Three level inverters use multiple lower voltage DC sources connected in series to generate a stepped voltage waveform and reduce harmonic content. They have applications in high power systems and renewable energy. The diode clamped multilevel inverter connects capacitors between each level through clamping diodes. It requires m-1 capacitors and 2m-2 switching devices for an m level inverter. While it produces a high quality output with less harmonics, it has disadvantages such as unequal switch ratings and difficulties controlling real power flow.