Dark cotton garden soil is usually accumulated near KSRM college or university regarding KADAPA is usually stabilized along with arbitrarily sent out Polypropylene fibers’ in addition to Nonwoven geo-textile along with unique u/d rate in addition to yellow sand content material regarding 5, 10 in addition to 15 per cent through excess weight. The actual CBR testing have been carried out inside the laboratory work for unique combination size regarding fibers in addition to geo-textile along with dark-colored silk cotton garden soil. Substantial enhancement can be found in this CBR benefit regarding dark-colored silk cotton garden soil.
To Study the Effect of Use of Geosynthetics Fibres in Sub grade Soilijtsrd
Reinforcements and separation are the two functions of Geosynthetics in which pavement system is used in geogrids. The apertures are used in the products of geogrids.These products are mostly in large size and due to this,they are not used for getting separation of different materials. Gradation has main function to separate two different materials. Still, in theoretically geogrids can also give some separation mathods, but in a limited amount. In pavements, geogrids used separation method which is a secondary function or we can say it is use for some sepration of different materials and in reinforcement, geogrids used the primary function in pavements and geogrid used to improve the mechanically properties of engineering like M25 Grade Concrete. The reinforcement mechanisms associated withgeogrids. Er. Kapil Soni | Er. Sunil Kumar | Er. Vikram "To Study the Effect of Use of Geosynthetics Fibres in Sub grade Soil" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26479.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/26479/to-study-the-effect-of-use-of-geosynthetics-fibres-in-sub-grade-soil/er-kapil-soni
Stabilization of Expansive Soil Subgrade Using Recycled Carpet Waste and Fly AshEditorIJAERD
The structure of asphalt pavements subjected to problems and collapse for many reasons one of them, when
pavement section built on swelling soil, which has volumetric change due to variation of water content, which results the
appearance of cracks collapse. For this reason, additives are used for treating expansive soil and increase its efficiency.
Polymers are one of many types of additives; there are two types of polymers natural and synthetic. Using carpet
disposal waste in soil stabilization is one of solutions for obtaining safer and harder pavements. In addition to using
carpet waste will benefit the community environmentally and economically. For achieve this purpose a series of
laboratory investigation were carried out to evaluate the effect of treating the subgrade with carpet waste. CBR tests
were conducted on treated and untreated soil at different carpet waste contents ranged from 0.5% to 2% at an increase
rat of 0.5%. The results of CBR tests showed that the CBR value for treated soil with 0.5% carpet waste increased about
14 times their untreated soil
Experimental Study of Mechanical Properties and Drilling Properties of Glass ...IJERA Editor
The use of glass fiber polymer composite materials are on the rise due to their special properties like high specific strength and stiffness, excellent corrosion resistant, high damping, low thermal expansion high factor toughness. Majorly it is used in the fields of aerospace and automobiles especially in defense use. Though, manufacturing of these of these laminates are easy to their required shapes but obtaining a drilling in the laminate poses difficulty, due to its anisotropic non homogeneous nature. The rate of rejection at the final stage due to non selection of right machining drill parameters which makes the researchers to find the optimal solution effectively. Sometimes rejection rate accounts up-to 60% and hole drilling being one of the last operations creates many problems, mainly delamination stress concentration and improper hole quality with impounding higher cost factor. This paper presents an investigation on aspects of various mechanical properties and drilling of Glass fibre Mat Composite. Drilling experiments was conducted to study the delamination factor and hole quality on GFRP composites. Also the study carried out for Tensile Strength, Hardness and Flexural Strength of Glass Fibre Composite
Improvement in Properties of Black Cotton Soil with an Addition of Natural Fi...IJERA Editor
Improvement of soil in foundation is a major challenge in civil engineering. Structures built on black cotton soil may be damaged due to high swelling and shrinkage characteristics of this soil with variation of water content. Black cotton soil is an expansive soil which loses its strength in presence of water. On the other hand, it has behavior of shrinkage when loss of moisture is there. About 20 % of land area in India is covered by black cotton soil. Because of its swelling & shrinkage properties, it is also called expansive soil. The present paper is an attempt to study the effectiveness of coconut fiber (coir) to control swelling properties of black cotton soil along with an impact on its strength characteristics and dry density. The test results show that in presence of 2% coir fibre, the shrinkage limit is increases by 7.52% to 12.62%. Increase in compressive strength was observed from1.09 to1.32 kg per sq-cm.
To Study the Effect of Use of Geosynthetics Fibres in Sub grade Soilijtsrd
Reinforcements and separation are the two functions of Geosynthetics in which pavement system is used in geogrids. The apertures are used in the products of geogrids.These products are mostly in large size and due to this,they are not used for getting separation of different materials. Gradation has main function to separate two different materials. Still, in theoretically geogrids can also give some separation mathods, but in a limited amount. In pavements, geogrids used separation method which is a secondary function or we can say it is use for some sepration of different materials and in reinforcement, geogrids used the primary function in pavements and geogrid used to improve the mechanically properties of engineering like M25 Grade Concrete. The reinforcement mechanisms associated withgeogrids. Er. Kapil Soni | Er. Sunil Kumar | Er. Vikram "To Study the Effect of Use of Geosynthetics Fibres in Sub grade Soil" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26479.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/26479/to-study-the-effect-of-use-of-geosynthetics-fibres-in-sub-grade-soil/er-kapil-soni
Stabilization of Expansive Soil Subgrade Using Recycled Carpet Waste and Fly AshEditorIJAERD
The structure of asphalt pavements subjected to problems and collapse for many reasons one of them, when
pavement section built on swelling soil, which has volumetric change due to variation of water content, which results the
appearance of cracks collapse. For this reason, additives are used for treating expansive soil and increase its efficiency.
Polymers are one of many types of additives; there are two types of polymers natural and synthetic. Using carpet
disposal waste in soil stabilization is one of solutions for obtaining safer and harder pavements. In addition to using
carpet waste will benefit the community environmentally and economically. For achieve this purpose a series of
laboratory investigation were carried out to evaluate the effect of treating the subgrade with carpet waste. CBR tests
were conducted on treated and untreated soil at different carpet waste contents ranged from 0.5% to 2% at an increase
rat of 0.5%. The results of CBR tests showed that the CBR value for treated soil with 0.5% carpet waste increased about
14 times their untreated soil
Experimental Study of Mechanical Properties and Drilling Properties of Glass ...IJERA Editor
The use of glass fiber polymer composite materials are on the rise due to their special properties like high specific strength and stiffness, excellent corrosion resistant, high damping, low thermal expansion high factor toughness. Majorly it is used in the fields of aerospace and automobiles especially in defense use. Though, manufacturing of these of these laminates are easy to their required shapes but obtaining a drilling in the laminate poses difficulty, due to its anisotropic non homogeneous nature. The rate of rejection at the final stage due to non selection of right machining drill parameters which makes the researchers to find the optimal solution effectively. Sometimes rejection rate accounts up-to 60% and hole drilling being one of the last operations creates many problems, mainly delamination stress concentration and improper hole quality with impounding higher cost factor. This paper presents an investigation on aspects of various mechanical properties and drilling of Glass fibre Mat Composite. Drilling experiments was conducted to study the delamination factor and hole quality on GFRP composites. Also the study carried out for Tensile Strength, Hardness and Flexural Strength of Glass Fibre Composite
Improvement in Properties of Black Cotton Soil with an Addition of Natural Fi...IJERA Editor
Improvement of soil in foundation is a major challenge in civil engineering. Structures built on black cotton soil may be damaged due to high swelling and shrinkage characteristics of this soil with variation of water content. Black cotton soil is an expansive soil which loses its strength in presence of water. On the other hand, it has behavior of shrinkage when loss of moisture is there. About 20 % of land area in India is covered by black cotton soil. Because of its swelling & shrinkage properties, it is also called expansive soil. The present paper is an attempt to study the effectiveness of coconut fiber (coir) to control swelling properties of black cotton soil along with an impact on its strength characteristics and dry density. The test results show that in presence of 2% coir fibre, the shrinkage limit is increases by 7.52% to 12.62%. Increase in compressive strength was observed from1.09 to1.32 kg per sq-cm.
EVALUATION OFTENSILE PROPERTIESOF EPOXY RESIN BASED COMPOSITES REINFORCED WIT...IAEME Publication
In recent times the concern for the environmental pollution and the prevention of nonrenewable
and non- biodegradable resources has promoted research in the field of green
technologies, eco friendly, non polluting materials which can maximize energy and resource
savings. In the present work Jute fibres reinforced with biaxial glass fibres in epoxy matrix,
alongside Banana fibres reinforced with biaxial glass fibres in epoxy matrix and Flax fibres
reinforced with biaxial glass fibres in epoxy matrix was prepared and mechanical properties were
evaluated and compared for two weight fractions, the samples were prepared by using the hand
lay-up process and applying pressure at room temperature. The samples were subjected to tensile
testing was performed on the samples to investigate the mechanical properties and to suggest a
material which could compete with synthetic materials and still be easily disposed. Results of
wear test showed that with increasing reinforcement concentration the wear rate decreases but
with increasing speed, sliding distance the wear increases, additional interesting observation was
that banana hybrid composite showed less wear than all the other composites.
Study of Flexural Strength and Flexural Modulus of Reinforced Concrete Beams ...Premier Publishers
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of raffia palm fibre on some mechanical behaviour (flexural strength, flexural modulus, water absorption rate and density) of concrete. A concrete mix ratio of 1:2:4 was used for the concrete beams production, while a water to cement ratio (w/c) of 0.5 was adopted. In the study, three different fibre lengths (10, 20 and 30 mm) and three different fibre content (volume) by mass of fine aggregate (1, 2 and 3%) were considered. According to the results of the preliminary test carried out on the fine aggregate, it had a silt content of 1.6%, a moisture content of 8.3%, and a specific gravity of 2.95. Flexural properties of the beams were tested in accordance with ASTM recommended procedures after 28 curing days. Results obtained showed that fibre volume had significant (p ≤0.05) effect on the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the beams. The flexural strength and flexural modulus decreased linearly as the fibre volume increased from 0% to 3%. According to the results, the fibre reinforced beams were more ductile, when compared to the unreinforced concrete beams. In addition, the densities of the beams decreased with increase in the fibre volume; while their water absorption rate increased with increase in the fibre volume. The low densities and brittleness of the reinforced beams (at low volume) made them good building materials, especially when heavy weight beams are a problem, provided the beams are not exposed to high moisture levels.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Improvement of local subgrade soil for road constuction by the use of coconut...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
An Experimental Study on Properties of Concrete using Waste Plastic Scrap Mat...ijtsrd
Investigations were done on M 30grade concrete by replacing coarse aggregate partially by plastic fiber to get maximum strength. This work presents the Strength and workability results of waste plastic fiber reinforced concrete WPFRC . The different percentages of waste plastic fiber reinforced concrete used in the experimentation are 0 , 0.5 , 1 , and 2 by partial replacement of coarse aggregate using plastic fiber This Study presents the satisfactory results on various strength tests of concrete containing plastic fiber as a partial replacement of coarse aggregate and would help to resolve solid waste disposal problem. However, further research work is still necessary in order to have a more in depth understanding. Mahendra Yadav | Pratiksha Malviya ""An Experimental Study on Properties of Concrete using Waste Plastic Scrap Materials as Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25195.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/25195/an-experimental-study-on-properties-of-concrete-using-waste-plastic-scrap-materials-as-partial-replacement-of-coarse-aggregate/mahendra-yadav
Utilization of stonedust with plastic waste for improving the subgrade in hig...eSAT Journals
Abstract Stone dust is a kind of waste material that is generated from the stone crushing industry which is abundantly available to the extent of 200 million tonnes per annum , that has landfill disposal problems and health and environmental hazards. This study cover on utilization of stone dust reinforced with PET strips(polyethylene terephthalete)improving the sub grade. Now a day’s both stone dust and plastic water bottles are creating environmental disposal problem as well as health problem. Therefore utilization of these waste material in proper manner is creating challenge to society. PET strips obtained from waste plastic water bottle, were mixed randomly with stone dust. A series of California bearing ratio (CBR) tests were carried out on reinforced stone dust. Three different sizes of PET strips were used in this study. The effect of strips content(0.25% to 2%) and length on the CBR value of reinforced stonedust were investigated. Addition of PET strips with in stone dust with appropriate amount improved the strength of sub grade. This reinforcing material can used as sub grade material in constructing the rural road over saturated clay. This method is a environmental friendly and reduce the disposal problem. Keywords: Stone dust, polyethylene terephthalete, CBR value.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BEHAVIOR OF COIR FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETEIAEME Publication
Conventional concrete is robust in compression and weak in tension in order to swamp the weakness natural fibre is being equipped. The adoption of inherent fibres as edifice constituents is boon to procure a livable production. The comprehensive mission of this exploration is to stake out the discernible inspection of natural fibre in concrete structure. The coir fibre freshly tempted an influence as a workable fibre composite material, due to certain precise mechanical property which can be compared to artificial fibre. The coir fibre is treated using natural fluid before using in concrete, so that it is not be affected by moisture content presented in concrete. In this tentative study coir fibre is extant consumed in concrete thereby, the mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split-tensile strength, and modulus of rupture of M30Grade concrete and by capricious the spoonful of fibre gratified from0%, 2% 4%,6% and 8%. Stimulation should be given for the appliance of natural fibres which are regionally procurable materials, in the domain of civil engineering.
Mechanical Properties Of Sisal And Pineapple Fiber Hybrid Composites Reinforc...IJMER
In this study, Work has been carried out to investigated tensile , bending and impact
properties of hybrid composite of material constitutes sisal fiber and less discovered pineapple fiber.
These composites are adhered using epoxy resin cosists HY951 resin and LY551 hardener suitably
mixed in appropriate volume. Hybrid composites were prepared using sisal/pineapple fibers of 100/0,
70/30, 50/50, 30/70, and 0/100 Weight fraction ratios, while overall fiber weight fraction was fixed as
20gram. Here for preparing samples Hand lay up method is used , specimens are prepared , fibers are
arrenged in unidirectional manner and tests are carried out , which shows tensile and bending
strengths. The tensile & compressive test was applied on specimens of 300×50 & thickness varring
from 4-6 mm in dimensions but in different proportions of sisal and pineapple by weight. The test
result shows , the composite made by 50/50 fibers weight fraction of sisal & pineapple fiber has been
shown best impact strenght 47.2 N/mm2 as compare to other constitutes of sisal & pine fibers.this
constitute have good tensile & bending strength & their density is also less than sisal fibers. These
composites can be used in various purposes because of its unique features of recycleability, waste
utilization, environment friendly, bio-degradibility, good strength and a good alternative to plastics.
Analysis of the Flexure Behavior and Compressive Strength of Fly Ash Core San...IJERA Editor
In this paper, commercially available Fly Ash and Epoxy is used for the core material, woven glass fabric as reinforcing skin material, epoxy as matrix/adhesive materials used in this study for the construction of sandwich composite. Analysis is carried out on different proportions of epoxy and fly ash sandwiched composite material for determining the flexural strength and compressive strength, three different proportions of epoxy and fly ash used for the study. Those are 65%-35% (65% by weight fly ash and 35% by weight epoxy resin) composite material, 60%-40% and 55%-45% composite material. 60%-40% composite material specimen shows better results in the entire test carried out i.e. Flexure and Compression. The complete experimental results are discussed and presented in this paper.
Physical and mechanical properties of concrete incorporating industrial and a...eSAT Journals
Abstract To reduce the impact on the environment, industrial and agricultural waste products such as carpet waste, sisal and flax have been added to the concrete. Usage of these materials in concrete does not only improve the strength of concrete but also leads to the proper disposal of these materials that leads to reduce the impact on environment. Fiber admixture can effectively improve the mechanical and physical properties of concrete. Utilization of recycled fibers from post-consumer, industrial waste and agricultural waste offer some benefits such as waste reduction, resource conservation, also low-cost materials and reduced need for land filling. Concrete is a tension weak building material, which is often cracked not ridden in plastic and hardened states, drying shrinkage and so on, low tensile strength limited ductility and resistance to cracking. In order to improve attempt has been made to study the effect of these materials on ordinary Portland cement concrete. In the experimental work, glass fibers, sisal, flax and waste carpet waste in different percentage (0.5%, 1% and 2 %) has been added by volume of concrete volume. The hardened concrete properties compressive strength, dry Shrinkage, Impact stress, The effect of temperature and Thermal conductivity of Concrete) were carried out. A total of Thirteen concrete mixtures were performed with cement content of 350 Kg/m3 at water - cement ratio = 0.525 , The amount of water was adjusted according to cement content, The super plasticizer dosage varied from 0.8% to 2.5% of cement content to achieve the required level of workability defined by a slump value of 10± 2cm. KEYWORDS: Percentages added, concrete mixes, (sisal, flax, glass fiber and Carpet wastes fiber), Coarse Aggregate (CA), Fine Aggregate (FA), compressive strength test, dry Shrinkage, Impact energy , The effect of temperature and Thermal conductivity of Concrete test.
EVALUATION OFTENSILE PROPERTIESOF EPOXY RESIN BASED COMPOSITES REINFORCED WIT...IAEME Publication
In recent times the concern for the environmental pollution and the prevention of nonrenewable
and non- biodegradable resources has promoted research in the field of green
technologies, eco friendly, non polluting materials which can maximize energy and resource
savings. In the present work Jute fibres reinforced with biaxial glass fibres in epoxy matrix,
alongside Banana fibres reinforced with biaxial glass fibres in epoxy matrix and Flax fibres
reinforced with biaxial glass fibres in epoxy matrix was prepared and mechanical properties were
evaluated and compared for two weight fractions, the samples were prepared by using the hand
lay-up process and applying pressure at room temperature. The samples were subjected to tensile
testing was performed on the samples to investigate the mechanical properties and to suggest a
material which could compete with synthetic materials and still be easily disposed. Results of
wear test showed that with increasing reinforcement concentration the wear rate decreases but
with increasing speed, sliding distance the wear increases, additional interesting observation was
that banana hybrid composite showed less wear than all the other composites.
Study of Flexural Strength and Flexural Modulus of Reinforced Concrete Beams ...Premier Publishers
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of raffia palm fibre on some mechanical behaviour (flexural strength, flexural modulus, water absorption rate and density) of concrete. A concrete mix ratio of 1:2:4 was used for the concrete beams production, while a water to cement ratio (w/c) of 0.5 was adopted. In the study, three different fibre lengths (10, 20 and 30 mm) and three different fibre content (volume) by mass of fine aggregate (1, 2 and 3%) were considered. According to the results of the preliminary test carried out on the fine aggregate, it had a silt content of 1.6%, a moisture content of 8.3%, and a specific gravity of 2.95. Flexural properties of the beams were tested in accordance with ASTM recommended procedures after 28 curing days. Results obtained showed that fibre volume had significant (p ≤0.05) effect on the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the beams. The flexural strength and flexural modulus decreased linearly as the fibre volume increased from 0% to 3%. According to the results, the fibre reinforced beams were more ductile, when compared to the unreinforced concrete beams. In addition, the densities of the beams decreased with increase in the fibre volume; while their water absorption rate increased with increase in the fibre volume. The low densities and brittleness of the reinforced beams (at low volume) made them good building materials, especially when heavy weight beams are a problem, provided the beams are not exposed to high moisture levels.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Improvement of local subgrade soil for road constuction by the use of coconut...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
An Experimental Study on Properties of Concrete using Waste Plastic Scrap Mat...ijtsrd
Investigations were done on M 30grade concrete by replacing coarse aggregate partially by plastic fiber to get maximum strength. This work presents the Strength and workability results of waste plastic fiber reinforced concrete WPFRC . The different percentages of waste plastic fiber reinforced concrete used in the experimentation are 0 , 0.5 , 1 , and 2 by partial replacement of coarse aggregate using plastic fiber This Study presents the satisfactory results on various strength tests of concrete containing plastic fiber as a partial replacement of coarse aggregate and would help to resolve solid waste disposal problem. However, further research work is still necessary in order to have a more in depth understanding. Mahendra Yadav | Pratiksha Malviya ""An Experimental Study on Properties of Concrete using Waste Plastic Scrap Materials as Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25195.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/25195/an-experimental-study-on-properties-of-concrete-using-waste-plastic-scrap-materials-as-partial-replacement-of-coarse-aggregate/mahendra-yadav
Utilization of stonedust with plastic waste for improving the subgrade in hig...eSAT Journals
Abstract Stone dust is a kind of waste material that is generated from the stone crushing industry which is abundantly available to the extent of 200 million tonnes per annum , that has landfill disposal problems and health and environmental hazards. This study cover on utilization of stone dust reinforced with PET strips(polyethylene terephthalete)improving the sub grade. Now a day’s both stone dust and plastic water bottles are creating environmental disposal problem as well as health problem. Therefore utilization of these waste material in proper manner is creating challenge to society. PET strips obtained from waste plastic water bottle, were mixed randomly with stone dust. A series of California bearing ratio (CBR) tests were carried out on reinforced stone dust. Three different sizes of PET strips were used in this study. The effect of strips content(0.25% to 2%) and length on the CBR value of reinforced stonedust were investigated. Addition of PET strips with in stone dust with appropriate amount improved the strength of sub grade. This reinforcing material can used as sub grade material in constructing the rural road over saturated clay. This method is a environmental friendly and reduce the disposal problem. Keywords: Stone dust, polyethylene terephthalete, CBR value.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BEHAVIOR OF COIR FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETEIAEME Publication
Conventional concrete is robust in compression and weak in tension in order to swamp the weakness natural fibre is being equipped. The adoption of inherent fibres as edifice constituents is boon to procure a livable production. The comprehensive mission of this exploration is to stake out the discernible inspection of natural fibre in concrete structure. The coir fibre freshly tempted an influence as a workable fibre composite material, due to certain precise mechanical property which can be compared to artificial fibre. The coir fibre is treated using natural fluid before using in concrete, so that it is not be affected by moisture content presented in concrete. In this tentative study coir fibre is extant consumed in concrete thereby, the mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split-tensile strength, and modulus of rupture of M30Grade concrete and by capricious the spoonful of fibre gratified from0%, 2% 4%,6% and 8%. Stimulation should be given for the appliance of natural fibres which are regionally procurable materials, in the domain of civil engineering.
Mechanical Properties Of Sisal And Pineapple Fiber Hybrid Composites Reinforc...IJMER
In this study, Work has been carried out to investigated tensile , bending and impact
properties of hybrid composite of material constitutes sisal fiber and less discovered pineapple fiber.
These composites are adhered using epoxy resin cosists HY951 resin and LY551 hardener suitably
mixed in appropriate volume. Hybrid composites were prepared using sisal/pineapple fibers of 100/0,
70/30, 50/50, 30/70, and 0/100 Weight fraction ratios, while overall fiber weight fraction was fixed as
20gram. Here for preparing samples Hand lay up method is used , specimens are prepared , fibers are
arrenged in unidirectional manner and tests are carried out , which shows tensile and bending
strengths. The tensile & compressive test was applied on specimens of 300×50 & thickness varring
from 4-6 mm in dimensions but in different proportions of sisal and pineapple by weight. The test
result shows , the composite made by 50/50 fibers weight fraction of sisal & pineapple fiber has been
shown best impact strenght 47.2 N/mm2 as compare to other constitutes of sisal & pine fibers.this
constitute have good tensile & bending strength & their density is also less than sisal fibers. These
composites can be used in various purposes because of its unique features of recycleability, waste
utilization, environment friendly, bio-degradibility, good strength and a good alternative to plastics.
Analysis of the Flexure Behavior and Compressive Strength of Fly Ash Core San...IJERA Editor
In this paper, commercially available Fly Ash and Epoxy is used for the core material, woven glass fabric as reinforcing skin material, epoxy as matrix/adhesive materials used in this study for the construction of sandwich composite. Analysis is carried out on different proportions of epoxy and fly ash sandwiched composite material for determining the flexural strength and compressive strength, three different proportions of epoxy and fly ash used for the study. Those are 65%-35% (65% by weight fly ash and 35% by weight epoxy resin) composite material, 60%-40% and 55%-45% composite material. 60%-40% composite material specimen shows better results in the entire test carried out i.e. Flexure and Compression. The complete experimental results are discussed and presented in this paper.
Physical and mechanical properties of concrete incorporating industrial and a...eSAT Journals
Abstract To reduce the impact on the environment, industrial and agricultural waste products such as carpet waste, sisal and flax have been added to the concrete. Usage of these materials in concrete does not only improve the strength of concrete but also leads to the proper disposal of these materials that leads to reduce the impact on environment. Fiber admixture can effectively improve the mechanical and physical properties of concrete. Utilization of recycled fibers from post-consumer, industrial waste and agricultural waste offer some benefits such as waste reduction, resource conservation, also low-cost materials and reduced need for land filling. Concrete is a tension weak building material, which is often cracked not ridden in plastic and hardened states, drying shrinkage and so on, low tensile strength limited ductility and resistance to cracking. In order to improve attempt has been made to study the effect of these materials on ordinary Portland cement concrete. In the experimental work, glass fibers, sisal, flax and waste carpet waste in different percentage (0.5%, 1% and 2 %) has been added by volume of concrete volume. The hardened concrete properties compressive strength, dry Shrinkage, Impact stress, The effect of temperature and Thermal conductivity of Concrete) were carried out. A total of Thirteen concrete mixtures were performed with cement content of 350 Kg/m3 at water - cement ratio = 0.525 , The amount of water was adjusted according to cement content, The super plasticizer dosage varied from 0.8% to 2.5% of cement content to achieve the required level of workability defined by a slump value of 10± 2cm. KEYWORDS: Percentages added, concrete mixes, (sisal, flax, glass fiber and Carpet wastes fiber), Coarse Aggregate (CA), Fine Aggregate (FA), compressive strength test, dry Shrinkage, Impact energy , The effect of temperature and Thermal conductivity of Concrete test.
An Experimental Study of Soil Stabilization with Cement and Polymerijtsrd
The aim of the study was to determine the value of Unconfined compressive strength and CBR values of Soil after stabilizing it with Cement and Polymer. Soil stabilization has been widely used as an alternative to substitute the lack of suitable material on site. The utilization of nontraditional compound stabilizers in soil improvement is developing every day. In this investigation a lab try was led to assess the impacts of waterborne polymer on unconfined pressure quality on sandy soil and CBR Test on clayey soil .The lab tests were performed including grain size of sandy soil, unit weight, and unconfined compressive quality test. The sand and different measures of polymer 2 , 3 , and 4 and concrete 20 , 30 , and 40 were blended in with every one of them into mixture utilizing hand blending in research center conditions. The examples were exposed to unconfined pressure tests to decide their quality following 7 days of restoring. The consequences of the tests showed that the waterborne polymer fundamentally improved the unconfined pressure quality of sandy soils which have weakness of liquefaction. Polymer altered the building properties of soil through physical holding. The amount of polymer required to modify the engineering properties was directly related to specific surface and soil particle coating thickness. Polymer amended soils displayed a reduced performance compared to cement amended soils. Sankalp Jain | Prabhat Kumar Tiwari | Abhay Kumar Jha "An Experimental Study of Soil Stabilization with Cement and Polymer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47711.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47711/an-experimental-study-of-soil-stabilization-with-cement-and-polymer/sankalp-jain
A CRITICAL REVIEW ON APPLICATIONS OF NATURAL JUTE FIBRES A CASE STUDYIAEME Publication
Soil reinforcement technique is one of the most popular techniques used for improvement of poor soils. Metal strips, synthetic geotextiles, geogrid sheets, natural geotextiles, randomly distributed, synthetic and natural fibres are being used as reinforcing materials to soil. Further, the soil reinforcement causes significant improvement in tensile strength, shear strength, other properties, bearing capacity as well as economy. Use of natural fibre in civil engineering for improving soil properties is advantageous because they are cheap, locally available, biodegradable and environmental friendly. India has large tracks resting on expansive soil covering an area of 0.8million square meters which is about 20% of total area of India .These expansive soils undergo causes volumetric changes with change in moisture contents, swelling and shrinkage of these soil causes severe damage to the foundations, buildings, roads, retaining structures etc.In this project an attempt is made to study the influence of jute fibre reinforcement on cbr properties of expansive soil with increasing percentages 1%, 2% &3%.
An Experimental Study on Soil Stabilization by Using Bio Enzymesijtsrd
Normal The conventional methods are time consuming and are not efficiently feasible. Hence there is a need to find the other possible ways to assure the performance as well as economical criteria. These enzymes have been confirmed to be very effective and economical. Another benefit of the bioenzyme is that these are environment friendly. The efficiency of bio enzyme depends upon the quantity of dosage, type of soil and curing period. In our country vast areas consist of black soils. As the conservative soil stabilizers like gravel, sand and others are depleting and becoming dear day by day at a very rapid pace, it becomes essential to look towards for alternative eco friendly stabilizers as their alternate. Recently a lot of Bio enzymes have emerged as cost effective stabilizers for soil stabilization. Some such type of bio enzyme, like Terazyme, bagasse ash, lime etc. has been used in the present work. Recently many Bio enzymes have emerged as value powerful stabilizers for soil stabilization. One such bio enzyme, Terrazyme, has been used within side the gift paintings to take a look at its impact at the Unconfined Compressive electricity of the Black Cotton soil. It has been located that Terrazyme dealt with Black Cotton soil suggests vast boom in Unconfined Compressive electricity with longer curing period. Anushka Shrivastava | Dr. Anil Kumar Saxena "An Experimental Study on Soil Stabilization by Using Bio-Enzymes" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47686.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/47686/an-experimental-study-on-soil-stabilization-by-using-bioenzymes/anushka-shrivastava
A Study on Strength of Reinforced Flyash with Randomly Distributed FibersIJERD Editor
Flyash is a waste produced from thermal power stations, which contributes to environmental
pollution. It is a waste material that can be utilized in construction of roads and embankments. Randomly
distributed fiber reinforced soils have recently attracted increasing attention in geotechnical engineering. One of
the most promising approaches in this area is use of flyash as a replacement to the conventional weak earth
material and fiber/coir as reinforcement will solve two problems with one effort i.e. elimination of solid waste
problem on one hand and provision of a needed construction material on other. Disposal of a variety of wastes
in an eco friendly way is the thrust area of today’s research. This paper investigates to determine the optimum
percentage of waste plastics/coconut coir with flyash material by conducting direct shear and CBR tests. It was
observed that from the laboratory test results, the optimum percentage of waste plastics and coconut coir with
flyash material are 0.3% and 0.2% respectively and also flyash with waste plastics shows better performance as
compared to flyash with coconut coir.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
2. An Experimental Study on Effect of Reinforcement In Polymer and Fiber Forms on CBR
Value
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 353 editor@iaeme.com
encouragement operate throughout immersed ailments will be a different place, which
often calls for detailed brought on.
Lately the actual uses regarding fibers in several career fields include gained much
importance. Many studies on dirt strengthened fibers are already described. Fiber-
reinforced soil demonstrated this material could be some sort of useful as well as less
expensive way of encouragement regarding bass speaker class soil throughout
versatile streets [1]. Which have a practical systematically strengthened soil, at
random distributed dietary fiber strengthened soil display many advantages. At
random, distributed fibers provide strength isotropy as well as limited possible plane
regarding weak point that could acquire parallel for you to driven encouragement [2].
The means of reinforcing the actual dirt improves the firmness as well as heap hauling
ability in the dirt by way of frictional discussion relating to the dirt and the
encouragement [3]. Material is utilized to gauge some sort of technique pertaining to
blocking fracture innovations throughout dirt as a result of desiccation by means of
quick polymeric fibers. The add-on regarding at random distributed, discrete tensile
encouragement factors throughout dirt gives a possible treatment for the situation
regarding sloughing instability regarding levees [4]. This sort of factors can be found
as polypropylene fibers. There is risk of the use of dietary fiber reinforcing throughout
dirt because it will be growing the effectiveness of the actual dirt by reducing
desiccation great.
2. OBJECTIVES OF THE PRESENT STUDY
The objectives of the present experimental study are;
To evaluate the effectiveness of form of reinforcement with specific reference to
planar and randomly distributed forms.
To assess the role of soaking on reinforcement mechanism in terms of CBR
value.
It further includes the optimum fiber content and that is yielding
maximum CBR for the materials used in this dissertation.
To know the optimum depth of reinforced zone/Position of reinforcement.
3. LITERATURE REVIEW
A review of the literature revealed that various laboratory investigations have been
conducted on fiber-reinforced materials. The followings are the summaries of past
experimental research on the behavior of reinforced sand and clay.
Choudhary et al., (2010): carried out compilation of CBR tests on at random sturdy
soil through numerous portion associated with Large Solidity Polyethylene (HDPE)
pieces along with different program plans and ratios. Connection between CBR tests
proven which inclusion associated with HDPE pieces inside soil along with correct
volumes much better durability and deformation habits associated with subgrade
garden soil drastically. The actual tests were carried out on numerous strip material
associated with 0. 0%, 0. 25%, 0. 50%, 1. 0%, a couple of. 0% and 4. 0%.
Amin and Hamid., (2012): looked into the effects associated with soluble fiber
inclusion on CBR proportion. Some CBR tests were carriedout to evaluate side effects
associated with reinforcing the subgrade soil inside sidewalk method along with at
random distributed cheap fibres. In this study, just one style of soil (i. e. silty sand)
and two forms of soluble fiber were used.
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Naeini and Mirzakhanlari., (2008): carried out CBR tests to analyze the stress
sexual penetration behavior involving reinforced granular soil together with geo-
textile. Setting geo-textile in a number of interesting depth within just sample height
in a and a couple of tiers, the consequences involving the amount of geo- fabric
around the raise throughout bearing potential involving reinforced granular soil and
grading with efficiency involving geo-textile is actually discussed.
Bijayananda et 's., (2011): performed series of laboratory work drenched and
unsoaked CBR tests with aimlessly driven dietary fiber reinforced and unreinforced
garden soil examples compressed in OMC and MDD. A couple forms of aimlessly
spread under the radar fabric, polypropylene (synthetic) and coir (natural) were
employed to enhance your picked subgrade garden soil.
Senthil Kumar and Pandiammal Devi., (2011): performed CBR tests utilizing coir
and jute geo-textile. Your CBR support rate is used for the pattern involving unpaved
road, your CBR support rate value with the subgrade reinforced together with geo-
textile is actually obtained through conducting CBR check, to analyze the
consequence with the healthy geo-textiles around the delicate subgrade.
Writeup on novels offered earlier mentioned have usually demonstrated which,
energy with the garden soil has been enhanced through addition involving geo-textile,
geo-grid and healthy, manmade, Palm, LDPE and HDPE fabric. A lot of the work has
been carried out with remote and silty soil regarding increasing it's energy by
employing man made and healthy taken care of or perhaps unattended fabric. Your
swelling and shrinking behaviour involving delicate subgrades (Black natural cotton
soil) would be the major bring about for the destruction of pavement structure.
Preserving because each one of these earlier work, laboratory work investigation
is actually set up with Dark-colored natural cotton garden soil together with
polypropylene and nonwoven geo-textile support in the present study. The purpose of
that survey is usually to assess involving CBR beliefs involving crushed stone caused
through dietary fiber and geo-textile addition.
MATERIALS AND EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY
The effectiveness of using reinforced soil for improving the CBR value has studied,
CBR tests will conduct on samples reinforced with fibers and geo-textiles. This paper
provides in detail the physical and engineering properties of the materials used in the
present work and also the testing procedure for performing the experiment
investigations.
MATERIALS USED IN LABORATORY TESTING
The properties of the materials used for the experimental investigation are discussed
below. The type of material used in the investigation was black cotton soil. The
properties of the black cotton soil are presented below.
Black Cotton Soil
Expansive soils are commonly found in arid and semi arid regions. In India, about
20% of the soil cover is comprises of expansive soils also commonly known as black
cotton soil. Principally such soils contain montmorillonite as main clay mineral and
they exhibit high swelling and shrinkage with the seasonal moisture fluctuations. The
B.C soils are also varying in their clay content and activity from region to region.
4. An Experimental Study on Effect of Reinforcement In Polymer and Fiber Forms on CBR
Value
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In the present study black cotton soil is collected near KSRM College at
KADAPA.
Sand
The Sand used in the present study is collected locally.
Polypropylene Fiber
Polypropylene fiber is a chemically inactive additive.
Nonwoven Geo-textile
Nonwoven geo-textiles are manufactured from high quality polypropylene staple
fibers. The fibers are mechanically bonded through needle-punching to form a strong,
flexible and dimensionally stable fabric structure with optimum pore sizes and high
permeability. The geo-textile is resistant to chemicals and biological organisms
normally found in soils and are stabilized against degradation due to short-term
exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Nonwoven geo-textiles confirm to the following
property values.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
The objective of this study was to find out the increase in strength mobilization in
terms of CBR values, by conducting CBR tests on the subgrade soil when reinforced
with polypropylene fiber with varying contents and Nonwoven geo-textile placed at
different positions.
Preparation of Specimen
In this method, a known quantity of air-dried soil passing 20mm sieve was taken and
mixed with requisite water to get OMC and percentage of sand i.e.5%, 10% and 15%
placed in layers with polypropylene fiber contents of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% and
nonwoven geo-textile is placed with u/d ratio of 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0.
The samples were prepared by dynamic compaction method. The CBR cylindrical
mould having 150 mm inner diameter and 175mm height and, a cylindrical plunger of
50mm diameter is used for testing. Calculated quantity of wet soil was transferred to
mould and compacted with a light weight hammer of 2.6kg having drop of 310mm,
each layer being given 56 blows. Top surface was scratched and polypropylene fiber
reinforced sand is poured uniformly. Soil was put in the next layer and compacted as
in the previous case and fiber reinforced sand is poured in second layer. Finally soil
was put in third layer and compacted. After compacting another filter paper is kept on
the specimen and then placed the surcharge disc over it.
A second group of CBR tests were conducted on geo-textile reinforced sand
specimens under same soil and loading conditions. Instead of fiber inclusions, a
second sheet of the geo-textile was employed for reinforced sand systems in these
tests. Geo-textile reinforced sand is placed in two layers with u/d ratios of 0.6, 0.8 and
1.0. Where ‘u’ is the depth of geo-textile reinforcement from the surface, ‘d’ is
diameter of plunger. Schematic representations of the test specimens are shown in
Fig.1
In order to obtain the soaked CBR values, the specimens were soaked for 96 hours
before loading the specimen. To soak the specimen, the specimen in the mould and
surcharge weight was wrapped in a gunny bag and kept immersed in water. The
mould, after four days of soaking is taken out and water is allowed to drain off. The
5. V. Ramesh Babu and Dr. B. Ramesh Babu
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sample, along with the surcharge, is then subjected to loading. Photographic shows
the preparation of sample and CBR specimen in Fig.2 (a) and (b).
Penetration Piston
d
Geo-textile-reinforced sand
Figure 1 Cross section of test setup
a) b)
Figure 2 Photographic shows a) CBR specimen b) Preparation of sample
CBR Testing
The Fig 3 shows photograph of California bearing ratio test setup. The methodology
includes characterization of the materials used, the CBR values as per IS: 2720(Part-
16) - (1987) [28].
The mould containing the specimen, with the base plate in position shall be placed
on the lower plate of the testing machine. Annular surcharge weight equal intensity of
u
Clay
6. An Experimental Study on Effect of Reinforcement In Polymer and Fiber Forms on CBR
Value
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base material and the pavement is placed to prevent upheaval of soil. Penetration
plunger is inserted in between the annular weight then adjusted to make contact with
the specimen. Specimens were tested in a load frame, which gives the display of loads
and penetrations. A standard plunger of 50mm diameter was penetrated into the soil at
the rate of 0.625mm/minute. The load values corresponding to penetrations of 0.5mm,
1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm, 4.0mm, 5.0mm, 7.5mm, 10mm and 12.5mm
were noted.CBR value is expressed as a percentage of the actual load causing the
penetrations of 2.5 mm or 5.0 mm to the standard loads. The greatest value calculated
for penetrations at 2.5mm and 5.0mm will be recorded as the CBR value. From the
load - penetration graphs, CBR value was calculated as the highest value obtained
from the ratio of test load divided by the standard load and expressed in percentage.
The California bearing ratio is calculated as follows:
CBR (%) = x 100
Figure 3 California Bearing Ratio test setup
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Laboratory tests were conducted on black cotton soil with different 5%, 10% and 15%
sand content. The CBR values were studied with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5%
polypropylene fiber content and nonwoven geo-textile with u/d ratio 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0.
CBR values expressed in percentage for different cases are summarized, in which the
initial CBR refers to percentage CBR obtained for soil alone without any reinforced
material. The experimental results give a clear indication that the presence of fiber
and nonwoven geo-textile influences the CBR of the soil. The improvement in
strength of soil due to the addition of fiber and placement of geo-textile is a function
of interaction of fiber and geo-textile with the sand. It was observed that there exists
interaction between sands reinforced systematically with fiber and geo-textile in
soaked and unsoaked condition.
5. CONCLUSIONS
Laboratory test results for polypropylene fiber and nonwoven geo-textile with
different sand content of 5% , 10% and 15% have been presented in the paper .Based
on the investigations carried out in this project work the following conclusions were
made;
The California bearing ratio (CBR) value can be improved phenomenally by
reinforcing the material in both planar and in randomly distributed fiber forms.
The CBR increases with the increase in sand content at an optimum fiber content of
2.0% and geo-textile at u/d =0.8.
The improvement in CBR of randomly distributed fiber form has increased from
1.05% to 2.75% with a percentage increase of 55% in soaked condition and 2.99% to
4.77% with a percentage increase of 30% in unsoaked condition is achieved when
2.0% fiber content is used.
For the materials used in this study, The maximum improvement in CBR of geo-
textile has increased from 1.05% to 2.67% with a percentage increase of 50% in
soaked condition and 2.99% to 4.37% with a percentage increase of 20% in unsoaked
condition is achieved when the layer of geo-textile is placed at u/d=0.8.
The investigations showed that, reinforcement effect is present even under soaked
conditions.
7. V. Ramesh Babu and Dr. B. Ramesh Babu
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