The Audio Lingual Method (ALM) is a language teaching method introduced in the US in the 1940s that focuses on speaking and listening skills. It emphasizes imitation, memorization of dialogues, and uses of drills. While ALM improved speaking abilities, it was criticized for ignoring reading and writing skills. The method also lost popularity in the 1950s when linguist Noam Chomsky questioned its theoretical foundations. ALM is still used in some contexts in Pakistan to help students memorize lessons and improve English speaking, though it has disadvantages if used as the sole method of instruction.

2. Audio
Lingual
Method
Presented To:
Ms. Saima Umar
Presented By:
Haseeb
M 3rd
M.A A NUML
Eng

3. Historical Background:
• Audio Lingual Method (ALM) is
the method that was introduced in
the United States in the 1940’s.
• This method is accepted by the
people of other countries and was
introduced in Indonesia in the
1960’s.

4. • Not a lot of Literature in audio
lingual method, and most of the
ideas in this section is adapted
from how to teach foreign
languages e ffectively.

5. Approach:

6. Definition:
• The method of teaching
foreign language in terms of
speaking and listening.
• It is similar to direct method &
also known as AURALORAL
APPROACH.

7. In Practice:
• It focuses on correct imitation of
teacher by the students.
• To get correct output, one
needs(either teacher or students)
correct pronunciation.
• Target language, the only language
to be used in the classroom.

8. Fall From Popularity:
• In 1950’s theoretical Support of ALM
were questioned by Noams
Chomsky.
• Losing its popularity because many
linguistics believe it is marked of
scientific techniques.

9. Key Features:
• It is need based method.
• Situation based grammar &
vocabulary is stressed.
• Little or no grammar is explained in
specific situation.

10. • Use of audio visual aids is
present.
• Great importance is laid on
pronunciation.

11. Strategies using ALM:
• Dialogue Memorization:
–Short conversation between two
or more people.
–Students memorize when dialogue
plays.

12. Backward Build up (expansion) drill:
• Introduced by Larsen Freeman in
1986.
• Main purpose  divide into small
junks.
• Line breakup into several parts.
• Easily understandable.

13. Transformation Drill:
• Change the form method.
• Active  Passive
• Direct  Indirect

14. Chain drill:
• It only talks about one
topic.
• It remains around only one
thing.

15. Single Slot Substitution Drill:
• Fill in the blanks method in single
sentences.
• Students have to substitute the
clue given by teacher.

16. Multiple Slot substitute drill:
•Same as single slot drill.
•More than one slots or
blank places.

17. Question & Answer drill:
• Question answer base.
• Teacher asks a question & students
have to answer very quickly in target
language.
• Students are able to use the target
language.

18. Use of minimal pairs:
• Pair of words.
• Teacher should stress on those
words having same
pronunciation or same
spelling.

19. Situation in Pakistan:
• This method is applying in some
institutes in Pakistan. Some
institutes having high standard
syllabus using this method to
memorize their students lessons at it
initial stages.

20. • Some institutes which are helping
their students to improve their
speaking skills in English Language
are also using this method.
• “A good listener is a good
speaker”

21. Advantages:
• Speaking & listening skills are
improved.
• It follows modern trends regarding
L2 learning.
• ALM falls in the category of ESP
(English For Specific People) which is
a key issue at present in language.

22. Disadvantages:
• Reading & writing skills are
completely ignored.
• Language is taught without rules but
mastering language is rule based.
• It works in one context not I all
contexts.

23. Summary:
• Background:  Method that was
introduced in the United States in the
1940’s. Method is accepted by the
people of other countries and was
introduced in Indonesia in the 1960’s.
• Definition: The method of teaching
foreign language in terms of speaking
and listening.

24. • Fall From Popularity: In 1950’s
theoretical Support of ALM were
questioned by Noams Chomsky.
• Key Features:
–It is need based method.
–Little or no grammar is explained in
specific situation.
–Great importance is laid on
pronunciation.

25. • Strategies using ALM:
–Dialogue Memorization.
–Backward build up drill.
–Transformation drill.
–Chain drill.
–Single Slot situation.
–Question & Answer drill.
–Use of minimal pairs.

26. • Advantages: Speaking & listening skills
are improved. It follows modern trends
regarding L2 learning.
• Disadvantages: Reading & writing
skills are completely ignored. It works in
one context not I all contexts.

27. Conclusion:
• Keeping in mind the above discussion
regarding the importance and drawbacks
of ALM. We can safely say that no
method of teaching a target language is
absolute rather contextual. A teacher
can easily maximum advantages from
handling ALM.

29. THANK YOU