This document provides a description of the components and systems of an ammonia booster compressor, including:
1. The compressor is a positive displacement oil injected screw compressor that compresses gas via meshing rotors.
2. The gas circuit includes an oil separator, gas cooler, and secondary oil separator to reduce oil carryover before the gas exits.
3. The lubrication system uses oil pumps and filters to supply pressurized oil to the compressor and includes components like an oil cooler and pressure control valve.
hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering
hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering
hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering
A compressor is a type of machine that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor. Compressors helps to transport the fluid through a pipe maintaining the high pressure conditions. It is convers power (using and electrical motor, diesel or gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy stored in pressurized air. The main and important types of gas compressors are illustrated and discussed below.
Steam Turbine Lube Oil System Protections Using SCADA & PLCNilesh Jha
Steam Turbine Protection System is designed with today technology to operate the thermal power plants in safe and reliable manner. The protection system operates only when any of the control system set point parameter is exceeded, and the steam turbine will damaged if it continues to operate. This paper presents overview of the steam turbine protection logics of lube of system and implementation for smooth automatic operation by using SIMATIC S7 PLC programming along with monitoring SCADA SYSTEM by using WinCC software.
Demand for high quality, greater efficiency and an automated machine has increased day by day in the industrial sector as well as power plants [1]. Power plants require continuous monitoring and inspection at frequent intervals. There are possibilities of errors at measuring and various stages involved with human workers and also the lack of few features of microcontrollers. Thus this paper takes a sincere attempt to explain the advantages that will be obtained by implementing automation system. The turbine lube oil system control which is the most important part of any power plant, and its automation is the precise effort of this paper. In order to automate a power plant and minimize human intervention, there is a need to develop PLC based system along with monitoring SCADA system that monitors the plant and helps reduce the errors caused by humans [2]. The internal storage of instruction of PLC is used for implementing function to control various types of machines and processes through digital or analog input/output modules. PLC systems are used to monitor and control a plant or equipment in industries such as power plants, energy, oil and gas refining and transportation.
hi, I am sujon I just completed graduate at International University of Business Agriculture and Technology in Bangladesh Department of Mechanical Engineering
A compressor is a type of machine that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor. Compressors helps to transport the fluid through a pipe maintaining the high pressure conditions. It is convers power (using and electrical motor, diesel or gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy stored in pressurized air. The main and important types of gas compressors are illustrated and discussed below.
Steam Turbine Lube Oil System Protections Using SCADA & PLCNilesh Jha
Steam Turbine Protection System is designed with today technology to operate the thermal power plants in safe and reliable manner. The protection system operates only when any of the control system set point parameter is exceeded, and the steam turbine will damaged if it continues to operate. This paper presents overview of the steam turbine protection logics of lube of system and implementation for smooth automatic operation by using SIMATIC S7 PLC programming along with monitoring SCADA SYSTEM by using WinCC software.
Demand for high quality, greater efficiency and an automated machine has increased day by day in the industrial sector as well as power plants [1]. Power plants require continuous monitoring and inspection at frequent intervals. There are possibilities of errors at measuring and various stages involved with human workers and also the lack of few features of microcontrollers. Thus this paper takes a sincere attempt to explain the advantages that will be obtained by implementing automation system. The turbine lube oil system control which is the most important part of any power plant, and its automation is the precise effort of this paper. In order to automate a power plant and minimize human intervention, there is a need to develop PLC based system along with monitoring SCADA system that monitors the plant and helps reduce the errors caused by humans [2]. The internal storage of instruction of PLC is used for implementing function to control various types of machines and processes through digital or analog input/output modules. PLC systems are used to monitor and control a plant or equipment in industries such as power plants, energy, oil and gas refining and transportation.
Compressors are mainly of two types: 1. Dynamic Compressors 2. Positive Disp...mrrob05x
Reciprocating Gas compressors
Compressors are mainly of two types:
1. Dynamic Compressors
2. Positive Displacement Compressors
Each of the above type are classified as follows:
1.(a) Axial Compressors
(b) Centrifugal Compressors
2.(a) Reciprocating Compressors
(b) Rotary Compressors
This PowerPoint shows an introduction to positive displacement compressors. You will have a brief introduction about the operating principles of reciprocating compressors, the different types of rotary compressors, and techniques for controlling compressor output most important variables.You will learn as well the construction, principal parts, and operation of reciprocating compressors
What is the TDS Return Filing Due Date for FY 2024-25.pdfseoforlegalpillers
It is crucial for the taxpayers to understand about the TDS Return Filing Due Date, so that they can fulfill your TDS obligations efficiently. Taxpayers can avoid penalties by sticking to the deadlines and by accurate filing of TDS. Timely filing of TDS will make sure about the availability of tax credits. You can also seek the professional guidance of experts like Legal Pillers for timely filing of the TDS Return.
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Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxCynthia Clay
This 60-minute webinar, sponsored by Adobe, was delivered for the Training Mag Network. It explored the five elements of SPARK: Storytelling, Purpose, Action, Relationships, and Kudos. Knowing how to tell a well-structured story is key to building long-term memory. Stating a clear purpose that doesn't take away from the discovery learning process is critical. Ensuring that people move from theory to practical application is imperative. Creating strong social learning is the key to commitment and engagement. Validating and affirming participants' comments is the way to create a positive learning environment.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
Explore our most comprehensive guide on lookback analysis at SafePaaS, covering access governance and how it can transform modern ERP audits. Browse now!
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
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Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
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Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
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Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
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Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
India Orthopedic Devices Market: Unlocking Growth Secrets, Trends and Develop...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, “India Orthopedic Devices Market -Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2030”, the India Orthopedic Devices Market stood at USD 1,280.54 Million in 2024 and is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 7.84% in the forecast period, 2026-2030F. The India Orthopedic Devices Market is being driven by several factors. The most prominent ones include an increase in the elderly population, who are more prone to orthopedic conditions such as osteoporosis and arthritis. Moreover, the rise in sports injuries and road accidents are also contributing to the demand for orthopedic devices. Advances in technology and the introduction of innovative implants and prosthetics have further propelled the market growth. Additionally, government initiatives aimed at improving healthcare infrastructure and the increasing prevalence of lifestyle diseases have led to an upward trend in orthopedic surgeries, thereby fueling the market demand for these devices.
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As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
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Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
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Ammonia Booster Compressor
1. AMMONIA PLANT
TPM STEP-4
AMMONIA BOOSTER COMPRESSOR K-1441/1442
Description of WRVT510 Compressor
The Howden oil injected screw compressor is a positive displacement capacity
controlled oil flooded rotary machine.
Compression is achieved by the meshing of two asymmetric profile steel rotors with
parallel shafts housed in a casing. Each rotor is supported by two plain white metal
bearings fitted adjacent to the compression chamber. The action of the rotor is entirely
rotary. The accurately machined rotors are called male and female. The male (driving)
rotor has four lobes which mesh with six flutes in female (driven) rotor, each rotor
having the same outside diameter.
Compressor lubricating oil is injected into the bearings and rotor space at a pressure
equivalent to discharge pressure plus 2 bars. The bearings therefore also act as shaft seals
within the compressor. The compressor input shaft is fitted with a mechanical seal hence
the compressor is completely sealed from atmosphere.
Rotor end thrust is accommodated by tilting pad thrust bearings. The male rotor which
takes the majority of end thrust is also fitted with a balance piston. One side of the
balance piston is subjected to oil pressure whilst the other is at gas suction pressure. The
balance piston thrust therefore opposes normal rotor end thrust, ensuring that the thrust
bearings are lightly loaded.
GAS System:
Gas is drawn into the compressor via a non return valve and suction strainer. The non
return valve is necessary to prevent the compressor being motored in the reverse
direction when it is stopped with high gas pressure at the discharge. On leaving the
compressor the gas oil mixture enters a combined primary separator / reservoir vessel.
The majority of the oil separates from the gas stream on entering this vessel, due to the
reduction in velocity, the separated oil falling by gravity into the reservoir base.
The gas and entrained oil droplets than pass through a knitted stainless steel wire mesh
separator element mounted in the upper portion of the vessel. Almost al the remaining oil
is collected by impingement on the very fine wire mesh, from which it falls by gravity
into the reservoir base. The gas leaving this separator contains approximately 30 to 50
ppm of oil by weight. The separator / reservoir vessel is also provided with a safety /
relief valve.
The gas then passes through a gas cooler before entering a high efficiency secondary oil
separator. This separator incorporates replaceable high efficiency filter elements which
are 100% effective in the removal pf liquid phase oil. Oil carry over d/s of this separator
is less than 5 ppm by weight.
Separated oil is returned to the compressor through a small pipe fitted with a filter,
orifice and isolating valves. Isolating valves and a thermal relief valves are provided for
the separator. A non return valve is also fitted downstream of the separator.
A gas bypass line with a control valve rated for 10 percent capacity is also provided.
Capacity control from 10% to 0% is achieved via this line. An air operated ball valve is
also included which opens automatically on shut down to equalize the pressure in the
system.
Parts in Gas Circuit:
1. Non Return Valve:
Suction and discharge non return valves are Wafer type with body and seat manufactured
in low temperature steel and disc in alloy steel
2. 2. Suction Strainer
Suction strainer casing is a pressure vessel designed for the full system pressure in low
temperature steel. The strainer element is made from one sheet of 60 mesh corrugated
stainless steel gauze sandwiched between the two sheets of 20 mesh corrugated stainless
steel gauze formed into a cylinder. The element fits inside a support drum made from 2
mm thick stainless steel perforated plate with approx. 50 % open area. The gas flow
through the element is from inside to outside.
3. Primary Separator / Reservoir
This unit has a dual function; it acts as a primary oil separator and also as an oil reservoir
for the lubricating system. The vessel is manufactured in carbon steel and upper and the
upper portion of the vessel contains a combined baffle and knitted wire pack separator
element.
4. Gas cooler
The gas cooler is a shell and tube unit and is designed to cool the full compressor gas
throughput to 38 deg C.
5. Secondary oil Separator
The secondary oil separator is a high efficiency unit designed to reduce oil carry over to
less than 5 ppm by weight. The unit contains coalescer elements which should be
changed when the differential pressure across the unit reached 0.5 Kg/Cm2. The
separated oil returns to the compressor via a connection designed for this purpose.
6. Isolating valves
Secondary separator isolating valves are reduced bore ball valves with carbon steel body
and stainless steel ball and stem.
7. Safety / relief valve
A safety / relief rated for the full compressor throughput is mounted on the primary
separator. It is a cross by style JOS valve with a carbon steel body and is set to relieve at
25 Kg/Cm2g. the secondary separator is fitted with a ¾” X 1” thermal relief valve set at
25 Kg/Cm2g.
8. Gas bypass valve
This is a fisher control type 667-GL globe valve with carbon steel body and stainless
steel trim. The valve has a type 667 pneumatic actuator and a type 3582 positioner. The
valve is rated to pass 10 % of the compressor throughput. When capacity control
between 0 to 10 % is required, the valve operates automatically, maintaining a constant
preset compressor suction pressure by bypassing excess gas from compressor discharge
to suction.
9. Gas pressure equalizing valve
This is an air operated full bore ball valve with carbon steel body and stainless steel ball
and stem. When the compressor stops, a solenoid valve in the air supply line opens and
air is allowed to the valve actuator, opening the valve fully and thereby equalizing the
pressure in the system
LUBRICATION SYSTEM
The compressor package incorporates a force feed lubrication system. Electric motor
driven oil pumps draw lubricating oil from the reservoir vessel, which is at compressor
discharge pressure and passes though a micro filter and the clean, cooled oil then enters
the oil manifold from which connections feed the oil to the compressor services.
Manifold oil pressure is maintained at a positive differential above compressor discharge
pressure by having the oil pump flow rated higher than the compressor requirement, and
bypassing the excess through a control valve, back to the reservoir. The correct oil
temperature to the compressor is maintained by having a temperature control valve
mounted at the cooler inlet and another in a cooler bypass line. These valves operate
from a common controller which senses manifold temperature.
A solenoid valve is fitted in a return line from the manifold to the oil reservoir. Solenoid
valves are also fitted in oil drain line from the compressor to the reservoir. These valves
3. prevent the compressor fill up with oil on startup and also enable oil to be circulated
before the compressor is started. Interlock ensures that the compressor can not be started
until these valves are closed.
Parts in Lubrication System:
1. Oil pumps:
The oil pumps gear type driven by electric motor. Pumps have steel casing complying
with API 614
2. Oil Cooler:
The oil cooler is a two pass water cooled shell and tube unit. It has a carbon steel shell
and stainless steel tubes and tube sheet.
3. Oil Filter:
The oil filter is a duplex unit with changeover valve which allows either one cartridge or
the other to be in use. Elements are replaceable glass fiber type with an absolute
filtration of 25 micron.
4. Differential Pressure Control Valve:
This is a fisher controls type V500 ball valve with carbon steel body and stainless steel
trim. The valve has a type 1052 actuator and a type 3610J positioner. Oil / gas
differential pressure is sensed by a differential pressure transmitter and communicated to
a controller which controls the differential with this valve.
5. Oil temperature control valves
These are fisher control type V500 ball valves with carbon steel body and stainless steel
trim. Valves have a type 1052 actuator and type 3610J positioner. Valves are controlled
by a Foxboro pneumatic temperature controller type 43 AP to maintain the manifold
temp. at 40 deg C.
6. Oil pressure relief valves:
To ensure that the oil / gas differential pressure does not exceed a safe limit, a relief
valve is fitted at the discharge of each pump. Valves are set at 6.7 kg/Cm2 differential
and are capable of passing the full pump capacity.
7. Pump Non return Valves
Non return valves are fitted at the discharge of each pump. These are wafer type with
steel body, disc and seat.
8. Oil Heater:
The heater is a 6 KW FPFR unit complete with integral thermostat set at 30 deg C.
9. Oil Level Switch:
The oil level switch is a ZR 2132 RO4 chamber type. It is set to switch off the heater if
the oil level falls close to exposing the heater element.
Capacity Control:
Capacity control is achieved by means of a sliding valve which is an integral part of the
compressor and a gas bypass valve. The slide valve is operated by a piston within a
hydraulic cylinder which is mounted on the compressor. To move the slide valve, oil
from the lubrication system is fed , via solenoid valve, to one side or other of the piston
which is connected to the slide valve. Slide valve movement alters the point on the rotor
length at which compression begins, allowing capacity to be controlled from 100% down
to10 % with approximately proportionate power saving. Capacity from 10 % to 0 % is
controlled by the gas bypass system.
The slide valves are controlled manually by ON Load / OFF Load push buttons mounted
on the local panel. If the system demand is so that the compressor is operating at 10 %
capacity, it is detected by a 10 % limit switch mounted on the compressor hydraulic
cylinder.