This document summarizes a study on improving smallholder farmers' access to desirable dairy cattle genetics in Ethiopia through the use of oestrus synchronization. The study tested a simple hormonal synchronization protocol on farms in two regions of Ethiopia. Over 400 cows were treated, with 97-100% responding to synchronization. Pregnancy rates after artificial insemination ranged from 57.7-61.7%. The study demonstrated that oestrus synchronization can be effectively implemented by smallholder farmers with proper training and support. The results indicate that synchronization could help scale up access to improved dairy genetics and help transform smallholder dairy production in Ethiopia.