Alloys are mixtures of two or more elements where the major component is a metal. They are made to increase hardness and strength, prevent corrosion, and improve appearance. Common alloys include bronze, brass, steel, stainless steel, duralumin, and pewter. The addition of other elements to a metal disturbs the orderly arrangement of its atoms, reducing their ability to slide past one another. This makes alloys stronger and harder than pure metals. Alloys find uses where these properties are beneficial, such as in construction, transportation, tools, and cookware.

1. ALLOYS
Nor Adilah binti Muhd Soffian Wong
Siti Sarah binti Mohd Fadlee Lee
Nursyazwani Binti Roslan
Suhaila binti Mohamed
4 MUTIARA

2. WHAT IS ALLOY ???

3. What is alloy ?
• Alloy is a mixture of two or more
elements with a certain fixed
composition in which the major
component is a metal

4. THE AIM IN MAKING
ALLOYS
•To increase the hardness
and strength of metal
•To prevent corrosion or
rusting
•To improve the appearance
of the metal surface

5. EXAMPLE OF ALLOYS

6. Example of alloys
• Bronze
• Brass
• Steel
• Stainless steel
• Duralumin
• Pewter

7. PROPERTIES OF ALLOYS

8. ALLOY COMPOSITION PROPERTIES USES
Bronze ~ 90% copper
~ 10% tin
~ Hard and strong
~ Does not corrode
easily
Has shiny surfaces
~ to build statues and
monuments
~ in the making of
swords, medals and
artistic materials
Brass ~ 70% copper
~ 30% zinc
~ Harder than copper ~ in the making of
musical instruments
and kitchenware
Steel ~ 99% iron
~ 1% carbon
~ Hard and strong ~ in the construction of
building and bridges
~ in the building of
cars and railway
tracks
Stainless steel ~ 74% iron
~ 8% carbon
~ 18% chromium
~ shiny
~ strong
~ does not rust
~ to make surgical
instruments
Duralumin ~ 93% aluminium
~ 3% copper
~ 3% magnesium
~ 1% maganese
~ light
~ strong
~ to make the body of
aeroplanes
and bullet trains
Pewter ~ 96% tin
~ 3% copper
~ 1% antimony
~ luster
~ shiny
~ strong
~ in the making of
souvenirs

9. THE ARRANGEMENT OF
ATOMS IN PURE METALS

10. When force is applied, layers of atoms in pure
metal slide. So, metals are ductile.
There are empty space between the atoms. When it is knocked, the
shape of the metal changes.
So, metals are malleable.

11. ARRANGEMENT OF ATOM
IN ALLOYS

12. The presence of atoms of other metals that are of different
sizes disturb the orderly arrangement of atoms in the metal.
This reduces the layer of atoms from sliding. Thus, an alloy
is stronger and harder than its pure metal