This document provides an overview of verb tenses, focusing on present tense and its subcategories: simple present, present continuous, present perfect, and present perfect continuous. Each tense is defined with rules and examples, emphasizing the structure and use of helping verbs. It includes guidance on forming sentences in these tenses with specific verbs.

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2. A Tense is a form of a verb that is used to show the time of an action. For
example: when an action happened.
There are 3 tenses.
Present Tense: The present tense of verb expresses actions that are
occurring now, relative to the speaker.
Past Tense : A Past tense expresses an action that has happened
previously,
Future Tense : The future tense expresses the actions that have not
yet happened and that will happen at some point in the
future.
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3. But each tenses divided into 4 tenses.
They are as follows.
 Present Tense.
 Simple Present Tense.
 Present Continuous Tense.
 Present Perfect Tense
 Present Perfect Continuous Tense
 Past Tense.
 Simple Past Tense.
 Past Continuous Tense.
 Past Perfect Tense
 Past Perfect Continuous Tense
 Future Tense.
 Simple Future Tense.
 Future Continuous Tense.
 Future Perfect Tense
 Future Perfect Continuous Tense 3
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4. Lets today we learn
Present Tense
and its sub tenses
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5. Present Tense
Simple Present Tense :
Here the verb shows that the work or action starts at
present, but it does not say actually when the action starts
or ends.
Rule:
Subject + Main verb + Object
Sub + MV + Obj
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6. Examples
Persons Singular Plural
Sub MV Obj Sub MV Obj
Ist Person
I drink tea We drink tea
IInd Person
You drink tea You drink tea
IIIrd Person
He drinks tea
They drink tea
She drinks tea
It drinks tea
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7. Note:
We have to add ‘s’ to the Main verb while using
with ‘He’ ‘She’ ‘It’ and with any other singular
noun. and main verb should be in present tense
form
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8.  Present Continuous Tense:
Here the verb shows that the work or action started, and it is
going on at a present.
Rules:
Subject + Helping Verb(am, is, are) + Main Verb + ‘ing + Object
Sub + HV (am, is, are) + MV + ‘ing’ + Obj
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9. Example
Persons Singular Plural
Sub HV MV+’ing’ Obj Sub HV MV’ing’ Obj
Ist Person I am reading a book We are reading a book
IInd Person You are reading a book You are reading a book
IIIrd Person
He is reading a book
They are reading a book
She is reading a book
It is reading a book
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10. Note:
 We have to use helping verbs ‘am’ ‘is’ and ‘are’. And
we to add ‘ing’ to the Main verb.
 We have to use the helping verb ‘am’ in front of ‘I’
only.
 We have to use the helping verb ‘are ’in front of ‘We’
‘You’ and ‘They’.
 We have to use the helping verb ‘is’ in front of ‘He’
‘She’ ‘It’ and with any other singular noun.
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11.  Present Perfect Tense :
Here the verb shows that the work or action started at present,
as shows it completed just now.
 Rules:
Subject + Helping Verbs(have/ has) +Main Verb(Past participle form) + Object
Sub + HV(has/ have) + MV(past participle form) + Obj
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12. Example
Persons Singular Plural
Sub HV MV(ppt
form)
Obj Sub HV MV(ppt
form)
Obj
Ist Person I have eaten
a banana
We have drunk tea
IInd Person You have eaten
a banana
You have drunk tea
IIIrd
Person
He has eaten
a banana
They have drunk tea
She has eaten
a banana
It has eaten
a banana 12
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13. Note:
 We have to use the helping verbs ‘Have’ and ‘Has’.
And also we have to use the Past Participle form of
the Main verb.
 We have to use the helping verb ‘have’ in front of ‘I’,
’We’, ‘You’ and ‘They’.
 We have to use the helping verb ‘has’ in front of
‘He’ ‘She’ ‘It’ and with any other singular noun.
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14.  Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
Here the verb shows that the work or action started
sometimes ago , and it stops temporarily and then again
starts and it goes for a long time.
Rules:
Subject + Helping Verb(have been / has been) + Main Verb + ‘ing’ + Object
Sub + HV (have been / has been) + MV(ing) + Obj
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15. Example
Persons Singular Plural
Sub HV(hb
/ hsb)
MV+’ing’ Obj Sub HV(hb
/ hsb)
MV+’ing’ Obj
Ist Person I have been eating
a banana
We have been eating
a banana
IInd
Person
You have been
drinking tea
You have been
eating a banana
IIIrd
Person
He have been
drinking tea
They have been
eating a banana
She have been
drinking tea
It have been
drinking tea 15
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16. Note:
 We have to use the helping verbs ‘Have been’ and ‘Has
been’. And add ‘ing’ form to the Main verb.
 We have to use the helping verb ‘have been’ in front of
‘I’, ’We’, ‘You’ and ‘They’.
 We have to use the helping verb ‘has been’ in front of
‘He’ ‘She’ ‘It’ and with any other singular noun.
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17. Q. Make the sentences in simple Present, Present
Cotinuous Tense, Present Perfect Tense and Presen
Perfect Cotinuous tense by using the following verbs.
 Forget
 Dream
 Hear
 Knock
 Learn
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