A Brief Knowledge about Differential Pulse Code Modulation.
It contains the basics of Pulse Code modulation and why we all switching to Differential Pulse Code Modulation.
All the things about the Differential Pulse Code Modulation is given in a good understandable way
It is a digital representation of an analog signal that takes samples of the amplitude of the analog signal at regular intervals. The sampled analog data is changed to, and then represented by, binary data.
Digital Data, Digital Signal | Scrambling TechniquesBiplap Bhattarai
Digital signal is a sequence of discrete, discontinuous voltage pulses.
Each pulse is a signal element.
Binary data are transmitted by encoding the bit stream into signal elements.
In the simplest case, one bit is represented by one signal element.
- E.g., 1 is represented by a lower voltage level, and 0 is represented by a higher voltage level
A digital signal is a sequence of discrete, discontinuous voltage pulses. Each pulse is a signal element. Binary data '0' and '1' are transmitted over digital channel by encoding each data bit into signal elements. Encoding scheme is mapping from data bits to signal elements. Line coding is done to prevent DC wandering and loss of synchronisation on long strings of '0' and '1'. It may give some amount of error detection as in AMT.
By reading this you can enhance your knowledge about Data Communication Network and Redundancy check used for it for error detection. It only Detect the error and discard it from the sequence given in that codes.
It is the adder used to eliminate the wastage of time occur at each stage of parallel binary adder.In this , by using only carry input signal , we can calculate the the carry output without going to calculate carry at each stage.it is commonly used only for 4 bit addition because further calculation will be more complex.
>Introduction to Digital Signal Processing
>Analog Signal Processing Versus Digital Signal Processing
>Classification Of Signals
>Comparison Between Continuous-Time & Discrete-Time Sinusoids
>Characteristics Of Discrete-time Sinusoids
>A/D and D/A Conversion
India is highly populated country ,so we should take the advantage of such an energy which required a very less space to produce energy efficiently
In this case solar tree be the best one for us
A Brief Knowledge about Differential Pulse Code Modulation.
It contains the basics of Pulse Code modulation and why we all switching to Differential Pulse Code Modulation.
All the things about the Differential Pulse Code Modulation is given in a good understandable way
It is a digital representation of an analog signal that takes samples of the amplitude of the analog signal at regular intervals. The sampled analog data is changed to, and then represented by, binary data.
Digital Data, Digital Signal | Scrambling TechniquesBiplap Bhattarai
Digital signal is a sequence of discrete, discontinuous voltage pulses.
Each pulse is a signal element.
Binary data are transmitted by encoding the bit stream into signal elements.
In the simplest case, one bit is represented by one signal element.
- E.g., 1 is represented by a lower voltage level, and 0 is represented by a higher voltage level
A digital signal is a sequence of discrete, discontinuous voltage pulses. Each pulse is a signal element. Binary data '0' and '1' are transmitted over digital channel by encoding each data bit into signal elements. Encoding scheme is mapping from data bits to signal elements. Line coding is done to prevent DC wandering and loss of synchronisation on long strings of '0' and '1'. It may give some amount of error detection as in AMT.
By reading this you can enhance your knowledge about Data Communication Network and Redundancy check used for it for error detection. It only Detect the error and discard it from the sequence given in that codes.
It is the adder used to eliminate the wastage of time occur at each stage of parallel binary adder.In this , by using only carry input signal , we can calculate the the carry output without going to calculate carry at each stage.it is commonly used only for 4 bit addition because further calculation will be more complex.
>Introduction to Digital Signal Processing
>Analog Signal Processing Versus Digital Signal Processing
>Classification Of Signals
>Comparison Between Continuous-Time & Discrete-Time Sinusoids
>Characteristics Of Discrete-time Sinusoids
>A/D and D/A Conversion
India is highly populated country ,so we should take the advantage of such an energy which required a very less space to produce energy efficiently
In this case solar tree be the best one for us
Solar tree is a tree in structure and the panels are like leaves of the tree which produces energy. The tree consists of numerous solar panels connected to one another in series and parallel connections in Fibonacci sequence. The solar tree consists of number of branches welded to a stem and each stem has a solar panel mounted on it. Flat or roof top mountings of PV systems require large area or land. Scarcity of land is greatest problem in cities and even in villages in India. Load or energy requirement of small house in India is estimated to 1.75kWhr/day. Tracking system can be easily employed in Solar Tree hence its performance is better than flat mountings of solar PV system. The total cost of Solar Tree is about Rs.60000 /-. The overall cost can be reduced using simple and innovative designs of Solar Tree. It can be installed on the sides of heavy traffic roadways and on roof top buildings.
Taming the ever-evolving Compliance Beast : Lessons learnt at LinkedIn [Strat...Shirshanka Das
Just when you think you have your Kafka and Hadoop clusters set up and humming and you’re well on your path to democratizing data, you realize that you now have a very different set of challenges to solve. You want to provide unfettered access to data to your data scientists, but at the same time, you need to preserve the privacy of your members, who have entrusted you with their data.
Shirshanka Das and Tushar Shanbhag outline the path LinkedIn has taken to protect member privacy in its scalable distributed data ecosystem built around Kafka and Hadoop.
They also discuss three foundational building blocks for scalable data management that can meet data compliance regulations: a centralized metadata system, a standardized data lifecycle management platform, and a unified data access layer. Some of these systems are open source and can be of use to companies that are in a similar situation. Along the way, they also look to the future—specifically, to the General Data Protection Regulation, which comes into effect in 2018—and outline LinkedIn’s plans for addressing those requirements.
But technology is just part of the solution. Shirshanka and Tushar also share the culture and process change they’ve seen happen at the company and the lessons they’ve learned about sustainable process and governance.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
Analog and Digital Signals
1. ANALOG
AND
D I G I TA L
SIGNALS
By :
SANA ULLAH
2. ANALOG SIGNALS
• PCs often communicate via modems over telephone lines using
analog signals which are formed by continuously varying voltage
levels:
• Analog data are continuous and take continuous values.
2
ANALOG & DIGITAL SIGNALS
3. ANALOG SIGNALS
How signals travel?
• There are three types of transmission media, each with many
variations:
• conductive metal, like copper or iron, that carries both digital
and analog signals; coaxial cable and twisted wire pairs are
examples,
• transparent glass strand or optical bre that transmits data using
light waves,
• no physical connection that transmits data using
electromagnetic waves (as those used in TV or radio
broadcast).
• The three main characteristics of analogue signals are, 3
ANALOG & DIGITAL SIGNALS
4. 1.AMPLITUDE
• This is the strength of the signal.
• It can be expressed a number of different ways (as volts, decibels).
• The higher the amplitude, the stronger (louder) the signal.
The decibel is a popular measure of signal strength.
Sound level Type of Sound
40db normal speech
90db lawn mowers
110db shotgun blast
120db jet engine taking off
120db+ rock concerts 4
ANALOG & DIGITAL SIGNALS
5. • 2.FREQUENCY
• This is the rate of change the signal undergoes every second,
expressed in Hertz (Hz), or cycles per second.
• A 30Hz signal changes thirty times a second.
• In speech, we also refer to it as the number of vibrations per second.
• As we speak, the air is forced out of our mouths, being vibrated by
our voice box.
• Men, on average, tend to vibrate the air at a lower rate than women,
thus tend to have deeper voices.
5
ANALOG & DIGITAL SIGNALS
6. 3.PHASE
• This is the rate at which the signal changes its relationship to time,
expressed as degrees.
• One complete cycle of a wave begins at a certain point, and continues
till the same point is reached again.
• Phase shift occurs when the cycle does not complete, and a new cycle
begins before the previous one has fully completed.
6
ANALOG & DIGITAL SIGNALS
7. PERIODIC SIGNAL (ANALOG SIGNAL)
• In data communication, we commonly use periodic
analog signals
• Periodic completes the wave within a same time frame
7
ANALOG & DIGITAL SIGNALS
8. NON-PERIODIC SIGNAL (DIGITAL SIGNAL)
• and non-periodic digital signals,
• completes the wave with variable time
8
ANALOG & DIGITAL SIGNALS
9. DIGITAL SIGNAL
• Digital signals are the language of modern day computers.
• Digital signals comprise only two states.
• These are expressed as ON or OFF, 1 or 0 respectively.
• Digital signals require greater bandwidth capacity than analogue signals,
thus are more expensive to communicate.
• This diagram shows a digital signal.
9
ANALOG & DIGITAL SIGNALS
10. BIT RATE (Number of bit intervals per second )
• The bit rate describes the information-carrying capacity of a digital
channel, and is measured in bits per second (b/s).
• The range of frequencies in a channel is called its bandwidth.
• Roughly:
a higher-bandwidth channel has a higher bit rate.
Bit Interval(the time required to send one bit) 10
ANALOG & DIGITAL SIGNALS
11. NON-PERIODIC SIGNAL (DIGITAL SIGNAL)
• and non-periodic digital signals,
• completes the wave with variable time
11
ANALOG & DIGITAL SIGNALS
