error is important than the other.
Linear Programming is a vital section of Mathematics which allows you to obtain the optimal solution (i.e Maximum Profit or Lowest Cost) of a mathematical model where the requirements of the problem are given by linear relationships.
In addition to its vast number of real world applications, Linear Programming can also be used to determine the optimal number of workers that should be used in a given instance. Here, we have been asked to determine the workforce scheduling roster of a nursing staff so as to minimize the cost of labor (while adhering to constraints)
This presentation gives an insight on how Linear Programming techniques can be used to achieve our goal.
Linear regression with gradient descentSuraj Parmar
Intro to the very popular optimization Technique(Gradient descent) with linear regression . Linear regression with Gradient descent on www.landofai.com
4313ijmvsc02A FUZZY AHP APPROACH FOR SUPPLIER SELECTION PROBLEM: A CASE STUDY...ijmvsc
Supplier selection is one of the most important functions of a purchasing department. Since by deciding the best supplier, companies can save material costs and increase competitive advantage. However this decision becomes complicated in case of multiple suppliers, multiple conflicting criteria, and imprecise parameters. In addition the uncertainty and vagueness of the experts’ opinion is the prominent characteristic of the problem. Therefore an extensively used multi criteria decision making tool Fuzzy AHP can be utilized as an approach for supplier selection problem. This paper reveals the application of Fuzzy AHP in a gear motor company determining the best supplier with respect to selected criteria. The contribution of this study is not only the application of the Fuzzy AHP methodology for supplier selection problem, but also releasing a comprehensive literature review of multi criteria decision making problems. In addition by stating the steps of Fuzzy AHP clearly and numerically, this study can be a guide of the methodology to be implemented to other multiple criteria decision making problems.
Application of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for selection of forecast...Gurdal Ertek
In this paper, we described an application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for the ranking and selection of forecasting software. AHP is a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach, which is based on the pair-wise comparison
of elements of a given set with respect to multiple criteria. Even though there are applications of the AHP to software selection problems, we have not encountered a study that involves forecasting software. We started our analysis by filtering
among forecasting software that were found on the Internet by undergraduate students as a part of a course project. Then we processed a second filtering step, where we reduced the number of software to be examined even further. Finally we
constructed the comparison matrices based upon the evaluations of three “semiexperts”, and obtained a ranking of forecasting software of the selected software using the Expert Choice software. We report our findings and our insights, together with the results of a sensitivity analysis.
http://research.sabanciuniv.edu.
Multi Criteria Decision Making Methodology on Selection of a Student for All ...ijtsrd
Selecting a student for all round excellent award is based on a complex, elaborate combination of abilities and skills. A multi criteria Decision Making method, AHP is used to help in making decision consistently by doing a pairwise comparison matrix process between criteria based on selected alternatives and determining the priority order of criteria and alternatives used. The results of these calculations are used to determine the outstanding student receiving a scholarship based on the final results of the AHP method calculation. The results demonstrated that the student ranking is more likely influenced by the relative importance of management, leadership and motivation by sub criteria, education, cooperation, innovation, disciplinary, attendance, knowledge, sports activity, social activity and awards. Kyi Kyi Mynit "Multi Criteria Decision Making Methodology on Selection of a Student for All Round Excellent Award" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26428.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/research-method/26428/multi-criteria-decision-making-methodology-on-selection-of-a-student-for-all-round-excellent-award/kyi-kyi-mynit
MCDM Techniques for the Selection of Material Handling Equipment in the Autom...IJMER
Abstract: Material Handling Equipments are utilized in different shops of an automobile industry.
For culling congruous Material Handling Equipment, it is felt that some Multi Criteria Decision
Making Methods must be used due to their ability of converting an intricate quandary to a paired
comparison. These methods are predicated on some relative Criteria and Sub-criteria. Certain
methods such as; Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), and
Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) Method have to be utilized
for solving the quandary of Material Handling Equipment cull in different shops of automobile
industry. For solving these quandaries, some criteria (Material, Move, and Method) are culled.
The main conclusions drawn from this study are that, Method criteria is more consequential for
culling Material Handling Equipment, and Conveyor System is more efficient and precise Equipment
for Handling the Material in shop floor of any automobile industry. The focus of this research is in
the area of Cull of Material Handling Equipment in automobile industry. Cull of congruous Material
Handling Equipment is very paramount for reducing manufacturing cycle time, and cost of
manufacturing.
MCDM Techniques for the Selection of Material Handling Equipment in the Autom...IJMER
Material Handling Equipments are utilized in different shops of an automobile industry.
For culling congruous Material Handling Equipment, it is felt that some Multi Criteria Decision
Making Methods must be used due to their ability of converting an intricate quandary to a paired
comparison. These methods are predicated on some relative Criteria and Sub-criteria. Certain
methods such as; Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), and
Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) Method have to be utilized
for solving the quandary of Material Handling Equipment cull in different shops of automobile
industry. For solving these quandaries, some criteria (Material, Move, and Method) are culled.
The main conclusions drawn from this study are that, Method criteria is more consequential for
culling Material Handling Equipment, and Conveyor System is more efficient and precise Equipment
for Handling the Material in shop floor of any automobile industry. The focus of this research is in
the area of Cull of Material Handling Equipment in automobile industry. Cull of congruous Material
Handling Equipment is very paramount for reducing manufacturing cycle time, and cost of
manufacturing
Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS as an effective and powerful Multi-Criteria Decisi...nitinrane33
This research suggests a robust and effective selection process that involves subjective judgments by applying two fuzzy-based multi-criteria decision-making methods, namely the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) and the Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (Fuzzy TOPSIS). These methods incorporate fuzzy set theory into traditional AHP and TOPSIS methods to handle uncertain criteria weights and evaluation scores. The Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS techniques are particularly appropriate for selection processes that involve subjective evaluations and uncertainty. These methods are well-equipped to handle imprecise and uncertain information and can effectively deal with the complexity of multi-criteria decision-making problems. One of the significant advantages of these methods is their capacity to address both quantitative and qualitative criteria. By utilizing fuzzy set theory, these methods can integrate subjective criteria and expert judgments that may not be expressed in numerical values. Additionally, the Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS approaches provide a methodical and structured approach to decision-making that guarantees consistency and transparency. This article offers a comprehensive theoretical framework of the Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS methods and presents their application in selecting the best candidate for a job position. The findings indicate that this approach is valuable in handling subjective judgments and produces consistent and dependable outcomes. The article concludes by discussing the method's benefits and drawbacks and highlighting areas for future research.
A Model of Hybrid Approach for FAHP and TOPSIS with Supporting by DSSIJERA Editor
Nowadays major decision are introduced as a milestone in the life of organizations. The purpose of this paper is
to provide a hybrid model to decide the optimal way of solving problems based on fuzzy AHP (FAHP) and
prioritization techniques based on similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and support the model using decision
support system.Theresults ofeachcasewill be consideredseparately and the result ofthe combinedapproachis
shown. The output of the combination approach can prove due to its high power. Application of our model to
different organizationsand companies show a fine improvement and fair agreement for output proficiency of the
systems.
Study to investigate which analysis is the best equipped to understand how co...Charm Rammandala
The purpose of this study is to identify the best method of analysis to deploy to understand how consumers develop preferences for products or services using combination of different attributes.
After conducting a detailed literature review, it was proven that conjoint analysis is the best method to associate for the type of research needed to be carry-out. This study take an in-depth look in to the conjoint analysis method to understand how it use to achieve the intended results
A BENCHMARK MODEL FOR INTERNAL ASSESSMENT OF INDUSTRY USING FUZZY TOPSIS APPR...ijmech
Internal assessment is one of the most important factor of an industry, needs appropriate improvement
planning between the departments with development of Benchmark model among them. The proposed study
applies Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution to rank different alternatives.
The preliminary results indicate that the proposed model is capable of determining appropriate
competition between departments which are Human Resource, Finance, Production, Quality Assurance. To
remove the subjectivity, the linguistic data about the attributes is converted into a crisp score by using
fuzzy numbers and then the different alternatives are evaluated based on attributes by TOPSIS approach to
find the best alternative according to the industry’s requirement. Thus the endeavor has been made by the
authors to give a simple model for the evaluation of internal assessment of an industry
The sarcasm detection with the method of logistic regressionEditorIJAERD
The prediction analysis is approach which may predict future possibilities. This research work is based on the
sarcasm detection from the text data. In the previous time SVM classification is applied for the sarcasm detection. The SVM
classifier classifies data based on the hyper plane which give low accuracy. To improve accuracy for sarcasm detection
logistic regression is applied during this work. The existing and proposed techniques are implemented in python and results
are analysed in terms of accuracy, execution time. The proposed approach has high accuracy and low execution time as
compared to SVM classifier for sarcasm detection.
Research design decisions and be competent in the process of reliable data co...Stats Statswork
Research Design may be described as the researchers scheme of outlining the flow of his project. It is based on research design, that the researcher goes about gathering data to answer his research question. It enables the researcher to prioritize his work, create better questionnaires and arrive at conclusions with greater clarity. Statswork offers statistical services as per the requirements of the customers. When you Order statistical Services at Statswork, we promise you the following – Always on Time, outstanding customer support, and High-quality Subject Matter Experts.
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Selection of Equipment by Using Saw and Vikor Methods IJERA Editor
Now a days, Lean manufacturing becomes a key strategy for global competition. In this environment the most important process is the selection of the equipment. Equipment selection is a very important issue for effective manufacturing companies due to the fact that improperly selected machines can negatively affect the overall performance of manufacturing system. The availability of large number of equipments are more hence, the selection of suitable equipment for certain operation/ product becomes difficult. On the other hand selecting the best equipment among many alternatives is a Multi-criteria decision making ( MCDM ) Problems. In this Paper an approach which employs SAW, VIKOR Methods proposed for the equipment selection problem. The SAW and VIKOR is used to analyze the structure of the equipment selection problem and to determine weights of criteria and to obtain Final Ranking
FGIC2019FGIC 2nd Conference on Governance and Integrity 2019ChereCheek752
FGIC2019
FGIC 2nd Conference on Governance and Integrity 2019
Volume 2019
Conference Paper
An Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach in
Decision-Making for Material Selection in an
Automotive Company: A Case Study
Cheng Jack Kie, Ahmed Khalif Hassan, Norhana Mohd Aripin, and Rafiuddin
Mohd Yunus
Faculty of Industrial Management, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300
Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang
Abstract
This study is an approach to investigate and to choose the suitable material for the
fabrication of tools trolley to ensure the good quality of the product. The project team
of an automotive manufacturing company is planning to fabricate 100 sets of tools
trolley in the assembly shop. This study was developed to describe an approach based
on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) that can assist decision-makers and continuous
improvement engineers in determining the most suitable material to be employed in
fabrication process at the early stage of the product development to reduce the cost.
The selected main criteria are Material Strength, Material Cost, Procurement Lead Time
and Duration of Fabrication Process while the four materials that will be considered in
this study are Aluminium, Steel Tube, and Square Tube. Finally, the results show that
Square Tube is recommended as the most suitable material for the in-house tools for
trolley fabrication.
Keywords: analytic hierarchy process, decision-making, continuous improvement,
fabrication process.
1. Introduction
Material process selection is a method to determine the most suitable material to
fabricate a product. Many researchers have agreed on the importance of material
selection process, especially during the early stage of the product development phase.
Determining the most suitable and appropriate material in the early stage can avoid
additional cost if changes are needed to be carried out after the early stage of the
product development process (Ravisankar, Balasubramanian & Muralidharan, 2004).
However, it is a difficult task with a complex decision because various factors have to
be considered during the process.
Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a tool that can be used at the conceptual
design stage in the product development process (Hambali et al., 2010; Subramanian &
How to cite this article: Cheng Jack Kie, Ahmed Khalif Hassan, Norhana Mohd Aripin, and Rafiuddin Mohd Yunus, (2019), “An Analytic Hierarchy
Process Approach in Decision-Making for Material Selection in an Automotive Company: A Case Study” in FGIC 2nd Conference on Governance
and Integrity 2019, KnE Social Sciences, pages 472–484. DOI 10.18502/kss.v3i22.5067
Page 472
Corresponding Author:
Cheng Jack Kie
[email protected]
Received: 5 August 2019
Accepted: 14 August 2019
Published: 18 August 2019
Publishing services provided by
Knowledge E
Cheng Jack Kie et al. This
article is distributed under the
terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use and
redistribu ...
1 DERIVING CONSENSUS RANKINGS VIA MULTICRITERIA DECISIO.docxtarifarmarie
1
DERIVING CONSENSUS RANKINGS VIA MULTICRITERIA DECISION MAKING
METHODOLOGY
1AmyPoh. AL, 2M. N. Saludin, 1M. Mukaidono
1Faculty of Science and Technology, Meiji University
2Faculty of Management & Defense Study, National Defense University of Malaysia
ABSTRACT
Purpose – This paper takes a cautionary stance to the impact of marketing mix on customer satisfaction, via a case study deriving
consensus rankings for benchmarking on selected retail stores in Malaysia.
Design/methodology/approach – ELECTRE I model is used in deriving consensus rankings via multicriteria decision making
method for benchmarking base on the marketing mix model 4Ps. Descriptive analysis is used to analyze the best practice among the
four marketing tactics.
Findings – Outranking methods in consequence constitute a strong base on which to found the entire structure of the behavioral
theory of benchmarking applied to development of marketing strategy.
Research limitations/implications – This study has looked only at a limited part of the puzzle of how consumer satisfaction
translates into behavioral outcomes.
Practical implications – The study provides managers with guidance on how to generate rough outline of potential marketing
activities that can be used to take advantage of capabilities and convert weaknesses and threats.
Originality/value – This paper interestingly portrays the effective usage of multicriteria decision making and ranking method to help
marketing manager predict their marketing trend.
Keywords: Marketing mix, Customer satisfaction, Retailing, Benchmarking, Multicriteria decision-making, ELECTRE I method
Type of paper: Research Paper
http://www.upnm.my/
http://www.upnm.my/
2
1. INTRODUCTION
With increasing globalization, local retailers find themselves having to compete with large foreign players
by targeting niche markets. To excel and flaunt as a market leader in an ultramodern era and a globalize
world, the organizations must strive to harvest from its marketing strategies, benchmarking and company
quality policy.
Ranking and selecting projects is a relatively common, yet often difficult task. It is complicated because
there is usually more than one dimension for measuring the impact of each criteria and more than one
decision maker. This paper considers a real application of project selection for the marketing mix element,
using an approach called ELECTRE.
The ELECTRE method has several unique features not found in other solution methods; these are the
concepts of outranking and indifference and preference thresholds. The ELECTRE method applied to the
project selection problem using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) application.
Our contribution is to show the potential of Marketing mix model in deriving a consensus ranking for
benchmarking. According to the feedback from the respondents, we dynamically rank out the best element
to be be.
Similar to Application of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and TOPSIS Methods for Destination Selection (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD27975 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 5 | July - August 2019 Page 2405
AHP is implemented in the software of Expert Choice and it
has been applied in a variety of decisions and planning
projects in nearly 20 countries. In AHP a problem is
structured as a hierarchy [8].Thesehierarchical orders assist
simplify the problem's illustration and take it to a more
readily accepted situation. The weights of the components
are calculated at each hierarchical stage. Considering the
weights of criteria and options, the choice on the final
objective is produced.
Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP)
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was commonly used
to fix decision-making issues with multiple criteria.
However, due to vagueness and instability in the judgement
of the decision-maker, a crisp, pair-wise comparison with a
standard AHP may not be able to correctly capture the
judgment of the decision-makers (Ayag2005).Thepair-wise
comparison is created in standard AHP using a nine-point
scale that transforms human preferences as similarly,
moderately, heavily, very heavily or highly preferred
between accessible options. Although AHP's discrete scale
has the benefits of simplicity and ease of use,theuncertainty
associated with mapping one's view to a number [ 077823 ]
is not sufficient to take into consideration. AHP's purpose is
to capture the knowledge of the expert, but the Normal AHP
still cannot reflect the style of human thinking, so the Fuzzy
AHP has been adapted to solve the hierarchical fuzzy issues
(Kahraman, Cebeci et al. 2004) [ STRENGTH].Consequently,
in the pair-wise comparison, fuzzy logic is implemented to
address the defect in the traditional AHP [077823]. In 1983,
Laarhoven and Pedrycz introduced the Fuzzy Analytic
Hierarchy Process, a combination of Analytic Hierarchy
Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Theory [EJSR]. This is called the
Fuzzy AHP. The linguistic evaluation ofhumanemotions and
opinions is vague and in terms of accurate figures it is not
appropriate to describe it. It is more comfortable for
decision-makers to give interval decisions than fixed-value
judgments. Therefore, in fuzzy AHP (Chan & Kumar 2005)
[9], triangular fuzzy numbers are used to determine the
priority of one choice variable over another.
The steps of this FAHP-based study are as follows:
Determine problems: : Determine the present decision
issues that need to be resolved in order to guarantee
right future analyzes; this study addressed "the
assessment criteria for verifying customer selection
criteria".
Set up hierarchy architecture: Determine the
assessment criteria with indexes as the FAHP criteria
layer. Reading literature can identify appropriate
requirements and feasible systems for the choice of
assessment criteria. Through FDM investigating the
opinions of experts, this study screened the significant
factors that conform to target issues to establish the
hierarchy architecture.
Develop matrices for pair comparison among all the
elements / criteria in the hierarchy system dimensions.
Assign linguistic terms to the comparisons between
pairs by questioning which of the two dimensions is the
most significant.
Fuzzy AHP is an effective instrument for dealing with the
fuzziness of the information involved in selecting the
preferences of various factors of choice. In the form of
triangular fuzzy numbers, the comparisons generatedby the
specialist are described to develop fuzzy pair-wise matrices
(Ghodsypour & O'Brien 1998). Using FAHP, we can manage
the fuzziness of the information involved in choosing the
best supplier effectively. In the multi-attribute decision
making problems, it can handle both qualitative and
quantitative data effectively and it is easiertounderstand.In
this strategy, triangular fuzzy numbers are used for one
criterion's preferences over another, and then the synthetic
extent value of the pair-wise comparison is calculated using
the technique of extent assessment. The weight vectors are
determined and normalized based on this strategy. As a
consequence, the final priority weights of the alternative
suppliers are chosen based on the distinctweights ofcriteria
and characteristics. The supplier with the highest weight
would have the greatest priority [9].would be given to the
supplier with highest weight [9].
Comparison of AHP and Fuzzy-AHP
Due to Saaty (1980), the Analytic HierarchyProcess (AHP) is
often referred to as the Saaty method. The AHP's primary
benefit is its capacity to rank decisions in order of their
efficacy in achieving conflicting goals.The AHP's primary
benefit is its capacity to rank decisions in order of their
efficacy in achieving conflicting goals. It is easy to view the
fuzzy AHP technique as an advanced analytical method
derived from the traditional AHP. DespiteAHP's flexibilityin
managing bothquantitative andqualitativecriteria formulti-
criteria policy-making issues based on the assessments of
decision-makers, the flexibility and vagueness involved in
many decision-making issues can lead to decision-makers'
imprecise decisions in standard AHP methods.
METHODOLOGY
This system is implemented to select the destination as like
the island selection using Fuzzy-AHP andTOPSISmethod.At
first, there are eight countries (Thailand, Singapore,
Malaysia, Cambodia, Brunei, Indonesia, Philippine and
Vietnam) for tourists.There aresevenfamous islands in each
country. So, many criteria are needed to consider for
tourism. In this thesis, there are eight criteria that need to
consider choosing the best island for tourism. Fuzzy-AHP
method is used to get the weight of the islands bycalculating
upon these criteria. Inordertoincorporateuncertainties and
vagueness in decision making Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy
(FAHP) approach is extended with TOPSIS approach, where
different decision makers (DM’s)opinionwas considered for
ranking the islands. Figure 1 shows the systemflowdiagram
of this system.
Fig. 1 System Flow Diagram
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Define Criteria
The general decision making process include four steps.
1. Defining decision objectives
2. Determining feasible alternatives
3. Evaluating the alternatives
4. Select and implement the best alternative
This system uses eight criteria for decision making.Theyare
attraction, environment, accommodation, transportation,
restaurant, activity, entertainment and other facilities (C1,
C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8) respectively.
Fig.2 A Hierarchical Structure of the Oversea Island
Selection
Constructing Pair Wise Comparison Using Eight Criteria
At first, the user needs to select the comparison between
eight criteria such as equal important, moderate important,
strong important, demonstrated important and extreme
important. Equal important is equal to the number 1,1,3,
moderate important is 1,3,5, strong important is 3,5,7,
demonstrated important is 5,7,9 and extreme important is
7,9,9. According to decision maker’s preferences forcriteria,
pairwise comparison values aretransformedinto TFN’s asin
Table 2.
The AHP only uses the pair-wise comparison matrix to
evaluate ambiguity in multi-criteria decision-making
problems.
Let C1, C2, …, Cn denote the set of elements, while aij
represents a quantified judgment on a pairofelementsCi,Cj.
The relative importance of two elements is rated using a
scale with the values 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9, where 1 denotes
equally important, 3 for weak importance of one over
another, 5 for essential or strong importance, 7 for very
strong importance, and 9 for extremely preferred. Table 1
shows the pairwise comparison of user’s preference.
Computational Procedure for TOPSIS Method
TOPSIS is one of the very simple and easy to apply Multi
Attribute Decision Making methods, so it is used when the
user desires a simplified weighting strategy. The TOPSIS
method is expressed in a succession of seven steps as
follows:
TABLE I. PAIRWISE COMPARISON OF USER’S PREFERENCE
Criteria C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8
C1 1, 1, 1 5, 7, 9 7, 9, 9 1 , 3, 5 3, 5, 7 1, 1 ,3 5, 7 ,9 3, 5, 7
C2 1/9, 1/7 ,1/5 1, 1, 1 3, 5, 7 1, 1, 3 1, 1, 3 1, 3, 5 1, 3 ,5 1, 1 ,3
C3 1/9, 1/9 ,1/7 1/7,1/5,1/3 1, 1, 1 1, 1, 3 1, 3, 5 1/7,1/5, 1/3 1/5,1/ 3, 1 1, 1, 3
C4 1/5, 1/3 ,1 1/3, 1, 1 1/3, 1, 1 1, 1, 1 1, 3, 5 1/5, 1/3, 1 1/5, 1/3 ,1 1, 1, 3
C5 1/7, 1/5, 1/3 1/3, 1, 1 1/5, 1/3 ,1 1/5, 1/3 ,1 1, 1, 1 1/9, 1/7, 1/5 1/7, 1/5 ,1/3 1/5, 1/3, 1
C6 1/3, 1, 1 1/5, 1/3 ,1 3, 5, 7 1, 3, 5 5, 7 , 9 1, 1, 1 1, 3, 5 5, 7, 9
C7 1/9, 1/7 ,1/5 1/5, 1/3, 1 1, 3, 5 1, 3, 5 3, 5, 7 1/5, 1/3 ,1 1, 1, 1 3, 5, 7
C8 1/7, 1/5 ,1/3 1/3, 1, 1 1/3, 1, 1 1/7, 1/5 ,1/3 1, 3, 5 1/9, 1/7 ,1/5 1/7, 1/5, 1/3 1, 1, 1
Step1: Establish a decision matrix for the ranking. The
structure of the matrix can be expressed as follows:
The problem can be described by following sets:
Ai denotes the alternatives i , i = 1,2,..., m .
Fj represents jth criteria, related to ith alternative; and cij is
a crisp value indicating the performance rating of each
alternative Ai with respect to each criteria Fj.
Step2: Calculate the normalized decision matrix.
The normalized value rij is calculated as:
where j denotes 1,2,..., J and i denotes 1,2,..., n .
Step3: The weighted normalized decision matrix is
calculated by multiplying the normalized decision matrixby
its associated weights. The weighted normalized value vij is
calculated as:
vij= wij* rij, j= 1,2,..., J, i= 1,2,...,n;
where wj .represents the weight of the jth criteria.
A *= { v1* , v2*,…, vn* }
For minimum values,
A- = { v1- ,v2-,…, vn-}
Step5: Calculate the separation measures, using the m-
dimensional Euclidean distance. The distance of each
alternative from PIS and NIS are calculated.
Step4: Positive ideal solution (PIS) and negative ideal
solution (NIS) are calculated as follows: For maximum
values,
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Step 6: Calculate the relative closeness to the ideal solution
and rank the alternatives in descendingorder. Thecloseness
coefficient of each alternative is calculated:
where the index value of CCi lies between 0 and 1.Thelarger
the index value, the better performance of the alternatives.
Step 7: Rank preference order. By comparing CCi values, the
ranking of alternatives is determined.
Figure 3 illustrates the hierarchical structure for selecting
extent travel destination and Table 2 shows the value of
fuzzy synthetic extent for each criteria.
Fig. 3 Hierarchical Structure for Selecting Travel
Destination
TABLEII. THE VALUE OF FUZZY SYNTHETIC EXTENT
FOR EACH CRITERIA
SC1 0.1374, 0.2982, 0.6447
SC2 0.0481, 0.1189, 0.3507
SC3 0.0243, 0.0537, 0.1781
SC4 0.0331,0.942,0.2321
SC5 0.0123,0.0278,0.49
SC6 0.0874,0.1398,0.3507
SC7 0.0503,0.1398,0.3507
SC8 0.0169, 0.0529, 0.1186
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
This system used 8 countries of ASEAN and 7 islands for
each country. At first they chose the best island by
themselves and they gave their preferences for alternatives
and criteria. Accuracy was 88.58% in 11508 testing because
1314 results were false and 10194 results were true.
Sensitivity Analysis
An analysis called sensitivity is a critical section in decision
making. It analyzes the effects of decision parameters onthe
results. Sensitivity analysis can be conducted with the three
schemas. They are 1) SwappingCriteria Weight,2)Swapping
Decision Makers’ Weights, 3) Swapping both criteria and
decision makers’ weights concurrently. Schema 2 and
Schema 3 can only be used in group decision making.
First, the weight of the first criteria is alternated or swapped
case by case with the weights of the remaining criteria. In
each instance of swapping the weight of the first criterion
with another, the weights of all the other criteria are held
constant as shown in Table 4. For this aim, different cases
are obtained by changing the weights of the criteria.
In this system, a sensitivity analysis is conducted by
swapping the weights of the criteria (Schema 1).
According to the testing results, from Table 5 and Figure3,it
can be seen that the first case describes the original result of
the integrated methodology. For the remaining twenty eight
cases, alternative (A3) has the highest priority in all cases.
In addition, the findings of the sensitivity analysis show that
the ranking of the alternatives has considerably changed
according to the criterion's equal weights.It cantherefore be
seen that this decision-making process, based on the
evaluations acquired, is comparatively intensive to the
weights of the criteria with A3 emerging as the winner of all
the instances.
According to the testing results, from Table 4 and Figure4,it
can be seen that the first case describes the original result of
the integrated methodology. For the remaining twenty eight
cases, alternative (A2) has the highest priority in all cases.
Moreover, the results of the sensitivity analysis indicatethat
the alternatives’ ranking has changedsignificantlyaccording
to equal weights of the criteria. Therefore,itcanbeseenthat,
based on the evaluations obtained, this decision making
process is relatively intensive to the criteria weightswithA2
emerging as the winner of all the cases..
Table 5 demonstrates the results of 20 times testing and
Table 6 shows the evaluation result of island selection. This
system is tested by 411 users. For each user, sensitivity
analysis is conducted by swapping the weight of criteria and
then twenty-eight records are obtained. After 411 users
tested the system, there were 11508 records in the system.
In testing 349 records, 96.275% of records have reasonable
results and in testing 581 records, 95.353% of records have
reasonable results and then in testing 1075 records, 88% of
records have reasonable results. In testing 2209 records,
87.234% of records have reasonable results and in testing
4093 records, 86% of records have reasonable results and
then in testing 5835 records, 85.844% of records have
reasonable results. In testing 10009 records, 88.410% of
records have reasonable results and in testing 11508
records, 88.58% of records have reasonable results.
CONCLUSION
This system utilizes the fuzzy AHP todeterminethecriteria's
weights. TOPSIS technique is then used to determine the
location ranking. The process of fuzzy analytic hierarchy has
been the topic of many study articles and has been
practically helpful and the technique is criticized.
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TABLE V. THE RESULTS FOR 20 TIMES TESTING
ID Country Priority 1 User Preference System Result Remark
1 Thailand Ko Chang(A3) A3 A3 True
2 Thailand Ko Chang(A3) A3 A3 True
3 Thailand Phuket(A4) A1 A4 False
4 Thailand Ko Pha Ngan(A5) A5 A5 True
5 Thailand Ko Tao(A2) A2 A2 True
6 Malaysia Palau Mabul(A6) A6 A6 True
7 Malaysia Pulau Pangkor(A1) A1 A1 True
8 Malaysia Redang(A7) A7 A7 True
9 Malaysia Pulau Tenggol(A4) A4 A4 True
10 Malaysia Penang(A3) A4 A3 False
11 Cambodia Koh Thmei(A6) A6 A6 True
12 Cambodia Koh Thmei(A6) A6 A6 True
13 Cambodia Koh Totang(A1) A1 A1 True
14 Cambodia Koh Rong(A3) A3 A3 True
15 Cambodia Koh Rong(A3) A5 A3 False
16 Brunei Solomon Island(A1) A1 A1 True
17 Brunei Mystical islands of Borneo(A4) A4 A4 True
18 Brunei Pulau Labuan(A3) A3 A3 True
19 Brunei Pulau Labuan(A3) A3 A3 True
20 Brunei Pulau Labuan(A3) A3 A3 True
TABLE VI EVALUATION RESULT OF ISLAND SELECTION
Total Testing Results
349 96.275%
581 95.353%
1075 88%
2209 87.234%
4093 86%
5835 85.844%
10009 88.410%
11508 88.58%
The user should use the process of the fuzzy analytical
hierarchy and the TOPSIS method as just one element of
user's overall build quality analysis. It is a precious addition
to other objective and subjective methods that measure the
value of the product. Generally, the user should not depend
on any single quality metric or method of the software
system.
The user can see how easy and powerful the technique is
when used to monitor build quality. Furthermore, the user
can use the technique in other areas. This is used for
competitive analysis to assess the overall quality of the
system relative to major competing systems.As thesoftware
development environment proceeds to mature, the
approaches such as the process of fuzzy analytical hierarchy
and TOPSIS will also become increasingly popular
components of the software engineering skill set of the user.
This system, the triangular fuzzy numbers are utilized in
establishing the pair-wise comparisons of criteria and
alternatives through linguistic scales. FAHP is a reasonable
approach to assessing complex multiple criteria and
alternatives that involve subjective and unsure judgment.
TOPSIS is one of the well-known multi-criteria decision-
making outranking techniques and can readily be used to
rank options. Integrating FAHP and TOPSIS approaches
allows specialists and users to easily search for particular
purposes and requirements a more appropriate location.
This system will assist individuals in choosing the correct
place to travel.
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