Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for anxiety disorders like generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). CBT is based on the idea that thoughts, emotions, and behaviors are all connected, and that dysfunctional or negative thinking can contribute to anxiety. CBT uses techniques like cognitive restructuring to help people identify and modify distorted thoughts and beliefs. Homework is also assigned between sessions to apply CBT skills in daily life.
Cognitive behavioural approaches to mental healthsophiekennish
My presentation to 'Mental Health First Aiders' (lay people who have completed a short course to help them support someone in crisis), about CBT approaches to mental health.
Cognitive behavioural approaches to mental healthsophiekennish
My presentation to 'Mental Health First Aiders' (lay people who have completed a short course to help them support someone in crisis), about CBT approaches to mental health.
This presentation discusses the use of cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness in treating addiction.
By Tony Pacione, LCSW, CSADC
Harborview Recovery Center
Saint Joseph Hospital
Chicago, IL
The video for this presentation is available on our Youtube channel:
https://youtube.com/allceuseducation A continuing education course for this presentation can be found at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/index?c=
Providing an overview of CBT and tools and techniques suitable for licensed mental health and addictions professionals and coaches.
★★You can sign up for the live presentation or the on-demand replay to earn CEUs at: https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/search?q=cognitive+behavioral ★★
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Unlimited Counseling CEUs for $59 https://www.allceus.com/
Specialty Certificate tracks starting at $89 https://www.allceus.com/certificate-tracks/
Live Webinars $5/hour https://www.allceus.com/live-interactive-webinars/
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/CounselorToolbox Help us keep the videos free for everyone to learn by becoming a patron.
Pinterest: drsnipes
https://www.youtube.com/user/allceuseducation
Nurses, addiction and mental health counselors, social workers and marriage and family therapists can earn continuing education credits (CEs) for this and other course at:
View the New Harbinger Catalog and get your 25% discount on their products by entering coupon code: 1168SNIPES at check out
AllCEUs has been approved by NBCC as an Approved Continuing Education Provider, ACEP No. 6261. Programs that do not qualify for NBCC Credit are clearly identified. AllCEUs is solely responsible for all aspects of the programs.
AllCEUs is also approved as an education provider for NAADAC, the States of Florida and Texas Boards of Social Work and Mental Health/Professional Counseling, the California Consortium for Addiction Professionals and Professions. Our courses are accepted in most states through those approvals.
Cbt workshop for internationally trained health professionalsMatt Stan
Cognitive therapy is an active, directed, time-limited, structured approach, used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety, phobias, chronic pain and others)
HI GUYS, MAYBE THIS CAN HELP YOU TO HAVE MORE UNDERSTANDING ABOUT COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY ESPECIALLY TO THE STUDENTS WHO HAVE GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING SUBJECTS
Hi!
I am SHIV PRAKASH (PhD Research Scholar),This slide presentation, I have created it for teaching purpose. I have used this slide to present the concept of CBT for Nursing Student in the department of psychiatry, I.M.S. Banaras Hindu University in Varanasi.
I hope this will be help full for everyone.
Thank you!
This presentation discusses the use of cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness in treating addiction.
By Tony Pacione, LCSW, CSADC
Harborview Recovery Center
Saint Joseph Hospital
Chicago, IL
The video for this presentation is available on our Youtube channel:
https://youtube.com/allceuseducation A continuing education course for this presentation can be found at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/index?c=
Providing an overview of CBT and tools and techniques suitable for licensed mental health and addictions professionals and coaches.
★★You can sign up for the live presentation or the on-demand replay to earn CEUs at: https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/search?q=cognitive+behavioral ★★
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Unlimited Counseling CEUs for $59 https://www.allceus.com/
Specialty Certificate tracks starting at $89 https://www.allceus.com/certificate-tracks/
Live Webinars $5/hour https://www.allceus.com/live-interactive-webinars/
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/CounselorToolbox Help us keep the videos free for everyone to learn by becoming a patron.
Pinterest: drsnipes
https://www.youtube.com/user/allceuseducation
Nurses, addiction and mental health counselors, social workers and marriage and family therapists can earn continuing education credits (CEs) for this and other course at:
View the New Harbinger Catalog and get your 25% discount on their products by entering coupon code: 1168SNIPES at check out
AllCEUs has been approved by NBCC as an Approved Continuing Education Provider, ACEP No. 6261. Programs that do not qualify for NBCC Credit are clearly identified. AllCEUs is solely responsible for all aspects of the programs.
AllCEUs is also approved as an education provider for NAADAC, the States of Florida and Texas Boards of Social Work and Mental Health/Professional Counseling, the California Consortium for Addiction Professionals and Professions. Our courses are accepted in most states through those approvals.
Cbt workshop for internationally trained health professionalsMatt Stan
Cognitive therapy is an active, directed, time-limited, structured approach, used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety, phobias, chronic pain and others)
HI GUYS, MAYBE THIS CAN HELP YOU TO HAVE MORE UNDERSTANDING ABOUT COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY ESPECIALLY TO THE STUDENTS WHO HAVE GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING SUBJECTS
Hi!
I am SHIV PRAKASH (PhD Research Scholar),This slide presentation, I have created it for teaching purpose. I have used this slide to present the concept of CBT for Nursing Student in the department of psychiatry, I.M.S. Banaras Hindu University in Varanasi.
I hope this will be help full for everyone.
Thank you!
“CBT is a process of teaching, coaching, and reinforcing positive behaviors. CBT helps people to identify cognitive patterns or thoughts and emotions that are linked with behaviors.”
A brief outline regarding the basics of Cognitive behavioural therapy CBT applicable for various mental heatlh conditions
For any further academic clinical guidance , you can contact directly drhotiana@gmail.com
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
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2. Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) has been found to
be an efficacious treatment for anxiety disorders
including:
GAD
PTSD
OCD
3. Beck’s negative cognitive triad
Negative view of self
I’m no good
I’m useless
I’m inadequate
Negative view of the Negative view of the
world future
My problems are insurmountable It will always be this way
People are cruel I will never get better
Everything is very difficult Things will never work out for me
4. CBT is based on the cognitive model, which states that
people’s emotions, behaviors, and physical reactions
are influenced by how they perceive events. The
principles of CBT are:
1)Formulate problem in cognitive terms:
-What aspects of client’s current thinking acts to
maintain problematic emotions and behaviors?
-Therapist might also be concerned with precipitating
factors (context)- what environmental events might
have influenced perceptions
-Therapist would also be interested in developing
hypotheses about key developmental events and
enduring patterns of interpreting these events.
5. CBT Principles
2) Therapy requires a good therapeutic alliance-
warmth, caring, genuine regard
Listening closely
Empathizing
Accurately summarize thoughts and
emotions
6. CBT Principles
3) Collaboration and active participation-
-Encourage client to view therapy as
teamwork
-Assign work between sessions
-Over time, give client more responsibility to
direct session.
7. CBT Principles
4) Cognitive Therapy is goal-oriented and problem-
focused
Client encouraged in initial session to develop a
problem list
Set specific goals of a behavioral nature-lonely-
develop new friendships-develop plan, set HW
Identify thoughts interfering with goals
8. Principles-CBT
5) Present focused- here-and-now emphasis first
(want to reduce symptom stress).
Attention shifts to past when: a) client expresses
strong desire, b) work on present problems
produces little change in
cognitions, emotions, behaviors, c) important
dysfunctional ideas developed in the past (If I
always do well, I am ok, if I don’t do well I am not
ok)
9. Principles-CBT
6) Cognitive therapists aim to educate the person
so that they can be their own therapist (self-help)
using the techniques learned in therapy.
7) Therapy is intended to be time-limited (4-14
sessions) however this is not always possible.
8) CBT is structured.
10. CBT-Principles
9) Cognitive therapy teaches clients to identify,
evaluate, and respond to their dysfunctional thoughts
and beliefs
The most basic question is to ask, ―What was going
through your mind when _____?‖
Then evaluate the validity of the thought via Socratic
Questioning-Where is it written that what you told
yourself is true, and even if it were true, is it really as
bad as you tell yourself?
CBT uses collaborative empiricism- helping determine
accuracy of a thought.
11. CBT-Principles
10) Cognitive therapy use a variety of techniques
to change thinking, mood and behavior.
Emphasis in treatment also depends on disorder
client is presenting with.
12. CBT
Therapist enters ―collaborative‖ relationship with
client.
The therapy is very structured and the session
follows an agenda starting with review of
homework and ending with a summary.
13. CBT
Therapist needs to focus on systematic errors
in reasoning and restructure.
Negative automatic thoughts disrupt one’s
mood. Leads to spiraling down.
Distorted reasoning based on systematic
logical errors.
Therapy is an active process (eliciting self-
talk/interpretations, gathering evidence
against interpretation, setting up homework)
14. Automatic Thoughts
A spontaneously arising verbal or visual content
of consciousness with symbolic representation.
Automatic thoughts are brief and patients are
often more aware of the emotion they feel as a
result of their thoughts than of the thoughts
themselves.
15. Negative Automatic Thoughts
Short, specific thoughts which often do not
occur in sentences, but may consist of a few
key words, images or memories
Spontaneous and often extremely rapid
Not the result of deliberation or reasoning
Associated with negative emotional reactions
Generally appear reasonable at the time but
usually involve more distortion of reality than
other types of thinking
16. Identifying and challenging cognitive
distortions
First step is to identify negative beliefs.
Write descriptions of situations where they
experienced disturbing emotions.
Document their emotions as these will give a clue
as to the likely cognitive distortion underlying their
difficult emotions.
Write down negative thoughts.
18. Identifying and Categorizing Core
Beliefs (the therapist)
Mentally hypothesize where core belief specific
automatic thoughts came from
Specify the core belief
Present hypothesis about the core belief to the
patient
Educate patient about core beliefs in general and
about their core beliefs
Help patient specify and strengthen a new more
adaptive core belief
Begin to evaluate and modify negative core
beliefs with patient
19. Cognitive Restructuring
CBT holds that most of our emotions and behaviors are the
result of what we think or believe about ourselves, other people,
and the world.
These cognitions shape how we interpret and evaluate what
happens to us, influence how we feel about it, and provide a
guide to how we should respond.
Sometimes our interpretations, evaluations, and underlying
beliefs thoughts contain distortions, errors, or biases, or are not
very useful or helpful.
Cognitive restructuring is a set of techniques for becoming more
aware of our thoughts and for modifying them when they are
distorted or are not useful. This approach does not involve
distorting reality in a positive direction or attempting to believe
the unbelievable. Rather, it uses reason and evidence to replace
distorted thought patterns with more accurate, believable, and
functional ones.
20. The term ―cognitive distortion‖ refers to errors in
thinking or patterns of thought that are biased in
some way. They may include: (A) interpretations
that are not very accurate and which selectively
filter the available evidence, (B) evaluations that
are harsh and unfair, and/or (C) expectations for
oneself and for others that are rigid and
unreasonable. The more a person’s thinking is
characterized by these distortions, the more they
are likely to experience disturbing emotions and
to engage in maladaptive behavior.
21. Some examples of common patterns of cognitive distortions
are:
All-or-nothing thinking: Looking at things in absolute, black-and-white
categories, instead of on a continuum. For example, if something is less than
perfect, one sees it as a total failure.
Overgeneralization: Viewing a negative event as a part of a never-ending pattern
of negativity while ignoring evidence to the contrary. Using words such as
never, always, all, every, none, no one, nobody, or everyone.
Mental filter: Focusing on a single negative detail and dwelling it on it exclusively
until one’s vision of reality becomes darkened.
Magnification or minimization (e.g., magnifying the negative and minimizing the
positive): Exaggerating the importance of one’s problems and shortcomings. A
form of this is called ―catastrophizing‖ in which one tells oneself that an
undesirable situation is unbearable, when it is really just uncomfortable or
inconvenient.
22. Mind reading: Concluding what someone is thinking without any evidence, not
considering other possibilities, and making no effort to check it out.
Emotional reasoning: Assuming that one’s negative emotions necessarily reflect
the way things really are (e.g., ―Because I feel it, it must be true.‖ ―I feel stupid,
therefore I am stupid‖).
Rigid rules (perfectionism). Having a precise, fixed idea of how oneself or others
should behave, and overestimating how bad it is when these expectations are
not met. Often phrased as "should" or ―must‖ statements.
Unfair judgments: Holding oneself personally responsible for events that aren't
(or aren’t entirely) under one’s control, or blaming other people and overlooking
ways in which one might have also contributed to the problem.
23. In CBT:
The therapist guides the client through the process of becoming
more aware of what they are telling themselves and helps them
to evaluate, and when appropriate, to modify their own thinking.
The therapist teaches the client a process that will help them
distinguish distorted thinking from more accurate and useful
thinking.
The therapist does not assume that the client’s thoughts are
distorted and instead attempts to guide the client with questions
that encourage the client to make their own discoveries.
Clients are also encouraged to practice this process on their own
between sessions (homework).
24. CBT Homework
Homework is integral to CBT and the goal is to
extend the opportunities for cognitive and
behavioral change throughout the patient’s week.
Tailor the assignment to the individual
Provide sound rationale
Uncover potential obstacles
Modify relevant beliefs
26. Systematic desensitization
Developed by Joseph Wolpe in 1950s
Patient creates hierarchy of 20-30 items of ascending
fearfulness
Deep muscle relaxation practiced while imagining each
scene repeatedly until it could be imagined without anxiety.
Pairing of opposite emotional experiences (relaxation with
anxiety-provoking stimuli) termed reciprocal inhibition.
27. Systematic Desensitization
Systematic desensitization is a therapeutic
intervention that reduces the learned link between
anxiety and objects or situations that are typically
fear-producing.
The aim of systematic desensitization is to reduce or
eliminate fears or phobias that sufferers find are
distressing or that impair their ability to manage daily
life.
By substituting a new response to a feared situation,
a trained contradictory response of relaxation which is
irreconcilable with an anxious response — phobic
reactions are diminished or eradicated.
28. Exposure therapy
Developed by Marks, Gelder & Rachman in the
late 60s and 70s.
Good results using graded exposure in vivo for
phobias and OCD.
Flooding is exposure to feared stimulus at
maximal intensity until anxiety habituates – rapid
& effective but very distressing for the patient.
29. Exposure Therapy
Exposure is an important behavioral technique in the
treatment of anxiety disorders.
Assumption is that anxiety is maintained by avoidance
of the feared stimuli.
Exposure to the feared stimuli:
Challenges the belief that there are negative
consequences by coming into contact with the stimuli
Allows physiological ―habituation.‖
30. Exposure to what?
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder- expose to traumatic
st
memories (1 ) and avoided places, people, activities
nd
(2 ).
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder- expose to obsessive
thoughts and triggers of compulsions with avoidance
of compulsive behavior (response prevention).
Generalized Anxiety Disorder- expose to worries
31. Exposure therapy
Graded Hierarchy – patient controlled and directed
―Anxiety is unpleasant but does no harm.‖
As real as possible (imagination < in vivo) , to
produce the greatest level of discomfort and anxiety
that the patient is willing to experience
Without internal or external distraction
Until anxiety goes away or is reduced by at least 50%.
―Anxiety eventually reduces.‖
As frequent as possible
―practice makes perfect.‖
33. In session exposure
Patients imagine themselves coming into contact
with the feared stimuli.
Described coming into contact with the feared
stimuli onto a tape recorder with their eyes
closed.
Re-expose themselves to this recording.
34. In session exposure is used when:
Exposure to live situations is too anxiety
generating for the patient to tolerate.
Live exposure is impractical.
Exposure is not immediately available.
The queues are not external but are internal e.g.
memories.
35. In vivo exposure:
This is the best form of exposure and should be used
wherever possible.
Patients can normally initiate their own exposure
Initially this may be modelled by the therapist to assist
this process.
Once initiated in a clinical setting the patient is
encouraged to repeat this as frequently as possible
outside the therapy sessions.
36. Steps in conducting exposure
Preparation.
Creation of exposure hierarchy.
Initial exposure.
Repeated exposure.
37. Preparation for conducting exposure
Explain treatment rationale.
Explore advantages and perceived
disadvantages of doing exposure.
Obtain, inform, consent and commitment to
carrying out exposure.
Explain that:
Anxiety is unpleasant and does no harm
Anxiety eventually reduces
Practice makes perfect
38. Creation of exposure hierarchy
The patient should describe all cues that evoke
anxiety (alternatively describe the things they
avoid) and create a list
Rate each item on a 0-100% scale
0 being no discomfort/anxiety
100 being maximum discomfort/anxiety
Can rate in imaginable contact
Use rating to rank list
39. Initial Exposure
Graded exposure involves graduated exposure
beginning with the item that produces least
discomfort/anxiety and working up the scale.
Habituation can take hours and sessions should be
structured accordingly (initial exposure continued
while another patient is being seen before the session
may be continued).
The patient should rate their anxiety/discomfort on a
0-100 scale every five minutes and exposure
continued until anxiety has reduced by at least 50%.
40. Repeated Exposure
This should be continued on at least a daily basis
Record each event as exposure is carried out.
The patient moves up the hierarchy as they feel
able.
41. Relaxation techniques:
Goals in relaxation
A coping mechanism to help patients gain a
sense of mastery over their internal world
Aim is to facilitate engagement with activities of
everyday living and exposure tasks.
Not an intrinsic therapeutic activity.
42. Different types of relaxation
Progressive muscle Breathing relaxation.
relaxation. Cue controlled relaxation.
12 muscle group relaxation. Holding the breath.
8 muscle group relaxation. Rhythmic breathing.
4 muscle group relaxation. Counting breaths.
Release only relaxation.
43. Relaxation method
Take a comfortable position
Using fixed narrative
Encouraged to breath gently
Tense the area to the count of three breaths and then
release slowly to the count of five
Pause for 15 to 20 seconds
Progressing to the next muscle group.
At end counting down five to one visualising
relaxation.
Repeated using tape recorder.
44. 12 muscle group relaxation
These are: Shoulders.
Lower arms. Back of the neck.
Upper arms. Lips.
Lower legs. Eyes.
Thighs. Eye brows.
Stomach. Upper forehead and
Upper chest and back. scalp.
45. 8 muscle group relaxation
1. Whole arms.
2. Whole legs.
3. Stomach.
4. Upper chest and back.
5. Shoulders.
6. Back of the neck.
7. Face.
8. Forehead and scalp.
46. 4 muscle group relaxation
1. Whole arms.
2. Upper chest and back.
3. Shoulders and neck.
4. Face.
47. Relaxation key points
Focus on the physical sensation of tension and to
gain mastery over this.
Use diaphragmatic breathing rather than light
chest breathing which can lead to hyper-
ventilation.
These breaths can be timed to the count of three.