Presentation about the article written by Hans Peter Schöner at the Magazine Elsevier: Control Engineering Practice, done for the class "Design of Mechatronic Systems" at the Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla. It includes the definition of Mechatronics, the diference between an automated system and a mechatronics one, the actual mechatronic systems in the vehicles and the limitations for the future development of the automotive industry which can be solved using Mechatronic with a proposed Development process.
William Good: Extra Small Modular ReactorsEnergyTech2015
EnergyTech2015.com
TERRESTRIAL POWER TECHNOLOGY II
Track 2 Session 2
Moderator: Don Brown, NASA
This session continued the previous session’s exploration of technologies to improve terrestrial power systems including; power systems for building and industrial power, advanced generation, energy storage and smart grid developments.
David J. Sadey: Paper 1: Operation and Control of a Three-Phase Megawatt-Class Variable Frequency Power Generation and Distribution System
William Good: Paper 2: Modular Nuclear Power
Josh Sparber: Paper 3: Effective Measures for Protection of US Power Grid
Neil Tyrrell : Paper 4: Fast and flexible combined cycle gas turbines
Voltage Stability Assessment using Phasor Measurement Units in Power Network ...Satyendra Singh
This paper presents the assessment methodology for
voltage stability using Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) with
complete system observability. For full power system
observability, the PMU placement is considered with and without
conventional power flow as well as injection measurement such
that minimum number of PMU’s is used. Data obtained by
PMU’s are used for voltage stability assessment with the help of
L-Index. As the PMU gives real time voltage and current phasors
and L-index is dependent on voltage and admittance values, thus
the L-index so obtained can be used as real time voltage stability
indicator. The case study has been carried out on IEEE-14 bus
system.
With increased competitiveness in power generation industries, more resources are directed in optimizing plant operation, including fault detection and diagnosis. One of the most powerful tools in faults detection and diagnosis is artificial intelligence AI . Faults should be detected early so correct mitigation measures can be taken, whilst false alarms should be eschewed to avoid unnecessary interruption and downtime. For the last few decades there has been major interest towards intelligent condition monitoring system ICMS application in power plant especially with AI development particularly in artificial neural network ANN . ANN is based on quite simple principles, but takes advantage of their mathematical nature, non linear iteration to demonstrate powerful problem solving ability. With massive possibility and room for improvement in AI, the inspiration for researching them are apparent, and literally, hundreds of papers have been published, discussing the findings of hybrid AI for condition monitoring purposes. In this paper, the studies of ANN and fuzzy logic application will be presented. P. Naveen | S. Nikitha | P. Sudeesh | V. Vaishnavi "Artificial Intelligence in Power Station" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29784.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/29784/artificial-intelligence-in-power-station/p-naveen
Presentation about the article written by Hans Peter Schöner at the Magazine Elsevier: Control Engineering Practice, done for the class "Design of Mechatronic Systems" at the Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla. It includes the definition of Mechatronics, the diference between an automated system and a mechatronics one, the actual mechatronic systems in the vehicles and the limitations for the future development of the automotive industry which can be solved using Mechatronic with a proposed Development process.
William Good: Extra Small Modular ReactorsEnergyTech2015
EnergyTech2015.com
TERRESTRIAL POWER TECHNOLOGY II
Track 2 Session 2
Moderator: Don Brown, NASA
This session continued the previous session’s exploration of technologies to improve terrestrial power systems including; power systems for building and industrial power, advanced generation, energy storage and smart grid developments.
David J. Sadey: Paper 1: Operation and Control of a Three-Phase Megawatt-Class Variable Frequency Power Generation and Distribution System
William Good: Paper 2: Modular Nuclear Power
Josh Sparber: Paper 3: Effective Measures for Protection of US Power Grid
Neil Tyrrell : Paper 4: Fast and flexible combined cycle gas turbines
Voltage Stability Assessment using Phasor Measurement Units in Power Network ...Satyendra Singh
This paper presents the assessment methodology for
voltage stability using Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) with
complete system observability. For full power system
observability, the PMU placement is considered with and without
conventional power flow as well as injection measurement such
that minimum number of PMU’s is used. Data obtained by
PMU’s are used for voltage stability assessment with the help of
L-Index. As the PMU gives real time voltage and current phasors
and L-index is dependent on voltage and admittance values, thus
the L-index so obtained can be used as real time voltage stability
indicator. The case study has been carried out on IEEE-14 bus
system.
With increased competitiveness in power generation industries, more resources are directed in optimizing plant operation, including fault detection and diagnosis. One of the most powerful tools in faults detection and diagnosis is artificial intelligence AI . Faults should be detected early so correct mitigation measures can be taken, whilst false alarms should be eschewed to avoid unnecessary interruption and downtime. For the last few decades there has been major interest towards intelligent condition monitoring system ICMS application in power plant especially with AI development particularly in artificial neural network ANN . ANN is based on quite simple principles, but takes advantage of their mathematical nature, non linear iteration to demonstrate powerful problem solving ability. With massive possibility and room for improvement in AI, the inspiration for researching them are apparent, and literally, hundreds of papers have been published, discussing the findings of hybrid AI for condition monitoring purposes. In this paper, the studies of ANN and fuzzy logic application will be presented. P. Naveen | S. Nikitha | P. Sudeesh | V. Vaishnavi "Artificial Intelligence in Power Station" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29784.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/29784/artificial-intelligence-in-power-station/p-naveen
Three phase induction motor Induction is one of the widest spread motor due to its
robustness, simple construction, no need for complex circuits for starting. With several
available speed control techniques, this paper presents a new Proportional-Integral (PI)
controller and Artificial Neural Network (ANNs) control system based on vector control
scheme. MATLAB/SIMULINK software may be used to create a 3phase induction engine
model. To achieve the effectiveness of the controller, the system is subjected to external
disturbance. Experimental results are presented and satisfied with the controller results.
Impact of Electric Vehicle Integration on Gridvivatechijri
Load flow analysis is most essential and important approach to investigate problems in power system. It can provide balance steady state operation of power system without considering transients in it. This project presents a new and efficient method for solving the Load flow problem of a distribution network. By using Backward/Forward sweep method parameters like voltage profile, total power losses, load on each bus of the Distribution Network will be known. By using Load Flow load balancing of the Distribution system can be achieved. For load balancing we will use the power stored in the Electric vehicle. As Electric vehicle has large battery pack for storage. The impact of Electric Vehicle and load flow of distribution network is computer programed to implement the power flow solution scheme in MATLAB software.
SE4SG 2013 : MODAM: A MODular Agent-Based Modelling Framework Jenny Liu
SE4SG 2013 Presentation by Fanny Boulaire at 2nd International Workshop on Software Engineering Challenges for the Smart Grid.
Please cite our workshop at
Ian Gorton, Yan Liu, Heiko Koziolek, Anne Koziolek, and Mazeiar Salehie. 2013. 2nd international workshop on software engineering challenges for the smart grid (SE4SG 2013). In Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE '13). IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 1553-1554.
In this webinar, learn how OPAL-RT's state-of-the-art Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulation solutions empower engineers to design and test ECUs, and other integrated power electronic systems and controllers, with efficiency.
Design and Performance Analysis of Grid Connected Solar PV system using PV-sy...BILAL ALAM
PV syst software is one of the oldest software, developed by the university of Geneva, in 1992
In 1992, he started to develop the PV syst software for case study and simulation of the photovoltaic system . he develops a tool for the 3D shading constructions, the simulation of stand alone and Grid connected PV system
Modeling and Simulation of Electrical Power Systems using OpenIPSL.org and Gr...Luigi Vanfretti
Title:
Modeling and Simulation of Electrical Power Systems using OpenIPSL.org and GridDyn
Presenters:
Luigi Vanfretti (RPI) & Philip Top (LNLL)
luigi.vanfretti@gmail.com, top1@llnl.gov
Abstract:
The Modelica language, being standardized and equation-based, has proven valuable for the for model exchange, simulation and even for model validation applications in actual power systems. These important features have been now recognized by the European Network of Transmission System Operators, which have adopted the Modelica language for dynamic model exchange in the Common Grid Model Exchange Standard (v2.5, Annex F).
Following previous FP7 project results, within the ITEA 3 openCPS project, the presenters have continued the efforts of using the Modelica language for power system modeling and simulation, by developing and maintaining the OpenIPSL library: https://github.com/SmarTS-Lab/OpenIPSL
This seminar first gives an overview of the origins of the OpenIPSL and it’s models, it contrasts it against typical power system tools, and gives an introduction the OpenIPSL library. The new project features that help in the OpenIPSL maintenance (use of continuous integration, regression testing, documentation, etc.) are also described.
Finally, the seminar will present current work at LNLL that exploits OpenIPSL in coordination with other tools including ongoing work integrating openIPSL models into GridDyn an open-source power system simulation tool, as well as a demos of the use of openIPSL libraries in GridDyn.
Bios:
Luigi Vanfretti (SMIEEE’14) obtained the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electric power engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA, in 2007 and 2009, respectively.
He was with KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, as Assistant 2010-2013), and Associate Professor (Tenured) and Docent (2013-2017/August); where he lead the SmarTS Lab and research group. He also worked at Statnett SF, the Norwegian electric power transmission system operator, as consultant (2011 - 2012), and Special Advisor in R&D (2013 - 2016).
He joined Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in August 2017, to continue to develop his research at ALSETLab: http://alsetlab.com
His research interests are in the area of synchrophasor technology applications; and cyber-physical power system modeling, simulation, stability and control.
Philp Top (Lawrence Livermore National Lab)
PhD 2007 Purdue University. Currently a Research Engineer at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, CA. Philip has been involved in several projects connected with the DOE effort on Grid Modernization including projects on modeling and simulation, co-simulation and smart grid data analytics. He is the principle developer on the open source power system simulation tool GridDyn, and a key contributor to the HELICS open source co-simulation framework.
Analysis of control systems of small hydro power plant on islanding operation...Himanshu Paghdal
The purpose of the work is to analyse the control system of small hydropower plants. During this operation, the islanding operation and the grid connection will be controlled by the scheme. Micro-hydro-electric power is an efficient and astonishing form of a clean source of renewable energy.
It is a super method of using renewable energy from small rivers. It can only be built on the type of river due to the requirement of a reservoir for power turbine. The water is passed directly through the turbine and it will pass continuously so that we can also be used for other purposes.
Hydropower plant can be discharged in three parts, controllers, hydro servo systems and hydro turbines. The additives of these parts, called hydro-turbine governors, which are connected to the synchronous generator to run the shaft generated by the turbine's mechanical energy, are converted into electrical energy. This arrangement is giving power to the mutual electrical 3-stage parallel RLC load. Modules are designed on Simulink.
Analyses and monitoring of 132 k v grid using etap softwareArslan Sajjad
This research paper has been written by Rana A. Jabbar Khan, Muhammad Junaid and Muhammad Mansoor Asgher who belong to Rachna College of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala, Pakistan.
ENERGY HARVESTING FROM REVOLVING DOORSvivatechijri
As today’s world is completely dependent on different types of energies and these energies are going to disappear or exhaust one or the other day so we need to use free energy to run our basic appliances which require electricity for its working. So there is a dire need to find new sources of energy. Most people do not realize that there is a lot of energy that is formed around them all the time. The purpose of this project is to show that the ambient energy in the surroundings can be utilized to generate electricity. In this project, the energy used to open a revolving door is being converted into electrical energy with the help of gears and generator. Further, this electrical energy can be regulated according to the load requirement. Accordingly, a revolving door prototype is designed, fabricated and tested. This prototype can be further optimized in terms of size to generate more electrical energy.
ECMFA 2015 - Energy Consumption Analysis and Design with Foundational UMLLuca Berardinelli
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are nowadays applied to a
wide set of domains (e.g., security, health). WSN are networks of spatially distributed, radio-communicating, battery-powered, autonomous sensor nodes. WSN are characterized by scarcity of resources, hence an application running on them should carefully manage its resources. The most critical resource in WSN is the nodes’ battery.
In this paper, we propose model-based engineering facilities to analyze the energy consumption and to develop energy-aware applications for WSN that are based on Agilla Middleware. For this aim i) we extend the Agilla Instruction Set with the new battery instruction able to retrieve the battery Voltage of a WSN node at run-time; ii) we measure the energy that the execution of each Agilla instruction consumes on a target platform; and iii) we extend the Agilla Modeling Framework with a new analysis that, leveraging the conducted energy consumption measurements, predicts the energy required by the Agilla agents running on the WSN. Such analysis, implemented in fUML, is based on simulation and it guides the design of WSN applications that guarantee low energy consumption. The approach is showed on the Reader agent used in the Wild Fire Tracker Application.
Monitoring of Transmission and Distribution Grids using PMUsLuigi Vanfretti
My presentation on "Monitoring of Transmission and Distribution Grids using PMUs" for the Workshop on Energy Business Opportunities in NY State.
The Center for Integrated Electrical Energy Systems (CIEES) at Stony Brook University and the Center for Future Energy Systems (CFES) at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute will be holding a one day Workshop on Energy Business Opportunities in NY State.
Three phase induction motor Induction is one of the widest spread motor due to its
robustness, simple construction, no need for complex circuits for starting. With several
available speed control techniques, this paper presents a new Proportional-Integral (PI)
controller and Artificial Neural Network (ANNs) control system based on vector control
scheme. MATLAB/SIMULINK software may be used to create a 3phase induction engine
model. To achieve the effectiveness of the controller, the system is subjected to external
disturbance. Experimental results are presented and satisfied with the controller results.
Impact of Electric Vehicle Integration on Gridvivatechijri
Load flow analysis is most essential and important approach to investigate problems in power system. It can provide balance steady state operation of power system without considering transients in it. This project presents a new and efficient method for solving the Load flow problem of a distribution network. By using Backward/Forward sweep method parameters like voltage profile, total power losses, load on each bus of the Distribution Network will be known. By using Load Flow load balancing of the Distribution system can be achieved. For load balancing we will use the power stored in the Electric vehicle. As Electric vehicle has large battery pack for storage. The impact of Electric Vehicle and load flow of distribution network is computer programed to implement the power flow solution scheme in MATLAB software.
SE4SG 2013 : MODAM: A MODular Agent-Based Modelling Framework Jenny Liu
SE4SG 2013 Presentation by Fanny Boulaire at 2nd International Workshop on Software Engineering Challenges for the Smart Grid.
Please cite our workshop at
Ian Gorton, Yan Liu, Heiko Koziolek, Anne Koziolek, and Mazeiar Salehie. 2013. 2nd international workshop on software engineering challenges for the smart grid (SE4SG 2013). In Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE '13). IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 1553-1554.
In this webinar, learn how OPAL-RT's state-of-the-art Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulation solutions empower engineers to design and test ECUs, and other integrated power electronic systems and controllers, with efficiency.
Design and Performance Analysis of Grid Connected Solar PV system using PV-sy...BILAL ALAM
PV syst software is one of the oldest software, developed by the university of Geneva, in 1992
In 1992, he started to develop the PV syst software for case study and simulation of the photovoltaic system . he develops a tool for the 3D shading constructions, the simulation of stand alone and Grid connected PV system
Modeling and Simulation of Electrical Power Systems using OpenIPSL.org and Gr...Luigi Vanfretti
Title:
Modeling and Simulation of Electrical Power Systems using OpenIPSL.org and GridDyn
Presenters:
Luigi Vanfretti (RPI) & Philip Top (LNLL)
luigi.vanfretti@gmail.com, top1@llnl.gov
Abstract:
The Modelica language, being standardized and equation-based, has proven valuable for the for model exchange, simulation and even for model validation applications in actual power systems. These important features have been now recognized by the European Network of Transmission System Operators, which have adopted the Modelica language for dynamic model exchange in the Common Grid Model Exchange Standard (v2.5, Annex F).
Following previous FP7 project results, within the ITEA 3 openCPS project, the presenters have continued the efforts of using the Modelica language for power system modeling and simulation, by developing and maintaining the OpenIPSL library: https://github.com/SmarTS-Lab/OpenIPSL
This seminar first gives an overview of the origins of the OpenIPSL and it’s models, it contrasts it against typical power system tools, and gives an introduction the OpenIPSL library. The new project features that help in the OpenIPSL maintenance (use of continuous integration, regression testing, documentation, etc.) are also described.
Finally, the seminar will present current work at LNLL that exploits OpenIPSL in coordination with other tools including ongoing work integrating openIPSL models into GridDyn an open-source power system simulation tool, as well as a demos of the use of openIPSL libraries in GridDyn.
Bios:
Luigi Vanfretti (SMIEEE’14) obtained the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electric power engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA, in 2007 and 2009, respectively.
He was with KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, as Assistant 2010-2013), and Associate Professor (Tenured) and Docent (2013-2017/August); where he lead the SmarTS Lab and research group. He also worked at Statnett SF, the Norwegian electric power transmission system operator, as consultant (2011 - 2012), and Special Advisor in R&D (2013 - 2016).
He joined Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in August 2017, to continue to develop his research at ALSETLab: http://alsetlab.com
His research interests are in the area of synchrophasor technology applications; and cyber-physical power system modeling, simulation, stability and control.
Philp Top (Lawrence Livermore National Lab)
PhD 2007 Purdue University. Currently a Research Engineer at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, CA. Philip has been involved in several projects connected with the DOE effort on Grid Modernization including projects on modeling and simulation, co-simulation and smart grid data analytics. He is the principle developer on the open source power system simulation tool GridDyn, and a key contributor to the HELICS open source co-simulation framework.
Analysis of control systems of small hydro power plant on islanding operation...Himanshu Paghdal
The purpose of the work is to analyse the control system of small hydropower plants. During this operation, the islanding operation and the grid connection will be controlled by the scheme. Micro-hydro-electric power is an efficient and astonishing form of a clean source of renewable energy.
It is a super method of using renewable energy from small rivers. It can only be built on the type of river due to the requirement of a reservoir for power turbine. The water is passed directly through the turbine and it will pass continuously so that we can also be used for other purposes.
Hydropower plant can be discharged in three parts, controllers, hydro servo systems and hydro turbines. The additives of these parts, called hydro-turbine governors, which are connected to the synchronous generator to run the shaft generated by the turbine's mechanical energy, are converted into electrical energy. This arrangement is giving power to the mutual electrical 3-stage parallel RLC load. Modules are designed on Simulink.
Analyses and monitoring of 132 k v grid using etap softwareArslan Sajjad
This research paper has been written by Rana A. Jabbar Khan, Muhammad Junaid and Muhammad Mansoor Asgher who belong to Rachna College of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala, Pakistan.
ENERGY HARVESTING FROM REVOLVING DOORSvivatechijri
As today’s world is completely dependent on different types of energies and these energies are going to disappear or exhaust one or the other day so we need to use free energy to run our basic appliances which require electricity for its working. So there is a dire need to find new sources of energy. Most people do not realize that there is a lot of energy that is formed around them all the time. The purpose of this project is to show that the ambient energy in the surroundings can be utilized to generate electricity. In this project, the energy used to open a revolving door is being converted into electrical energy with the help of gears and generator. Further, this electrical energy can be regulated according to the load requirement. Accordingly, a revolving door prototype is designed, fabricated and tested. This prototype can be further optimized in terms of size to generate more electrical energy.
ECMFA 2015 - Energy Consumption Analysis and Design with Foundational UMLLuca Berardinelli
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are nowadays applied to a
wide set of domains (e.g., security, health). WSN are networks of spatially distributed, radio-communicating, battery-powered, autonomous sensor nodes. WSN are characterized by scarcity of resources, hence an application running on them should carefully manage its resources. The most critical resource in WSN is the nodes’ battery.
In this paper, we propose model-based engineering facilities to analyze the energy consumption and to develop energy-aware applications for WSN that are based on Agilla Middleware. For this aim i) we extend the Agilla Instruction Set with the new battery instruction able to retrieve the battery Voltage of a WSN node at run-time; ii) we measure the energy that the execution of each Agilla instruction consumes on a target platform; and iii) we extend the Agilla Modeling Framework with a new analysis that, leveraging the conducted energy consumption measurements, predicts the energy required by the Agilla agents running on the WSN. Such analysis, implemented in fUML, is based on simulation and it guides the design of WSN applications that guarantee low energy consumption. The approach is showed on the Reader agent used in the Wild Fire Tracker Application.
Monitoring of Transmission and Distribution Grids using PMUsLuigi Vanfretti
My presentation on "Monitoring of Transmission and Distribution Grids using PMUs" for the Workshop on Energy Business Opportunities in NY State.
The Center for Integrated Electrical Energy Systems (CIEES) at Stony Brook University and the Center for Future Energy Systems (CFES) at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute will be holding a one day Workshop on Energy Business Opportunities in NY State.
Presentation from the EPRI-Sandia Symposium on Secure and Resilient Microgrids: Micro grid design: Considerations & interconnection studies, presented by Mobolaji Bello, EPRI, Baltimore, MD, August 29-31, 2016.
CIM to Modelica Factory - Automated Equation-Based Cyber-Physical Power Syste...Luigi Vanfretti
The Common Information Model (CIM) is described using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). UML can also describe data model of cyber-physical power system components and networks. However, there are several difficulties to transform the data model into a strictly defined mathematical model. A strictly defined mathematical model is one for which all-differential algebraic and discrete model equations are explicitly defined [1] (i.e. the equations are written in human readable form). This is known as equation-based modelling [2], and it is utilized in many areas such as the automotive and aerospace industry [3].
The automated generation of an unambiguous equation-based model would allow performing time-domain simulations of cyber-physical power systems [4] and the assessment of textual requirements, which could be defined from the UML model directly [5]. This flexibility would allow adopting model-based systems engineering practices within the power industry, such as those used in process control.
For the implementation of models in an equation-based language, the Modelica language [6] is the one of the best choices because it follows the Object Oriented Programming (OOP) notation, with a close relation with UML. Furthermore, the ModelicaML [5], an extended subset of the OMG Unified Modeling Language, enables integrated modelling and simulation of system requirements and design. Combining CIM, ModelicaML and Modelica models of cyber-physical power system components it is possible to automatically generate unambiguous mathematical models that can be used for simulation and requirements verification [7].
This CIM to Modelica Factory talk explores this possibility.
One of the main challenges that we face with power systems models defined using the Modelica language is the initialization of the dynamic states (in equilibrium condition) of the components within a model [8, 9]. However, objects and components modelled in CIM standard contain attributes for storing a power flow solution.
The purpose of the work described in this presentation is to develop a software tool capable to transform a CIM object model into a Modelica model that can be directly simulated using different Modelica engines. To this aim, we start from the CIM/UML representation of power system components and models, and exploit the ModelicaML profile to achieve a proper code representation of the power system in Modelica code. To confront issues with dynamic initialization, the power flow solution from CIM is linked to the Modelica component models and utilized within the initialization algorithms of the simulation engines. The result is a software tool that allows performing time domain simulations directly from a CIM/UML structure, while maintaining consistency in the resulting mathematical model within different simulation engines.
This slide is an introductory part of the course Computer Application in Power system. it will describe the basic tasks of a computer and different computer application areas.
Core technology of Hyundai Motor Group's EV platform 'E-GMP'Hyundai Motor Group
What’s the force behind Hyundai Motor Group's EV performance and quality?
Maximized driving performance and quick charging time through high-density battery pack and fast charging technology and applicable to various vehicle types!
Discover more about Hyundai Motor Group’s EV platform ‘E-GMP’!
"Trans Failsafe Prog" on your BMW X5 indicates potential transmission issues requiring immediate action. This safety feature activates in response to abnormalities like low fluid levels, leaks, faulty sensors, electrical or mechanical failures, and overheating.
Things to remember while upgrading the brakes of your carjennifermiller8137
Upgrading the brakes of your car? Keep these things in mind before doing so. Additionally, start using an OBD 2 GPS tracker so that you never miss a vehicle maintenance appointment. On top of this, a car GPS tracker will also let you master good driving habits that will let you increase the operational life of your car’s brakes.
What Does the PARKTRONIC Inoperative, See Owner's Manual Message Mean for You...Autohaus Service and Sales
Learn what "PARKTRONIC Inoperative, See Owner's Manual" means for your Mercedes-Benz. This message indicates a malfunction in the parking assistance system, potentially due to sensor issues or electrical faults. Prompt attention is crucial to ensure safety and functionality. Follow steps outlined for diagnosis and repair in the owner's manual.
𝘼𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙦𝙪𝙚 𝙋𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙘 𝙏𝙧𝙖𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙞𝙨 𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙮 𝙛𝙖𝙢𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙛𝙤𝙧 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙛𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙞𝙧 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙩𝙨. 𝙒𝙚 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚 𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙥𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙘 𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙪𝙨𝙚𝙙 𝙞𝙣 𝙖𝙪𝙩𝙤𝙢𝙤𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙪𝙩𝙤 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙖𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙛𝙖𝙢𝙤𝙪𝙨 𝙘𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙚𝙨 𝙗𝙪𝙮 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙡𝙚𝙨 𝙛𝙧𝙤𝙢 𝙪𝙨.
Over the 10 years, we have gained a strong foothold in the market due to our range's high quality, competitive prices, and time-lined delivery schedules.
Why Is Your BMW X3 Hood Not Responding To Release CommandsDart Auto
Experiencing difficulty opening your BMW X3's hood? This guide explores potential issues like mechanical obstruction, hood release mechanism failure, electrical problems, and emergency release malfunctions. Troubleshooting tips include basic checks, clearing obstructions, applying pressure, and using the emergency release.
5 Warning Signs Your BMW's Intelligent Battery Sensor Needs AttentionBertini's German Motors
IBS monitors and manages your BMW’s battery performance. If it malfunctions, you will have to deal with an array of electrical issues in your vehicle. Recognize warning signs like dimming headlights, frequent battery replacements, and electrical malfunctions to address potential IBS issues promptly.
In this presentation, we have discussed a very important feature of BMW X5 cars… the Comfort Access. Things that can significantly limit its functionality. And things that you can try to restore the functionality of such a convenient feature of your vehicle.
Comprehensive program for Agricultural Finance, the Automotive Sector, and Empowerment . We will define the full scope and provide a detailed two-week plan for identifying strategic partners in each area within Limpopo, including target areas.:
1. Agricultural : Supporting Primary and Secondary Agriculture
• Scope: Provide support solutions to enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Tzaneen, Thohoyandou, Makhado, and Giyani.
2. Automotive Sector: Partnerships with Mechanics and Panel Beater Shops
• Scope: Develop collaborations with automotive service providers to improve service quality and business operations.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Lephalale, Mokopane, Phalaborwa, and Bela-Bela.
3. Empowerment : Focusing on Women Empowerment
• Scope: Provide business support support and training to women-owned businesses, promoting economic inclusion.
• Target Areas: Polokwane, Thohoyandou, Musina, Burgersfort, and Louis Trichardt.
We will also prioritize Industrial Economic Zone areas and their priorities.
Sign up on https://profilesmes.online/welcome/
To be eligible:
1. You must have a registered business and operate in Limpopo
2. Generate revenue
3. Sectors : Agriculture ( primary and secondary) and Automative
Women and Youth are encouraged to apply even if you don't fall in those sectors.
Ever been troubled by the blinking sign and didn’t know what to do?
Here’s a handy guide to dashboard symbols so that you’ll never be confused again!
Save them for later and save the trouble!
What Exactly Is The Common Rail Direct Injection System & How Does It WorkMotor Cars International
Learn about Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDi) - the revolutionary technology that has made diesel engines more efficient. Explore its workings, advantages like enhanced fuel efficiency and increased power output, along with drawbacks such as complexity and higher initial cost. Compare CRDi with traditional diesel engines and discover why it's the preferred choice for modern engines.
Fleet management these days is next to impossible without connected vehicle solutions. Why? Well, fleet trackers and accompanying connected vehicle management solutions tend to offer quite a few hard-to-ignore benefits to fleet managers and businesses alike. Let’s check them out!
6. COMMUNICATION BETWEEN ECU‟S
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Standard communication protocols are used.
CAN (Controller Area Network)
LIN (Local Interconnect Network)
MOST (Media Oriented Systems Transport) are a few examples.
7. FLEXRAY – THE FUTURE
•
A hybrid protocol
Time Triggered (TT) messages and Event Triggered (ET) messages
•
Consists of two segments – Static segment (ST) and Dynamic segment (DYN)
•
Uses TDMA for communication (Time Division Multiple Access)
9. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
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Implemented by two schedulers.
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Static Cyclic Scheduler
--- non-preempt tasks.
--- start time is decided at the design time or “off-line”.
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Fixed Priority Scheduler
--- preempt tasks.
--- scheduled based priorities.
12. THE PROTOCOL
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Communication occurs in periodic cycles
•
Each cycle consists of two intervals – ST and DYN intervals
•
ST and DYN segment lengths can be different but are fixed over the cycles.
•
Symbol Window and a network idle timer.
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Frame Identifier
13. PAYLOAD SEGMENT
•
Slot counters – Static and Dynamic
•
Dynamic mini-slot counters
•
Node with frame identifier equal to the current slot counter is allowed to communicate.
14. CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION
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Backbone of FlexRay operation.
•
Clock system in a distributed system would be subject to “clock-drift”.
•
Clock drift is an inevitable inherent delay in the arrival of clock from one point to another.
•
But a global clock reference is needed to keep track of time.
•
FlexRay uses „micro-ticks” and “macro-ticks”.
•
“Cluster time” is used as a reference of global clock.
18. MODERN ELECTRONIC CONTROL UNITS
•
Energy was considered to be “freely available” until now.
•
Energy consumption is directly related to CO 2 emmission of the vehicle.
E/E Architecture
-
Partial networking.
-
AUTOSAR.
19. AUTOSAR (AUTOMOTIVE OPEN SYSTEM
ARCHITECTURE)
•
An awesome group of companies working towards delivering the best on production lines
to the world!
•
Similar to the SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) – Another awesome group. The
biggest!
20. POWER AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Optimize energy consumption of electronic components.
Use of networking policies to save power and energy policies. (Communication Energy)
22. CAN – CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK
•
CSMA – Carrier Sense Multiple Access
•
Speeds up to 1 Mbps are achievable.
•
Bus topology.
•
Nothing specific in the protocol to put a node to sleep / turn-off.
•
A “sleeping” node “wakes up” if there is any activity on the bus.
•
CAN sleep object is a random sleep object.
23. FLEXRAY
•
TDMA – Time Division Multiple Access.
•
Speeds up to 10 Mbps are achievable.
•
Sleep object same as CAN.
•
Wake up is performed by sending out a specific symbol.
24. LIN – LOCAL INTERCONNECT NETWORK
•
Connects sensors and actuators.
•
One wire communication protocol.
•
Speeds up to 20kbps.
•
Master slave network is employed. One way communication. One master controls one or
more slaves. Therefore there is no need for conflict avoidance / collision.
25. MULTI-CORE MCU‟S
•
Homogeneous and Heterogeneous multi-core MCU‟s.
•
Multicore benefits.
-
Redundancy
-
Monitoring
•
Code segregation
Dedicated use of cores
Non-volatile Memory
How they originated? Engine Control UnitWhat is an Engine Control Unit? Radial enginesElectronic Control Units
Memory usually occupies the a lot of space.
Power Steering has to do with an ECU that controls a hydraulic pump that pumps hydraulic fluid when, in the direction and as much as the ECU “tells” it to in order to control the steering motion of a car. The ECU knows what has to be done by reading the steering angle on the steering wheel which is the driver input. The ECU reads this input and instructs another set of systems to provide the driver with feedback in the form of steering counterforce on the steering action
- The function of the CHI is to implement the FlexRay protocol and it is not dependent on the CPU for this. The communication controller does the job using just information form the CPU.