Apache Hive - Introduction

Confidential, Copyright © Quanticate
Introduction to
Apache Hive
Muralidharan Deenathayalan
Technical Lead
Muralidharan.deenathayalan@quanticate.com
Apache and Apache Hive project logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation.
All other marks mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.

Agenda
 Who Am I ?
 What is Apache Hive?
 Apache Hive key features
 Apache Hive architecture
 How Apache Hive works in Apache Hadoop Eco-system?
 Where Apache Hive is useful?
 Where is Apache Hive is not useful
 Who uses of Apache Hive?
 What is HQL?
 HQL Demo

Who Am I ?
 7+ years of experience in Microsoft technologies like Asp.net, C#, SQL server and SharePoint
 2+ years of experience in open source technologies like Java, Alfresco and Apache Cassandra
 Primary author of Apache Cassandra Cookbook (In writing )
 Csharpcorner MVP
 Frequent blogger

What is Apache Hive?
 Apache Hive - SQL on top of Hadoop
 A data warehouse infrastructure built on top of Hadoop for providing data summarization,
query, and analysis.

Apache Hive key features
 Similar to SQL
 SQL has a huge user base
 SQL is easy to code
 Rich data types (structs, lists and maps)
 Supports SQL filters, joins, group-by and Order by clause
 Extensibility – Custom Types, Custom Functions etc

Apache Hive architecture
Courtesy & ©: http://www.cubrid.org/blog/dev-platform/platforms-for-big-data/

How Apache Hive works in
Apache Hadoop Eco-system
Courtesy & ©: http://yourstory.com/2012/04/introduction-to-big-data-hadoop-ecosystem-part-1/

Where Apache Hive is useful?
It is well suited for batch processing.
 Log processing,
 Text mining,
 Document indexing,
 Customer-facing business intelligence,
 Predictive modeling etc

Where is Apache Hive is not useful?
Hive is not designed for,
 Online transaction processing
 Real-time queries

Who uses of Apache Hive?
Apache Hive is used by,
 Bizo - Uses Hive for reporting and ad hoc queries.
 Chitika - Uses Hive for data mining and analysis on our 435M monthly global users.
 CNET - Uses Hive for data mining, internal log analysis and ad hoc queries.
 Digg - Uses Hive for data mining, internal log analysis, R&D, and reporting/analytics.
 HubSpot - Uses Hive as part of a larger Hadoop pipeline to serve near-realtime web
analytics
 Scribd - Users hive for machine learning, data mining, ad-hoc querying, and both internal
and user-facing analytics
Courtesy & ©: https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/PoweredBy

What is HQL?
HQL : Hive Query Language
• Does not conform any ANSI standard
• Very close to MySQL dialect, but with some differences
• SQL to HQL cheat Sheet http://hortonworks.com/wp-
content/uploads/downloads/2013/08/Hortonworks.CheatSheet.SQLtoHive.pdf
• HQL does not support transactions, so don’t compare with RDBMS

HQL – Create table
Syntax:
CREATE TABLE <table_name> (<column_definitions>)
[ROW FORMAT <row_format>]
[STORED AS <file_format>]
Example:
CREATE TABLE posts (user STRING, post STRING, time BIGINT)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
STORED AS TEXTFILE;
Ref: https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual+DDL#LanguageManualDDL-Create/Drop/TruncateTable

HQL – Create table Demo

HQL – Describe table
Syntax :
describe <table_name>;
Example:
describe posts;

HQL – Describe table demo

HQL – Show all tables
Syntax:
show tables;
show tables [<filter>];
Example:
show tables;
Show tables ‘table*';

HQL – Show all tables demo

HQL – Alter table
Syntax:
ALTER TABLE <table_name> RENAME TO <new_table_name>
ALTER TABLE <table_name> change <old_column_name>
<new_column_name> <new_data_type>;
Example:
//Rename table name
Alter table posts rename to myposts;
// Rename column name with data type change
Alter table posts change time time1 string;

HQL – Alter table demo

HQL – How to get records into
Apache Hive tables?
There are two ways to load the data into Apache Hive tables
 Using insert statement
Used to load the data from another table using select statement
 Using Load statement
Used to load the data from a file

HQL – Insert records
Syntax:
Insert into table <tablename>
select_statement1 from <another_table>;
Example:
Insert into table posts
select “user1”, “Demo“, “123” from table1

HQL – Insert records demo

HQL – Load data
Syntax:
Load data inpath <filepath> [overwrite] into table <tablename>
Example:
Load data inpath '/user/hue/posts.csv' into table 'posts'

HQL –Load data

HQL – Update records
Syntax:
There is no specific syntax for update, but you can insert statement
with overwrite option.
Example:
Insert overwrite table posts
select “user1”, “Demo“, “123” from table1 where id = ‘123’

HQL – Update records demo

HQL – Delete records
You can not records from Apache Hive tables!

HQL – Delete records demo

HQL – Drop table
Syntax:
drop table <table_name>
Example:
drop table posts;

HQL – Drop table demo

Summary
 What is Apache Hive?
 Apache Hive key features
 Apache Hive architecture
 How Apache Hive works in Apache Hadoop Eco-system?
 Where Apache Hive is useful?
 Where is Apache Hive is not useful
 Who uses of Apache Hive?
 Getting started with HQL

Q & A

For the next session !!
 Partitioning
 Bucketing
 Union
 Sub queries
 Joins
 Group By
 Order By
 Aggregations

References
https://hive.apache.org/
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/GettingStarted
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/PoweredBy
http://hortonworks.com/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2013/08/Hortonworks.CheatSheet.SQLtoHive.pdf

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https://twitter.com/quanticateopdev
Twitter
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Apache Hive - Introduction

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