1. Information of Industrial Engineering Department
 SMV
Standard minute value is the standard time, to complete any given task by
using best possible methods at standard level of performance.
 Plan Layout
Plan is the special arrangement & configuration of departments. Work
stations & equipment used in the conversion process.
 TPT (Throughput time)
Throughput time is the time taken by particular volume of work to
complete.
 Method improved
 Select
 Record
 Examine
 Develop
 Evaluate
 Define
 Install
 Maintain
 Work study
Work study is the systematic examination of the method of caring on
activities
 Time study
To determine the time is should take for a qualified worker to perform a
specific task using a specified method by directly observing on operator.
 Step of the time study
 -break the work into element
 -How element are selected
 Observed Time
Time recorded by observing on operator while he she is doing a task.
 Loss time
Loss time is the ineffective or useless time that spends on any activity which
is not a specified part of a job.
 Performance
This is a figure which we calculate after reducing the lost time out of the
total available time.
 WIP
WIP is the number of garments under production at a given time.
 Time measurement:
Time measurement is the application of techniques designed to establish the time for a
qualified worker to carry out a task at a defined level of performance.
 Method study
Method study is the systematic recoding & critical examination of ways of
doing thing in order to make improvements.
 Important consideration of the method study
 Minimum motion of the human body
 Arrangement of work place
 Working condition
 Process of manufacturing
 Rating :
Rating is the assessment of the workers rate of working relative to the
observer’s concept of the rate corresponding to standard rate.
 Rating errors:
 Loose rating
 Tight rating
 Flat rating
 Steep rating
 Inconsistent rating.
 Target
Target is the amount of production which should be produced by an
operator or a line that a management desires.
 Bottleneck
Which are holding up production operations or a lengthy operation that
consumes a great deal of time.
 Plan layout :
Plan layout is the special arrangement & configuration of departments, work stations, &
equipment used in the conversion process.
 7M:
 Manpower
 Material
 Money
 Methods
 Machine
 Moral
 Management of time
 Need of apparel engineer:
 Standardization of methods, equipment & conditions.
 Production scheduling to work accurately help to understand how long it
takes to complete the work.
 Fair payment to employee.
• Historical data:
This is the technique of work measurement in this way we carry out an experiment &
determine that time required for a certain operation.
• Different types of allowances:
 Relaxation allowance
 M/C delay allowance
 Contingency allowance
• Operation breakdown:
In the clothing industry operation breakdown is the separation of the making operations
so that garments can be made up quickly & cheaply using available labor & machinery.
• Production line balancing:
Production line balancing is the allocation of the work to be done to the people available
to do it production line balancing is used.
 To ensure a steady flow of work
 To make the best use of the available time &
 To keep work in progress of a minimum.
• Quality of Work study Executive:
 Sincerity & Honesty
 Enthusiasm
 Tactful
 Good appearance
 Self confidence
 Sympathy with people
• Work place engineering:
 Minimum working area:
It indicates that place from where the operator can take his/her raw materials or cut
panel without any movement of their task.
 Maximum working area:
It indicates that place from where the operator cannot take his/her raw materials or cut
panel without any movement of their task.
• Standard worker:
The standard worker is that worker who has the consistency a qualified worker is one
who has acquired the skill, knowledge & other attributes to carry out the work in hand to
satisfactory standard of quality quantity & safety.
• GSD:
General sewing data is a technique for method analysis & setting of time standards for
sewing products of industry.
• Capacity:
To check how many an operator can produce in one hour.
• Effectiveness Means:
Doing the right thing.
• Effectiveness Means:
Doing the thing right.
• The Equipment used for time study:
 Stop watch
 Clip board
 Time study format
 Pencil
 Eraser
 Calculator
• 5 s :
 SEIRE (SORT)
 SEITON (SET IN ORDER)
 SEISO (SHINE)
 SEIKETSU (STANDARDIZE) &
 SHITSUKT (SUSTAIN).
• Who are responsible for the implementation of 5S
 Management commitment
 Management envelopment
 Participation by all
 Supported by all
 Self sustaining

2. • Responsibilities of IE Executive:
 Establish a correct method
 Establish a correct standards
 Achieve operator’s performance.
• 7 Wastage:
 Delay / Waiting
 Transportation
 Excess motion
 Over production
 Inventory
 Over processing
 Defective parts / Alter
• Movement’s motions of human body’s:
 Finger
 Wrist
 Forearm
 Upper arm
 Shoulder
• Work content:
 Effective content
o Basic work content
 Ineffective work
o Poor design
o Incorrect quality
o Poor layout
o Poor planning
o Absenteeism
o Inefficiency
o Occupational hazards
• PDCA:
 Plan
 Do
 Check
 Action
• What is marker
Drawing the pattern on the paper as per style.
• Objective of marker
 To arrange for cutting
 To share fabric
 To make minimum wastage
 To help for your cutting.
• Marker Efficiency
Additional of total area of all patterns in a marker (square inch) * 100 / total area of
marker (square inch)
• If the efficiency is high then wastage will be less.
• Marker Efficiency
Marker Efficiency = (Total area of marker / Total area of lay) * 100
• What factor are increasing marker efficiency
 Size of garments
 Marker length
 Pattern engineering
 Type of fabric
 Symmetrical
 Asymmetrical
 Process of marker making
 Width of marker
 Types of garments
• Fabric wastage outside of marker
 Ends of ply losses (2+2=4)
 Losses of fabric at the ends of roll
 Selvedge losses : 2 % not more than 7 %
 Purchase loss
• Spreading
To spread cloth as determined by needed quantity as per marking.
• Grain line
Parallel to grain line.
• Button ligne
Ligne = 1 inch / 40 “One inch ar 40 vager ak vag ke ligne bole”.
1 ligne = 0.625 mm
If, 20 ligne = 20 * 0.625 mm = 12.5 mm
So, the size of the button will be written as 20 L
Converted:
Ligne to mm
16 L so, 16 / 1.6 = 10 mm
&
Mm to ligne
10mm so, 10 * 1.6 = 16 L
• What is marking
It is the process by which all necessary patterns of all size are drawn on a marking paper
by utilizing minimum area of the paper.
• Marker width
It is the width of marker, which is, determine by omitting the bode fabric from edge of the
roll.
Example: Width = 48” & 1” is bode fabric, so, marker width : 48 – 1 = 47”
• GSM Calculation
1” = 2.54 cm
36” = 1 yards = 36 * 2.54 = 91.44 cm
2 yards = 91.44 * 2 = 182.88 cm / 100 = 1.8288 mm
4 yards = 91.44 * 4 = 365.76 cm / 100 = 3.6576 mm
Area = 4 yards * 2 yards = 1.8288 * 3.6676 = 6.68901888 m2
Now, 2 kg = 2 * 1000 gm = 2000 gm
So, 6.68901888 m2 = 2000 gm
; ‘GSM = 2000 / 6.68901888 = 298.997 ~ 299
• Team Development model
 Forming
 Storming
 Norming
 Performing
 Adjourning
• Seam types
 Supper imposed seam
 Lapped seam
 Bound seam
 Flat seam
 Decorative seam
 Edge neatening seam
 Seam class – 7
 Seam class – 8
• Poly bag is made of two type of chemicals
 Poly propylene
 Poly ethylene
Poly ethylene is costly then poly propylene.
• Classification of stitch
 Chine stitch (Hem, Button)
 Hand stitch (Jacket edge )
 Lock stitch (pocket, Caller, Cuff T/S)
 Multithread chain stitch ( F/L less, Bread, Elastic )
 Over edge stitch (O/L)
 Cover chain stitch ( F/L , Kansie )
• Care label code
Normal Wash
Chlorine blasé
Iron code
Dry Clean code
Drying condition
• The sub holding of Workstudy department
 Planning
 Discipline
 Motivation
 Follow up
 Productivity
 Quality
 Training
• GSD
GSD = (Man power * Work hour) / Target
• SMV
SMV = Basic time + (Basic time * Allowance)
• Basic time
Basic time = Observed time * Rating
4 yards
Wait = 2 kg
2 yards

3. • Observed time
Observed time = Total Cycle time / No of cycle
• Rating
Rating = (Observed Rating * Standard rating) / Standard rating
• Efficiency
Efficiency = (Earn minute * Available minute) * 100
• Earn minute
Earn minute = No of Pc’s (Production) * Garments SMV
• Available minute
Available minute = Work hour * Manpower
• Organization Efficiency
Organization Efficiency = (Basic pis time / Bottle neck time) * 100
• Basic pis time (BPT)
Basic pis time = Total Gmt SMV / Total Manpower
• UCL
UCL = Basic pis time / Organization Efficiency
• LCL
LCL = 2 * Basic pis time – UCL
• Improvement
Improvement = 1 – (Production / Capacity)
• Performance
Performance = {Earn minute * (Available minute – Off standard time)} * 100
• Balancing loss
Balancing loss = {AML – (TML/AML)} * 100
• TML
TML = Operational SMV / BPT
• Balancing Efficiency
Balancing Efficiency = 1 - Balancing loss
• Capacity
Capacity = 60 / Capacity time in minute
• Cycle Time
Cycle Time = 60 / Team target
• Team target
Team target = (Work hour/SMV) * Present operator * Organizational efficiency
• Capacity Achievable
Capacity Achievable = Capacity * Balance
• Balance
Balance = BPT / Bottle neck time (BNT)
• Standard time
Standard time = Net operation time * (1 + Ratio of loss time)
• Daily output
Daily output = Work hour / SMV
• Factory capacity
Factory capacity = (Work hour / SMV) * Total worker * Working day * Efficiency
• CPM
CPM = (Total over head cost of the month / No of SMV earners * Work minutes)
*Efficiency
• Required no of operator
Required no of operator = Target daily output / Daily output per operator
• CM of garments
CM of garments = Total production / (No of worker * Work hour)
• Marker Efficiency
Marker Efficiency = (Total area of marker / Total area of lay) * 100
• CPD (Consumption per dozen)
CPD = Marker length * Marker width * GSM * 12 / (1000 * 100 * 100 * Total marker
pc’s)
• Stitch Consumption
Single Needle:
 S/N 1 inch = 2.75 inch
 D/N 1 inch = 6 inch
Over Lock:
 O/L 3TH
1 inch = 14 inch
 O/L 4TH
1 inch = 17.75 inch
 O/L 5TH
1 inch = 20 inch
Flat Lock:
 F/L 2TH
1 inch = 10.25 inch
 F/L 3TH
1 inch = 14 inch
 F/L 4TH
1 inch = 17.75 inch
 F/L 5TH
1 inch = 22.75 inch
FOA:
 1TH
1 inch = 14 inch
Button Stitch:
 1 Button = 4~6 inch
Button Attach:
 1 Hole = 5 inch
Bar tack:
 1 Bar tack = 9 inch
Lopper:
 1 inch = 9 inch
Latus:
 1 inch = 30 inch