This document describes the design and implementation of a double precision floating point multiplier on a Virtex-6 FPGA that is compliant with the IEEE-754 standard. It breaks down the floating point multiplication algorithm into exponent addition, significand multiplication, and sign calculation blocks. The significand multiplication is further broken down into smaller 24-bit by 17-bit multiplications using DSP48E slices. It also includes blocks for rounding and exception handling. Simulation results show the design operates at 414.714 MHz with an area of 648 slices, providing higher speed and accuracy than a single precision design.
Design of Multiplexers, Decoder and a Full Subtractor using Reversible GatesIJLT EMAS
This paper shows an effective design of combinational circuits such as 2:1, 4:1 multiplexers, 2:4 decoder and a full subtractor using reversible gates. This paper also evaluates number of reversible gates used and garbage outputs in implementing each combinational circuit.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Design of Multiplexers, Decoder and a Full Subtractor using Reversible GatesIJLT EMAS
This paper shows an effective design of combinational circuits such as 2:1, 4:1 multiplexers, 2:4 decoder and a full subtractor using reversible gates. This paper also evaluates number of reversible gates used and garbage outputs in implementing each combinational circuit.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Implementation and Simulation of Ieee 754 Single-Precision Floating Point Mul...inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Seminar on Digital Multiplier(Booth Multiplier) Using VHDLNaseer LoneRider
This is my Mini project. It is very clear and has lots of animation in it. If you like to know about booth algorithm and VHDL this the perfect presentation. Download it and see as SLIDE SHOW. You will enjoy more of my work, Give blessings.
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Week 1 HomeworkCommand Line in Windows and Linux
Using Google, research what kernel operating systems have been used in the video gaming industry. Describe the architecture and details regarding its advantages or disadvantages (i.e, consider Windows, Linux, based, etc.). A minimum of two paragraphs of research information is required, along with your own interpretation of the content.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This paper presents a design and implementation of FPGA based Bose, Chaudhuri and Hocquenghem (BCH) codes for wireless communication applications. The codes are written in VHDL (Very High Speed Hardware Description Language). Here BCH decoder (15, 5, and 3) is implemented and discussed. And decoder uses serial input and serial output architecture. BCH code forms a large class of powerful random error correcting cyclic codes. BCH operates over algebraic structure called finite fields and they are binary multiple error correcting codes. BCH decoder is implemented by syndrome calculation circuit, the BMA (Berlekamp-Massey algorithm) and Chien search circuit. The codecs are implemented over cyclone FPGA device.
A Novel Efficient VLSI Architecture for IEEE 754 Floating point multiplier us...IJERA Editor
Due to advancement of new technology in the field of VLSI and Embedded system, there is an increasing
demand of high speed and low power consumption processor. Speed of processor greatly depends on its
multiplier as well as adder performance. In spite of complexity involved in floating point arithmetic, its
implementation is increasing day by day. Due to which high speed adder architecture become important. Several
adder architecture designs have been developed to increase the efficiency of the adder. In this paper, we
introduce an architecture that performs high speed IEEE 754 floating point multiplier using modified carry
select adder (CSA). Modified CSA depend on booth encoder (BEC) Technique. Booth encoder, Mathematics is
an ancient Indian system of Mathematics. Here we are introduced two carry select based design. These designs
are implementation Xilinx Vertex device family.
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
Research,
Research Papers,
Research Article,
Free Journals, Open access Journals,
erpublication.org,
Engineering Journal,
Science Journals,
Implementation and Simulation of Ieee 754 Single-Precision Floating Point Mul...inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Seminar on Digital Multiplier(Booth Multiplier) Using VHDLNaseer LoneRider
This is my Mini project. It is very clear and has lots of animation in it. If you like to know about booth algorithm and VHDL this the perfect presentation. Download it and see as SLIDE SHOW. You will enjoy more of my work, Give blessings.
For more course tutorials visit
www.newtonhelp.com
Week 1 HomeworkCommand Line in Windows and Linux
Using Google, research what kernel operating systems have been used in the video gaming industry. Describe the architecture and details regarding its advantages or disadvantages (i.e, consider Windows, Linux, based, etc.). A minimum of two paragraphs of research information is required, along with your own interpretation of the content.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This paper presents a design and implementation of FPGA based Bose, Chaudhuri and Hocquenghem (BCH) codes for wireless communication applications. The codes are written in VHDL (Very High Speed Hardware Description Language). Here BCH decoder (15, 5, and 3) is implemented and discussed. And decoder uses serial input and serial output architecture. BCH code forms a large class of powerful random error correcting cyclic codes. BCH operates over algebraic structure called finite fields and they are binary multiple error correcting codes. BCH decoder is implemented by syndrome calculation circuit, the BMA (Berlekamp-Massey algorithm) and Chien search circuit. The codecs are implemented over cyclone FPGA device.
A Novel Efficient VLSI Architecture for IEEE 754 Floating point multiplier us...IJERA Editor
Due to advancement of new technology in the field of VLSI and Embedded system, there is an increasing
demand of high speed and low power consumption processor. Speed of processor greatly depends on its
multiplier as well as adder performance. In spite of complexity involved in floating point arithmetic, its
implementation is increasing day by day. Due to which high speed adder architecture become important. Several
adder architecture designs have been developed to increase the efficiency of the adder. In this paper, we
introduce an architecture that performs high speed IEEE 754 floating point multiplier using modified carry
select adder (CSA). Modified CSA depend on booth encoder (BEC) Technique. Booth encoder, Mathematics is
an ancient Indian system of Mathematics. Here we are introduced two carry select based design. These designs
are implementation Xilinx Vertex device family.
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
Research,
Research Papers,
Research Article,
Free Journals, Open access Journals,
erpublication.org,
Engineering Journal,
Science Journals,
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design of 32-bit Floating Point Unit for Advanced ProcessorsIJERA Editor
Floating Point Unit is one of the integral unit in the Advanced Processors. The arithmetic operations on floating point unit are quite complicated. They are represented in IEEE 754 format in either 32-bit format (single precision) or 64-bit format (double precision). They are extensively used in high end processors for various applications such as mathematical analysis and formulation, signal processing etc. This paper describes the detailed process for the computation of addition, subtraction and multiplication operations on floating point numbers. It has been designed using VHDL. The design has been simulated and synthesized to identify the area occupied and its performance in terms of delay.
Implementation of 32 Bit Binary Floating Point Adder Using IEEE 754 Single Pr...iosrjce
Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) are increasingly being used to design high- end
computationally intense microprocessors capable of handling both fixed and floating- point mathematical
operations. Addition is the most complex operation in a floating-point unit and offers major delay while taking
significant area. Over the years, the VLSI community has developed many floating-point adder algorithms
mainly aimed to reduce the overall latency. The Objective of this paper to implement the 32 bit binary floating
point adder with minimum time. Floating point numbers are used in various applications such as medical
imaging, radar, telecommunications Etc. Here pipelined architecture is used in order to increase the
performance and the design is achieved to increase the operating frequency. The logic is designed using VHDL.
This paper discusses in detail the best possible FPGA implementation will act as an important design resource.
The performance criterion is latency in all the cases. The algorithms are compared for overall latency, area,
and levels of logic and analyzed specifically for one of the latest FPGA architectures provided by Xilinx.
Design and Simulation of Radix-8 Booth Encoder Multiplier for Signed and Unsi...ijsrd.com
This paper presents the design and simulation of signed-unsigned Radix-8 Booth Encoding multiplier. The Radix-8 Booth Encoder circuit generates n/3 the partial products in parallel. By extending sign bit of the operands and generating an additional partial product the signed of unsigned Radix-8 BE multiplier is obtained. The Carry Save Adder (CSA) tree and the final Carry Look ahead (CLA) adder used to speed up the multiplier operation. Since signed and unsigned multiplication operation is performed by the same multiplier unit the required hardware and the chip area reduces and this in turn reduces power dissipation and cost of a system. The simulation is done through Verilog on xiling13.3 platform which provide diversity in calculating the various parameters.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
2. 54 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
An FPGA Based Floating Point Arithmetic Unit Using Verilog
II. FLOATING POINT MULTIPLICATION ALGORITHM
Multiplying two numbers in floating point format
is done by
1. Adding the exponent of the two numbers then
subtracting the bias from their result.
2.Multiplying the significant of the two numbers
3.Calculating the sign by XORing the sign of the
two numbers.
In order to represent the multiplication result as
a normalized number there should be I in the MSB
of the result (leading one).
The following steps are necessary to multiply
two floating point numbers.
The following steps are necessary to multiply
two floating point numbers.
1.Multiplying the significant i.e. (I.MI * I.M2)
2.Placing the decimal point in the result
3.Adding the exponents i.e. (E I + E2 - Bias)
4. Obtaining the sign i.e. sl xor s2
5.Normalizing the result i.e. obtaining I at
the MSB of the results "significand"
6.Rounding the result to fit in the available bits
7.Checking for underflow/overflow occurrence
III. IMPLEMENTATION OF DOUBLE PRECISION
FLOATING POINT MULTIPLIER
In this paper we implemented a double precision
floating point multiplier with exceptions and
rounding. Figure 2 shows the multiplier structure
that includes exponents addition, significand
multiplication, and sign calculation. Figure 3
shows the multiplier, exceptions and rounding that
are independent and are done in parallel.
Figure 3. Multiplier structure with rounding and exceptions
A. Multiplier
The black box view of the double precision
floating point multiplier is shown in figure 4.The
Multiplier receives two 64-bit floating point
numbers. First these numbers are unpacked by
separating the numbers into sign, exponent, and
mantissa bits. The sign logic is a simple XOR. The
exponents of the two numbers are added and then
subtracted with a bias number i.e., 1023. Mantissa
multiplier block performs multiplication operation.
After this the output of mantissa division is
normalized, i.e., if the MSB of the result obtained is
not I, then it is left shifted to make the MSB I. If
changes are made by shifting then corresponding
changes has to be made in exponent also.
The multiplication operation is performed in the
module (fJ:lU_mul). The mantissa of operand A
and the leading 'I' (for normalized numbers) are
stored in the 53-bit register (mul_a). The mantissa
of operand Band the leading' I' (for normalized
numbers) are stored in the 53-bit register (mul_b).
Multiplying all 53 bits of mul_a by 53 bits of mul_b
would result in a 106-bit product. 53 bit by 53 bit
multipliers are not available in the most popular
Xilinx and Altera FPGAs, so the multiply would be
broken down into smaller multiplies and the
results would be added together to give the final
106-bit product. The module (fJ:lU_mul) breaks up
the multiply into smaller 24-bit by 17-bit
multiplies. The Xilinx Virtex-6 device contains
DSP48E I slices with 25 by 18 twos complement
multipliers, which can perform a 24-bit by 17-bit
unsigned multiply.
The breakdown of the multiply in module
(fJ:lU_mul) is broken up as follows
product_a = mul_a[23:0] * mul_b[16:0]
product_b= mul_a[23:0] * mul_b[33:17]
3. 55 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
Volume: 2 | Issue: 09 | September 2016 | ISSN: 2455-3778IJMTST
product_c= mul_a[23:0] * mul_b[50:34]
product_d =mul_a[23:0] * mutb[52:51]
product_e= mul_a[40:24] * mul_b[16:0]
productj= mul_a[40:24] * mutb[33:17]
product_g= mul_a[40:24] * mul_b[52:34]
product_h = mul_a[52:41] * mul_b[16:0]
product_i =mul_a[52:41] * mul_b[33:17]
productj =mul_a[52:41] * mul_b[52:34]
Figure 4. Black box view of floating point double precision
multiplier
The products (a-j) are added together, with the
appropriate offsets based on which part of the
mul_a and mul_b arrays they are multiplying.
fields of operands A and B are added together and
then the value (1023) is subtracted from the sum of
A and B. If the resultant exponent is less than 0,
then the (product) register needs to be right shifted
by the amount. This value is stored in register
(exponent_under). The final exponent of the output
operand will be 0 in this case, and the result will be
a denormalized number. If exponent_under is
greater than 52, then the mantissa will be shifted
out of the product register, and the output will be
0, and the "underflow" signal will be asserted. The
mantissa output from the (fJ:lU_mul) module is in
56-bit register (product_7). The MSB is a leading '0'
to allow for a potential overflow in the rounding
module. The first bit '0' is followed by the leading 'I'
for normalized numbers, or '0' for denormalized
numbers. Then the 52 bits of the mantissa follow.
Two extra bits follow the mantissa, and are used for
rounding purposes. The first extra bit is taken from
the next bit after the mantissa in the 106-bit
product result of the multiply. The second extra bit
is an OR of the 52 LSB's of the 106-bit product
B. Rounding and Exceptions
The IEEE standard specifies four rounding modes
round to nearest, round to zero, round to positive
infinity, and round to negative infmity. Table 1
shows the rounding modes selected for various bit
combinations of rmode. Based on the rounding
changes to the mantissa corresponding changes
has to be made in the exponent part also.
Table!: Rounding modes selected for various bit
combinations of rmode
Bit combination Rounding Mode
00 round-nearest-even
01 round to zero
10 round_up
I round down
In the exceptions module, all of the special
cases are checked for, and if they are found, the
appropriate output is created, and the individual
output signals of underflow, overflow, inexact,
exception, and invalid will be asserted if the
conditions for each case exist.
IV. RESULTS
The double precision floating point multiplier
design was simulated in Modelsim 6.6c and
synthesized using Xilinx ISE 12.2i which was
mapped on to Virtex-6 FPGA. The simulation
results of 64-bit floating point double precision
multiplier are shown in figure 5. The 'opa' and 'opb'
are the inputs and 'out' is the output. Table 2
shows the device utilization for implementing the
circuit on Virtex-6 FPGA. Table 3 shows the timing
summary of double precision floating point
multiplier. Table 4 shows the area and operating
frequency of double preCISIOn floating point
multiplier, Single precision floating point multiplier
[6] and Xilinx core respectively. M.AI-AshrafY,
A.Salem and W.Anis [6] implemented single
precision floating point multiplier and it occupies
an area of 604 slices and it's operating frequency is
301.114 MHz. Where as in case of XiIinx core, it
occupies an area of 266 slices and it's operating
frequency is 221.484 MHz. So the implemented
design provides high operating frequency with
more accuracy.
4. 56 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
An FPGA Based Floating Point Arithmetic Unit Using Verilog
Table2: Device utilization summary (Virtex -6vlx75ttl484-3)
of double precision floating point multiplier
Logic Utilization Used
Number of slice registers
(Flip-Flops) 1,998
Number of slice LUTs 2,181
Number of occupied slices 648
Number of bonded lOBs 203
Table 3: Timing summary of double precision floating point
multiplier
Parameter Valne
Minimum period (ns) 2All
Maximum Frequency (MHz) 414.714
Figure 5. Simulation results of double precision floating point multiplier
Table 4: Area and operating frequency of double precision
floating point multiplier, single precision floating point
multiplier [6] and Xilinx core
Present
Work M.AI-Ashrafy, A.Salem and Xilinx Core
W.Anis l6J
Device
paramete
rs
Double
Precision Single precision
Single
Precision
No. of
slices 648 604 266
V. CONCLUSION
The double precision floating point multiplier
supports the LEEE-754 binary interchange format,
targeted on a Xilinx Virtex-6 xc6vlx75t-3ff484
FPGA. The design achieved the operating
frequency of 414.714 MFLOPs with area of 648
slices. The implemented design is verified with
single precision floating point multiplier [6] and
Xilinx core, it provides high speed and supports
double precision, which gives more accuracy
compared to single precession. This design
handles the overflow, underflow, and truncation
rounding mode
REFERENCES
[1] B. Fagin and C. Renard, "Field Programmable Gate
Arrays and Floating Point Arithmetic," IEEE
Transactions on VLS1, vol. 2, no. 3,pp. 365-367,
1994.
[2] N. Shirazi, A. Walters, and P. Athanas, "Quantitative
Analysis of Floating Point Arithmetic on FPGA Based
Custom Computing Machines," Proceedings of the
IEEE Symposium on FPGAs for Custom Computing
Machines (FCCM"95),pp.155-162, 1995.
[3] L. Louca, T. A. Cook, and W. H. Johnson,
"Implementation of IEEE Single Precision Floating
Point Addition and Multiplication on FPGAs,"
Proceedings of 83rd IEEE Symposium on FPGAs for
5. 57 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
Volume: 2 | Issue: 09 | September 2016 | ISSN: 2455-3778IJMTST
Custom Computing Machines (FCCM"96),pp.
107-116,1996.
[4] A. Jaenicke and W. Luk, "Parameterized
Floating-Point Arithmetic on FPGAs", Proc. of IEEE
lCASSP, 2001,vol. 2, pp. 897-900.
[5] B. Lee and N. Burgess, "Parameterisable
Floating-point Operations on FPG A," Conference
Record of the Thirty- Sixth Asilomar Conference on
Signals, Systems, and Computers,2002.
[6] Mohamed AI-Ashraf)', Ashraf Salem, Wagdy Anis.,
"An Efficient Implementation of Floating Point
Multiplier ", Saudi International Electronics,
Communications and Photonics Conference
(SIECPC), pp. 1-5,24-26 April 2011.