Akkadian Culture

Akkadian Culture
The Akkadian Culture
The Akkadians were the people of the dominate culture that succeeded the Sumerians the first
dominant Mesopotamian culture. The period of Akkadian centralized governance took place from
2350–2150 B.C.E and for this period the Akkadians resided in Akkad, the city from which they were
named. Akkad was the Akkadian capital city that was chosen by the first Akkadian King, King
Sargon. King Sargon reigned from 2334–2279 B.C.E and he was seen as the greatest leader in the
Akkadian Dynasty. Sargon is regarded in this manner because he was the first king in
Mesopotamian history to ever unite the region of the Fertile Crescent (upper and lower
Mesopotamia) through conquest of the Sumerian cities. The Fertile Crescent is a belt ... Show more
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Although they altered the language used they continued to use Sumerian cuneiform, for record
keeping, and recordings. For Akkadians religion was a high priority, but the Akkadian religious
beliefs changed minimally from the Sumerian's belief system. The Sumerian gods An, Enlil, Enki,
continued into Akkadian religion but, there was a name change An became Anu; Enlil became Bel;
and Enki became Ea. The Akkadians also put a great emphasis on the god Shamash who was the sun
god, he was a very important god as their agriculture lifestyles depended on him. Apart from these
things the Akkadians were very similar to the Sumerians. Before Sargon was a king he was first a
cup–bearer King Ur–Zababa of Kish at a time when Kish was a significant city. Sargon usurped the
king's power and assumed for himself the title as king; Sargon's name means 'the legitimized king'.
During his time Sargon lead many military expeditions to conquer further east and north. As king,
Sargon implemented his daughter as high priestess of the moon god and she took the name of
Enheduanna. "Enheduanna must have been a very gifted woman; two Sumerian hymns by her have
been preserved, and she is said to have been instrumental in starting a collection of songs dedicated
to
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Fertile Crescent Research Paper
Fertile Crescent is the core of West Asia and the Mediterranean Basin, which luckily land was
"discovered "and was described by a small medium traditional substance farms such as mountains,
hills, plains, and drier. After the Fertile Crescent and the start of organized settlements all across the
region, many people recognized it as the "Green Revolution" of mankind present. The "old world"
posed as the most appropriate place to start agriculture after the domestication of animals and crops.
The "old world" is known as the area in which Asia was located in the region (fertile crescent) first
practiced the skills and knowledge to expand and settle in more naturally abundant areas of the
globe such as Europe and "new world" America discovered ... Show more content on
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Around the 1980's, Simoons theorized that agricultures advancements in the Fertile Crescent
explained it could have increased the amount of Coeliac Disease that was located westward Europe,
for example Ireland. According to the theory that wheat consumption shows a negative selective
pressure on CD on ancestral genes, such as HLA–B8. Higher B8 frequency in Europe, and in result
higher Coeliac disease occurring and could be characterize da lack of exposure until relatively
recently. 6] Simoons, FJ. Coeliac disease as a geographic problem. In: Walcher DN, Kretchmer N,
editors. Food, nutrition and evolution. New York: Masson; 1981. p. 179–99
Diagnostic tools were developed to conduct various experiments using the new "era" of Coeliac
Disease epidemiology. The amount of cases that have had viable samples have been shown in
various locations around the world and with our technological advancement, have been able to give
more detailed analysis then past observations. The source explains the data reviewed data on the
frequency of CD in Middle Eastern countries that argue the theory that there is a possible opposite
relationship between CD ancestry and the length of time since the start of

The Importance Of The Neolithic Revolution
The Neolithic Revolution was an event that began in 10,000 BCE and lasted for thousands of years.
Throughout this time period, ancestral humans were transitioning from a hunter–gather way of life
to a society in which agriculture was prominent. While geography and plant domestication were
crucial, local animal types were less pivotal, yet still important to the Neolithic Revolution. To
begin, geography was critical to the Neolithic Revolution. First, it is shown in a chart from Jared
Diamond's Guns, Germs, and Steel, that the domestication of plants and animals was heavily reliant
on the civilization's geographic location. For instance, Southwest Asians were began domestication
in 8000 B.C.E, while civilizations in the eastern United States didn't begin to domesticize until 2500
B.C.E. People from the United States began to domesticize fifty–five thousand years after the
Southwest Asians because of their lack of resources. Asia's geography provided plants and animals
that were more than ready to be domesticated; therefore, without geographic advantages,
domestication takes a much longer time to begin. Additionally, an excerpt from D. B. Grigg's The
Agricultural Systems of the World provides further evidence that plant and animal domestication
occurs much later without geographic advantages by finding that the domestication of cereal and
animals first began in "a broad region stretching from Greece and Crete in the west to the foothills
of the Hindu Kush south of the

13,000 years ago, a time before inequality, humans began to prosper in the Middle East known as
the Fertile Crescent. The Fertile Crescent stretched from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf.
It was one of the first successful civilization to thrive and flourish. People who settled in the Fertile
Crescent shared the same status, wealth, and power. Major innovations also took place first in the
Fertile Crescent and then influenced other parts of Eurasia; these innovations developed homes,
agriculture, and livestock.
Making plaster from limestone was a major innovation. Plaster supported the walls of a building or
a house. People build homes which led to villages, towns, and cities. It took effort and time to make
plaster because the limestones was heated for days at a high temperature. However, the use of fire
resulted in many more innovations ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Farming made people's lives easier. It brought steady food supplies and allowed people to stay
longer in one place. As the Fertile Crescent grew in popularity, more people were able to work on
the farms, which resulted in copious amount of crops and many more people survived. People
flourished in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of years. However, the village in the Fertile Crescent
did not last long. People began to abandon their homes and move because it was hard to make a
living after they destroyed most of their environment. Since there was no grass, a couple of trees,
and minimum water, villagers were unable to farm and meet their needs to grow and survive. The
only chance to survive was to move east or west. The East and the West had the same latitude,
meaning similar climate, vegetation, and length of day. Geography played a big role in the rise of
Eurasian cultures because the Fertile Crescent was in the center of a large area. Farming happened in
many places while going east or west because there were plenty of land to grow and gather

Agricultural Revolution: Fertile Crescent And Mesoamerica
Agricultural Revolution occurred in many different regions of the world, including Fertile Crescent
and Mesoamerica. Fertile Crescent, where the revolution first occurred in 9000–7000 B.C.E, was
located in present–day Iraq, Syria, Israel, Palestine, and Southern Turkey. Mesoamerica, located in
present–day Mexico, had the revolution occurred about 6000 years later since the agriculture started
in the Fertile Crescent. Numerous differences between two different regions from different
hemispheres show why Fertile Crescent had advantages over Mesoamerica in terms of Agriculture.
Significant environmental differences between Mesoamerica and Fertile Crescent determines what
kinds of resources they could obtain. In other words, a region with a plethora ... Show more content
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Fertile Crescent had environmental advantages; therefore, it had had more resources than in
Mesoamerica. For example, only llama or alpaca could be domesticated in Mesoamerica, and no
sheep, goats, pigs, cattle, or horses were found in the Eastern hemisphere. Thus, the people in
Mesoamerica had to find a source of protein, and they started relying more on hunting and fishing
than domesticating. Had people also lacked mineral–rich cereal grains, so they grew squash, beans,
and teosinte, an ancestral form of corn or maize, to supplicate themselves with dietary protein. On
the other had, in the Fertile Crescent, they could domesticate more various kinds of species, since
they had already existed in the Fertile Crescent. Rich cereal grains, barley, wheat, lentils, and figs
could be grown, and people could intake sufficient nutrients. With existing animals and plants in the
Fertile Crescent, people could breed animals to produce more different types of species, which could
provide them plenty of food. Even though a blight would strike the plants, people would still have
other foods that they could feed themselves with. As a result, people of the Fertile Crescent were
able to have a longer lifespan, and a greater population than it did in Mesoamerica. With more
people to work together with, agriculture was able to thrive more in the Fertile Crescent than in

Europe Geography And Geography
The Spanish were able to overtake the Incas, who´s population were in the millions, while they were
a mere few hundred. How did they do it? Civilizations started off from the beginning as inequal. The
geography predicted the success of the civilization. The climate produced the growth of beneficial
agriculture. Domesticated animals were also invented, which allowed them to develop immunity.
The production of steel was invented as a huge advantage. They did not develop at the same pace
because of this. Europe was thriving and dominating because of nearly pure luck with their
geography which lead to effects on food, animals, sickness, and inventions that boosted their power.
It all starts with geography. The geographical location and latitude will influence the climate of an
area. The climate effects what crops will grow. Locations that grow plentiful food can leave more
time open for development. The Fertile Crescent is semi arid with 4 seasons. It's located north of the
equator. The climate allows the area to sufficiently grow wheat. Wheat is a very easy crop to grow,
farm, and harvest. Wheat is also full of protein and calories and can be stored for multiple years.
Papua New Guinea is a rain forest in the tropics. The wet and warm climate only grows one
essential crop, the sago trees. This crop requires hard work to cut down, open, and mash into a
dough. After baking in the sun the food is completed after days of harvesting. This long process
produces food that only lasts about a week and is low in protein and calories. Those in the Fertile
Crescent spend little time harvesting food and have plenty of time to develop technology and new
ideas instead of hunting or gathering. Those in Papua New Guinea are constantly hunting and
gathering because of their unstable food source and have no time to think of anything but survival
and can't develop at the same rate as civilizations with more abundant climates. The agriculture in
Europe was successful because of their climate. Europe was able to think of other things once they
decided to become sedentary and settle down and farm. Papua New Guinea was unable to do that
and had to migrate to find food sources, limiting their development. Europe had more time to

Essay on History of Disparity in Development
History of Disparity in Development Human is one of few creatures of mother earth that can think
and decide what is right or wrong. Due to that special characteristic, people are always curious about
something and try to find the reason about it. In 1974, Jared Diamond was staying in Papua New
Guinea, and one day, a local named Yali asked Diamond a deceptively simple question "Why is it
that you white people developed so much cargo, but we black people had little cargo of our own?"
(NGO, 2005) Jared thought it was very interesting question and made a research for more than 20
years. As a result, Jared was able to find his own conclusion and wrote a book call "Guns, Germs,
and Steel" based on knowledge he gathered from different places of ... Show more content on
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People started using plows using animals and animal's dung worked as a great fertilizer. Meanwhile
animals in Papua were not that useful. All they did was just providing meat. Due to that, people in
Papua needed to spend more time on gathering food while people in Fertile Crescent started to
develop day by day. People in Fertile Crescent now had more people and they were able to feed
technicians who work with irons. This made huge difference in technological development.
There are some other theories of human development. The most popular theory is about water
(Marrone, 2014/02/04). The key role water plays in human development is well accepted (Donoso,
2009) throughout the world. Unlike Diamond's theory, people who support the theory that water is a
main factor say domestication was possible because of existence of water and support with 3
different examples. First example is in 11500 years ago, people didn't have technology to pump the
water, so they had to use their hand in order to provide water to plants and animals. Due to that,
people naturally moved to the region that is close to the water (Briggs, 2009 and 2014/02/03).
Second example is, in ancient world, people's average life expectancy was 20 years (Galor/ Moav,
2007), it is caused by many reasons, but the main reason was disease. By washing their body
everyday with water made them cleaner and healthier than before. Longer lifespan means more

Methods of Domestication Used in Near East and Mesoamerica
Local culture in Near East and Mesoamerica each domesticated their own unique sets of plants and
animals, and they did so by pathways quite different from each other's. Agriculture domestication of
plants and animals developed around 10,000 BC. It also had undergone significant developments
since the time of the earliest cultivation. The transition of hunter gatherer to agriculture societies
indicates an antecedent period of intensification and increasing in agriculture communities. In the
past centuries, agriculture has developed throughout the world and has been characterized by
enhanced productivity, the replacement of human labor by synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, and
selective breeding and mechanization. The fertile crescent in Near East part were sites of earliest
planned snowing and harvesting of plants. During the agricultural period by Near East part wheat,
barley was famous for domesticated plants and sheep, goats, cattle and pigs were important
domesticated animals, on the other side in Mesoamerica maize, beans, squash was famous as their
domesticated plants and dogs were famous for domesticated animals. The parallel emergence of
food production in these two different nations highlights the importance of civilization. During the
agricultural period most humans survived in that time as a either foragers or hunter–gatherers
meaning they gather wild plants and hunting animals in their natural environments. During this time
period of foragers and

Explain Why The Cradle Of Civilization Is Mesopotamia
Unit 2 Lecture
The cradle of civilization is Mesopotamia. Why, you might ask? This week, you will discover the
reasons. You will understand the characteristics of civilization and the process of its emergence. You
will also demonstrate knowledge of the major characteristics of civilization and the process of its
emergence.
At the end of Unit 2, you will be able to:
1. Locate various civilizations of the era in time and place, and describe, and compare the cultures of
these various civilizations.
2. Analyze the spread of agricultural societies, and population movements.
Six thousand years ago, civilization emerged in Mesopotamia. The Ancient Greek word meaning the
land between the rivers is used today to describe the valley between the

The Fertile Crescent
If someone were to ask you the question of when and where human civilization began, you might
find yourself a little perplexed in answering the question. If you then decided to ask a few other
people this question, you might find a few different answers. You might hear a number of people
argue one geographical region over another. In the beginning of human civilization, the world
consisted mainly of hunter–gatherer types of people. This method of survival was a constantly
moving small groups of people. These people would make temporary structures in order to shelter
themselves while hunting and providing for their families. In order for civilization to begin, many
things would have to take place. The very first thing would have to be that humans would stop
moving. That ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Humans stopped moving and depended on a settled way of living. This settlement could not have
taken place without an abundant water source and supply. . If you were to research this question
further, you would then find that human civilization might have occurred in many different places
simultaneously. This is because a small number of different river valleys existed in the Eastern
Hemisphere. Among these different water sources was a very unique piece of land that is called
today the Fertile Crescent. It was one of the first areas of human civilization because of its position
next to water sources and the people's ability to maneuver and manage their resources around them
to control that water. The Fertile Crescent is considered by many to be the first area of a civilized
society. "With hindsight, it is described as the first great transformation in human society. For almost
99% of our existence, humans have made their living by collecting wild plant foods, by fishing, and

How Steel Helped Civilizations
Steel helped civilizations like the Fertile Crescent, Eurasia, and Spain develop and improve farming
and battle skills, allowing them to appropriate resources and develop massively.
Four things were needed to make steel: time, specialists, the ability to burn hot fires, and iron.
Semi arid places with four seasons, like the Fertile Crescent, Eurasia, and Spain were able to grow
wheat and sustain domestic animals like horses, pigs, cows, sheep, and goats. Enough food for a
civilization allowed specialists to develop. Perfecting the process of metallurgy was difficult,
tedious work, specialists/ironmongers and extra time were necessary to developing steel
technologies. The Fertile Crescent, Eurasia, and Spain's dry climate allowed them to burn

Syrian Civil War : The Arab Springs
Comparable to past catastrophic events throughout world history, Syria's civil war began as a chain
of significant circumstances which lead to eventual turmoil. Although the Arab Springs, a series of
uprisings against dictators in northern Africa and southwest Asia, was the primary basis for the
Syrian civil war, climate change induced drought was undoubtedly the inception that provoked the
Arab Spring in Syria. Water is essential to human life aiding in agriculture production and livestock
care as well as basic human nourishment. Without this life supporting element, rural people flooded
to the cities in droves seeking their basic human needs. Along with millions of rural Syrians, Iraq
refugees were also flocking to the Syrian cities for comfort and aid. With overcrowded cities,
minimal resources, few jobs, and an oppressive government, Syria was doomed for rebellion and
civil war, especially considering rebellions in neighboring countries was so successful. Peaceful
protests for basic human needs and equal rights were met with aggressive opposition by government
militants, which fueled more protests and more deaths. Ultimately, the record drought of 2006–2011
eventually caused the Arab Spring which lead to the Syrian civil war.
The Land of Syria
Snug within the Fertile Crescent, Syria lies in the Middle East region within the southwest Asian
realm and is encircled by Turkey to the north, Iraq to the southeast, and Jordan on the southern
border, while Lebanon and the

Disadvantages Of Geography
In the US, 1 out of 3 children are overweight, making childhood obesity the number one health
concern for parents. This is the complete opposite in Yemen, as there are around 400,000 children
there that suffer from malnutrition, causing a child to die every 10 minutes from diseases related to
starvation. All over the world, countries are at different levels of technological advancements, but
where do these disparities come from? How could one place become so much more advanced than
others? The answer to inequality starts with geography. Europe's geographical placement gave
Europeans the advantage of having abundant, nutritious crops, giving them domesticable animals.
Having these animals leads to the spread of germs between humans and animals. Their geography
also gave them everything necessary for steel production. All these advantages gave the Europeans
the ability to decimate other cultures and appropriate their resources, giving them more power.
The first step to development is agriculture. A civilization's latitude or geographic location affects
the place's amount of sunlight and the number of seasons they get, dictating the climate. The climate
affects the crops they can grow, which in turn controls how productive the people can be, leading to
development. Civilizations that lack plentiful and nutritional crops have less time to be productive
and develop than those who do. The geography of a place, or the latitude line they are on controls
seasons. A place such as

Develope Geography And Geography Of Papua New Guinea
The Spanish was able to overtake the Incas who´s population was millions while they were a mere
few hundred. How did they do it? The geography predicted the success of the civilization. They did
not develop at the same pace because of this. Europe was thriving and dominating because of nearly
pure luck with their geography. The geographical location and latitude will affect what climate an
area has. The climate affects what crops grow. Locations that grow plentiful food can leave more
time open for development. The Fertile Crescent is semi arid with 4 seasons. It's located north of the
equator. The climate allows the area to sufficiently grow wheat. Wheat is a very easy crop to grow,
farm, and harvest. Wheat is also full of protein and calories and can be stored for multiple years.
Papua New Guinea is a rain forest in the tropics. The wet and warm climate only grows one
essential crop, the sago trees require hard work to cut down, open, and mash into a dough. After
baking in the sun the food is completed after days of harvesting. This long process produces food
that only lasts about a week and is low in protein and calories. Those in the Fertile Crescent don't
spend long harvesting food and have plenty of time to develop technology and new ideas instead of
hunting or gathering. Those in Papua New Guinea are constantly hunting and gathering because of
their unstable food source and have no time to think of anything but survival and can't develop the
same. The agriculture in

White Men As A Source Of Inequality Essay
"Why do the white men have so much cargo and we new guineans have so little?" –Yali. When jared
diamond was in Papua New Guinea a man named Yali asked him a question "Why do the white men
have so much cargo and we new guineans have so little?" So this caused him to look in why the
world was unequal. It boiled down to geography was the biggest source of inequality which led to
four big categories for inequality they are Crops/Agricultural, Animal Domestication, Germs, and
the manufacturing of steel and other metals.
The first thing to jump start in equality was different crops and agriculture in other parts of the
world. In the Fertile Crescent there was wheat but in Papua New Guinea they have a plant called
sago that the natives have to chop down and cut into the core of the plant this where they harvest the
pulp and mix it with water so it turns into a paste that the people can then eat but it only stores for a
couple of days, has little yield in calories, contains no protein, and can take up to ... Show more
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All of the stuff stated before may just seem like nonsense but it all ties the thesis statement, it shows
that geography was the source of most inequality in the world by letting certain places advance and
others not. Like the people of Papua New Guinea even in the present day are living like they are in
the stone age because they never had spare time to advance in tools or technology or structures this
all took place because all their time was taken up by constantly have to harvest food such as sago.
Although the people of Eurasia had more time then they knew what to do with they could just sit
back while their wheat grew and advance their houses, tools, and technology they got a very easy
start to move up on the hierarchy of needs and they were able to move up quite

Gus germs and steel Essay
Gus germs and steel
1. Yali asks Diamond, "Why is it that you white people developed sp much cargo and brought it to
New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own."
2. Jared Diamond's thesis seems to be that external factors such as geography can affect the fate of
human societies. In other words, what separates the winners from the losers is geography.
Chapter 1
1. "The Great Leap Forward" is when human history developed about
50,000 years ago.
2. The giant moas in New Zealand and the giant lemurs in Madagascar were exterminated by
humans.
3. 15,000 years ago the American West looked like Africa's Serengeti
Plains. It was filled with elephants, giraffes, zebras, and other
African animals. All of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Chapter 6
1. Food production was evolved rather then discovered because the first people who adopted food
production were not trying to farm because they had never seen how to farm.
2. The four factors that "tipped the competitive advantage away from hunter–gathering and toward
sedentary food production" were: a.)There was a decline in the amount of animal resources. b)
There was an increased availability of domesticable plants. c) There was an increased development
of technologies for collecting, storing, and processing wild foods. d) There was a two way link
between the rise in food production and a rise on human population density, meaning that the food
producing societies grew.
Chapter 9
1. Domesticated animals are defined as an animal that has been selectively bred in captivity and has
been modified from its ancestors. According to Jared Diamond, Elephants have only been tamed

because they have not been changed from their ancestors.
2. In order to be domesticated, animals must posses a variety of characteristics. Failure in anyone of
the characteristics would mean that the animal cannot be domesticated. The characteristics are: A.)
Diet–The animal's biomass should be around 10%. This means that carnivores would be practically
impossible to domesticate. B.) Growth
Rate–The animals must grow fast. C.) Problems with captive breeding–The animals must be willing
to share their space with others.
D.) Nasty

Technology In The Fertile Crescent
"Technology, in the form of weapons and transport, provides the direct means by which certain
peoples have expanded their realms and conquered other peoples" (Diamond 241). In the modern
world, weapons seem to define the outcomes of wars. Technology motivates the daily lives of
people internationally. Throughout history, weapons and technology have led to major conquests
and growths of human civilizations.
After 11,000 B.C., technology in the Fertile Crescent developed immensely. Inventions including
flint blades for harvesting, baskets and containers for collecting crops, and underground storage pits
made it possible for food production to occur. "These cumulative developments constituted the
unconscious first steps of plant domestication" (Diamond 111). Utilizing the further geographical
advantage of rich soil, people of the Fertile Crescent leapt into the world of food production. Food
production, in turn, yielded large food surpluses stored in baskets, allowing the society to move
toward a sedentary lifestyle and a more organized, specialized community. Simple agricultural tool
advancements led to a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They organized signs in a logical manner and made the system easier to remember by naming signs
after familiar objects. These improvements constituted a major jump ahead in writing systems and
communication. Through the spread of ideas, people inspired by existing alphabets created new
writing systems. Writing reached almost the entire world. Tales of conquest flooded the literate
world: "Written accounts of earlier expeditions motivated later ones, by describing the wealth and
fertile lands awaiting the conquerors. The accounts taught subsequent explorers what conditions to
expect, and helped them prepare themselves" (Diamond 216). The technology involved in writing
(printing presses, ink, paper, etc.) made ideas travel the world and promoted many major

The Environment Dbq
We all know that earth was changed through the ages. We've gone from nothing to dinosaurs,
humans, and wars. We've, as a race have used and adapted to our environment to meet our needs,
such as food and water. We started farming, using domestic animals, and storing the food. The lives
of people of the ancient world were shaped by the geography of their region because it affects the
amount of food produced, the accessibility to water, and their ease at which to find shelter. Farming
is a very important job. Humans didn't start with framing thougth. At first we were hunters and
gatherers moving with the food. Over time we started to farm; after the Ice Age there was a huge
drought. Humans started to farm and live at one spot. Document 1–1

Geography Of The Fertile Crescent
Six thousand years ago, two rivers flowed from the mountains and down through Syria and Iraq, and
finally to the Persian Gulf, and provided the lifeblood that allowed the formation of farming
settlements.
Geography of the Fertile Crescent
In the landscape between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea, which is dominated by a
desert climate, is an arc of land that provides some of the best farming in Southwest Asia, which is
called the Fertile Crescent.
Fertile Plains In between where the Tigris and Euphrates rivers flow in the eastern part of the Fertile
Crescent, is called the Mesopotamia (Greek for "land between the rivers"). At least once a year the
rivers flooded Mesopotamia, as the water receded it left a thick bed of silt. In ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The second disadvantage was that Sumer was a small region, and so the protection of the village
was hard. The third and final disadvantage was that the natural resources of Sumer were extremely
limited.
Creating Solutions Over time, the people of Sumer created solutions to deal with the
problems/disadvantages. To provide water, they dug irrigation ditches that carried river water to the
fields, and allowed them to provide a surplus of crops. To defend the city/village, they built city
walls with mud bricks. Then they traded with the people of the mountains and the desert for the
products they lacked. They would trade their grain, cloth, and crafted tools for the stone, wood, and
metal they needed to make tools and buildings. It took many people working together, like for the
large irrigation systems. Leaders planned the projects and supervise the digging. The projects
created the need for laws to settle disputes over how land and water was distributed. This was the
beginning of an organized government. Sumerians Create City–States The Sumerians stand out in
history as one of the first groups of people to form a civilization. The five key characteristics that set
Sumer apart from other early human societies are advanced cities, specialized workers, complex
institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology. By 3000 B.C. the Sumerians had built a
number of cities, each surrounded by fields of barley and wheat. They all had the

The Importance Of Geography On The World
An average American citizen spends about $2,600 on food each year, while other countries can
barely even get enough food to feed themselves every day. How did the world become like this?
Why is the world so unequal? The reason behind this is geography. Geography was the main reason
that Europeans were able to decimate other cultures and appropriate their resources. The geography
of Europe allowed Europeans to have good crops, domesticated animals, steel to make weapons, and
immunity to smallpox, which ultimately contributed to them coming to power.
Geographical factors depend on the latitude of a place, which in turn affects climate. This controls
what crops the people can grow and how the people can develop and spend their time. In order to
grow wheat, the climate needs to be very dry and hot, like the Fertile Crescent. The Fertile Crescent
has a semi–arid climate, making it a good place for wheat to grow. Wheat is high in protein, has a
surplus of calories, can withstand long–term storage, and is easy to grow and harvest. Papua New
Guinea, on the other hand, is a jungle, which makes it a tropical climate. Sago trees grow in a
tropical climate, like Papua New Guinea. Sago takes three to four days to harvest, because you have
to cut down the tree, shave the bark off, take the middle out, and then smash it into a dough to bake
into bread. Sago is low in protein, doesn't last long, and is calorie deficient. The Fertile Crescent was
able to advance because of their climate and what they could grow which gave them more time to do
other things, whereas Papua New Guinea had food that took too long to harvest and lacked in
nutrients. The two locations are unequal because the Fertile Crescent could move on to creating new
technology since they weren't wasting time on harvesting food like the New Guineans. The climate
decides what the people can grow.
Geographic location affects what animals there are in certain places, depending on the latitude, and
what animals can survive in that climate. This affects the development of a civilization because they
can't move on to have new materials and animal muscles to pull plows. Not all animals can be
domesticated because if they are a carnivore, can't reproduce quickly, won't

What Is The Fertile Crescent?
The Fertile Crescent name is self explanatory. This is an area in the Middle East between the Tigris
and Euphrates rivers, that being said, this led to the development of early civilization. At the time,
this region provided the population with enough irrigation for the crops. In order to provide for the
growing population, water was essential. Both the Tigris and Euphrates rivers were able to fulfil
those needs. Water was an environmental factor that surpassingly benefited the growth of human
civilization.
During spring, flooded rivers were created due to the melting snow by mountains nearby (Lockard,
2011). Having said that, flooded nearby swamps were supplied with an immense amount of fish,
wildlife and levees that could be planted. Not

Syria And The Greater Fertile Crescent
1. Syria and the greater Fertile Crescent are often thought of as the birth of agricultural societies,
some 12,00 years ago. Recently, however, this area has experience the worst 3 year drought on
record. The drought conditions exacerbated existing political, water and agricultural insecurity and
caused mass agricultural failure, livestock mortality, massive rural to urban human migrations.
Kelley et al set out to understand how these effects were the product of vulnerability and hazard
severity by analyzing Syria's liability to drought and the social impacts of the recent droughts
leading to the onset of the Syrian civil war. The Kelley team completed their analysis through
observations and climate models in order to assess how unusual the drought was within the observed
records and the reasons why it was so severe.
Kelley et al believe that the socio–economic severity of the drought was due to a variety of factors,
however, there were ___ main factors that exacerbated one another. One such factor that ignited the
following sequence of events was the Syrians governments agricultural policy of increasing
agricultural production to assist rural constituents. The increase in unsustainable agricultural
production led to a rapid decline of groundwater in which farms without access to irrigation canals
linked to river tributaries, pumped groundwater supplies roughly 60% of all water used for irrigation
purposes. Thus when a severe drought began in 2006/2007, the agricultural

Tom Standage: A Very Brief History Of Beer
Nearly fifty thousand years ago life consisted of humans "hunting and gathering" needed substances
and materials for survival. These nomadic peoples lives greatly changed when they miraculously
decided to settle down in one place. What was credited with this drastic change has been debated for
quite some time. Tom Standage credits this shift with the discovery of beer. Nomads searched
everywhere to accumulate wild wheat and barley, they used cereal grains to thicken soup;but it
seemed cereal grains had another unusual property. This property was that they could stay fresh for
years without going bad; all the nomads had to do is store them properly. This discovery caused new
tools and storing techniques to be invented, but this wasn't all cereal grains could offer. It was
discovered that when these grains are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To ensure they would always have beer and food, the nomads switched to a farming lifestyle. Beer
also helped to make up for the drop in nutrition hunter–gathers were receiving from their diets. Beer
drinkers had better nutrition over non–beer drinkers. This farming and civilized lifestyle lead to
civilizations consisting of many farmers; these civilizations lead to bigger civilizations, such as
cities. Tom Standage uses many forms of source material to accompany his opinions, much of this
material comes from the stone age. He reads many cuneiform tablets and other written material.
Stanage also refers to many novels, and documentaries about many of beers qualities and its effect
on people in his source chapter. Standage refers to many people throughout history rewarding,
selling, and trading beer to other people. This leaves the conclusion that beer is like everything else
in this world; and industry. Industry enabled humans to settle in one place, build massive
civilizations, and arise to power. If not for what might be the world's first industry; then there would
be no civilisation.

Papua New Guinea Essay
Why are we driving cars and using cell phones, while people of Papua New Guinea are using sticks
and stones to chop down a tree and hunt?! It's all because of our geographical inequality. Our world
is so unequal depending on where you are in the world. People in Eurasia got the best climate to
grow wheat. What does wheat have to do with inequality? Wheat won't grow in Papua New Guinea!
Wheat grows in humid climates and takes little effort to grow and farm. Wheat is an easy crop to
harvest and grow, not to mention it takes very few people to go out, collect and regrow it again. Not
to mention that wheat can be stored for 7–8 months. People of Papua New Guinea live in a tropical
and very wet climate, not only that, but the ground is to dense to plant wheat. That means People of
Papua New Guinea can't get wheat. Instead they have to go out and hunt for their food. One type of
food that they eat, is called the Sago ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Iron was mined and they needed better tools and weapons. Eurasia had a perfect climate for keeping
a hot fire (over 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit ). It took time and many failed attempts, to actually forge
steel. Then to turn it into tools and swords was another challenge. Spain mastered the sword, light
weight long swords with heavy counterweight pommels. Spain also made steel plate armor for
battle. The Spanish sailed to South America to eliminate the Incas to find "Eldorado," City of Gold.
They kinda did, the Incas had only gold as their material. Gold was common to them so they made
almost everything of of gold. While the Spanish had steel swords and armor. The Incas had gold and
lots of it, but gold was too brittle to make swords and armor out of it. The Incas were an army of
thousands, and Spanish only hundreds on horseback and steel. The Spanish conquered the Incas
because of how powerful steel was, they also had a little help from diseases, but that'll be covered

How Civilization Changes Throughout History
Multiple times in history it is shown that the location of civilizations effects their success. After all,
location effects people's traditions along with their way of life further shaping not only their
physical success but their cultural success as well. Throughout history the success of civilizations
has been heavily dependant on their proximity to water, food, and other civilizations. Without these
resources many civilizations would not have been able to thrive as they did and the world would be
a very different place than it is today.
Water is one of the most important resources, not only to civilizations but to life in general, and so
throughout history civilizations have been created around large bodies of fresh water. For example
the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Water is now considered one of the necessities of life as is food. Trade between nations is also an
essential part of modern day life due to the fact that without it many countries would be incapable of
sustaining their populations with their own resources. As time has gone on the methods of
controlling water, growing food, and trading goods has changed a great deal as new technologies
have allowed advancements in each of these areas. Because of these innovations many countries
have been able to expand further than was thought possible before due to the fact that they didn't
have to worry about transportation issues, lack of food, or scarcity of

Guns Germs And Steel Discussion Questions
1. Yali's question is "Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo and brought it to
New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own?" In a broader sense, why did some
things progress in some areas, but not in others?
2. The first consideration Diamond discusses is that just because something happened and that it
would have happened anyway, it does not make the act good or just. The second consideration is
that the most powerful region, in this case, western Europe, should not be the only one talked about
because ideas and practices that are now or were at that time integrated into their culture were not
necessarily developed by them, but by other culture that imported their beliefs into European
culture. The third ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This led to a growth in population because now there was no restriction on how often you could
have children, just how many you can care for. This led to a greater population density which
ultimately started civilizations.
8. One factor that contributed to the transition from hunting–gathering to farming was the decline in
the availability of wild foods to gather. A second factor was an increased availability of wild plants.
A third factor was the development of technologies that food production would later depend upon. A
fourth factor was the link between the rise in population density and the rise in food production. A
fifth factor was food producers could force hunter–gatherers to leave or kill them off because of the
great numbers they had.
9. One advantage the Fertile Crescent had in food production was that it had a Mediterranean
climate that was mild and wet in the winter and hot and dry in the long summers. This allows plants
to grow quickly after the dry season when the rain comes back. A second advantage was many
plants there were already very abundant and very productive. A third advantage was that it had a lot
of hermaphrodite plants that would almost always pollinate themselves and occasionally cross–
pollinate which allowed a little more variety. A fourth advantage was that the area had different
levels of elevation which allowed a variety of plants to grow in a small

Similarities And Differences Between Mesopotamia And Egypt
The ancient civilizations that inhabited Mesopotamia mark some of the first times where humans
formed complex societies. Mesopotamia was located in the Fertile Crescent in modern day Iraq,
surrounded on both sides by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers which were its source of life. Both
rivers flooded irregularly, and the black silt deposited by the flooding made the land extremely
suitable for farming. Aside from the two rivers, Mesopotamia did not have any other natural barriers
like mountains or deserts to protect itself from invaders. Ancient Egypt, another civilization that
flourished about the same time, was centered around the Nile River Valley and Delta. The area next
to the river was lush and well–watered due to predictable flooding. Most of the people during this
era lived close to the river and centered their life around it. The other parts of Egypt were the Sinai
Peninsula, which connected to the Arabian Peninsula; the Western Desert, which was part of the
greater Libyan Desert; and the Eastern Desert, which was part of the Arabian Desert. These deserts
made the Nile region less accessible to other civilizations than Mesopotamia. The similarities and
differences in the geographical nature of Mesopotamia and Egypt influenced the political, economic
and religious aspects of the ancient civilizations that flourished there.
Because of its geographical location, Mesopotamia consisted of shorter lasting empires which are
generally grouped together because of the region.

Critique Of Ishmael's 'Fertile Crescent'
Imagine this scene: A man is sitting in the dimly lit office of his adopted professor. The professor is
explaining, in great detail, the origin of man and the course of human evolution. To illustrate his
points, the professor draws various maps of the so–called "Fertile Crescent" in the Middle East and
references biblical stories with the ease of an Ivy League historian. His student listens intently as the
professor makes complex inferences and analyses of where man has been and where he is going.
The professor is a gorilla. What is wrong with this picture?
In a word, nothing. Though one might not expect much in the way of cultural insight from a gorilla,
Ishmael is clearly different. He has apparently taken to educating himself during the long hours in
his cage, and as a result has become well–versed in human civilization. His area of expertise is,
fittingly enough, captivity. Exactly what the concept of captivity has to do with the course of human
evolution is not immediately obvious, but it quickly becomes clear. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
But captive? Captivity is for animals, or at most for the "less advanced" nomadic tribes who are
dependant on their environment for food and shelter.
As we see it, us children of the Industrial Age are not at the mercy of anything or anyone. If we want
food, we simply go to the store and purchase vegetables that we have grown or meat from animals
that we have raised. If we need shelter from an approaching storm, we take cover in one of the
weatherproofed, heated homes that we have built. Nothing can touch us, and we are capable of
providing for ourselves and growing without limit. The world is our oyster, and there is no end to
what our incredibly intelligent, productive and self–supporting civilization can

Ancient Egypt And Ancient Civilizations
As seen throughout time, one of the chief concerns of all ancient civilizations was to maintain order
and stability. Civilizations such as ancient Egypt, ancient Rome and even the ancient Babylonian
societies all set forth an effort to maintain stability. Influencing forces on this stability were
religious, political and even geographical. I've noticed that many civilizations flourish for hundreds
of years only to fall or be taken over by the next generation. Some cities today are remnants of these
fallen empires such as Rome in Italy or Alexandria in Egypt. Our earliest signs of human civilization
date all the way back to 10,000BCE, when we see the Neolithic revolution. First signs of farming
are seen in the fertile crescent, along with the domestication of animals. The spread of agriculture
allows for permanent settling in a single area. The Fertile Crescent was the perfect place for first
civilization because it was located in major river basins which in turn made the soil extremely
fertile. The Tigres and Euphrates river that surrounded the Fertile Crescent also acted as an easy
source of transportation through out the area. This encouraged trade and the development of new
communities. Around 5300BCE Sumaria is often accepted as the first civilization, it was a collection
of city–states who shared common values and they also had Cuneiform which was the first
documented form of writing. Sumaria also held the first government bureaucracy with laws which
helped them hold

The Fertile Crescent curves from the Persian Gulf to the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea.
Within the Fertile Crescent lies a region that the ancient Greeks later named it Mesopotamia, which
means "between the rivers." Mesopotamia is the area of land between the Tigris and Euphrates
rivers, which flow from the highlands of Turkey through Iraq and form the Shat–al–Arab River
before it flows into the Persian Gulf. Around 3300 B.C., the world's first civilization developed in
southeastern Mesopotamia, in a region called Sumer.
Organizing for Floods and Irrigation Control of the Tigris and Euphrates was key to developments
in Mesopotamia. The rivers frequently rose in terrifying floods that washed away topsoil and
destroyed

Guns Germs and Steel Essay
1. Yali's question; "Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo and brought it to New
Guinea but we black people had little cargo of our own?" 2. Diamond rewords the question as
"History followed different courses for different peoples because of differences among people
environment not because of biological differences among peoples themselves." 3. Jared Diamond
analyzes several factors that he believes contributed to the existing balance of the world's resources.
In order to answer Yali's question, he speculates about the role of geography, technology, cultural
diffusion, agriculture, culture and biology. 4. The Maori evolved differently because of population
and leadership differences. The Maori conquered the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
10. These areas are Sahel, tropical West Africa, Ethiopia, and New Guinea. 11. These areas were
western and central Europe, Indus valley, and Egypt. 12. The only hunter–gatherers to continue to
exist were those who were separated geographically or lived in areas not fit for food producing. One
theory of why people first started producing food was just as a back–up plan. Another theory is that
there are different factors in different parts of the world that caused the decision to move to farming.
13. A plant is to be domesticated when its native characteristics are altered such that it cannot grow
and reproduce without human intervention. 14. Because Different factors in different parts of the
world caused the decision to move to farming. 15. Some plants need to be pollinated by another
plant, but some mutant plants are self–pollinating. These self pollinating plants would also be picked
and eventually wipe out the non self–pollinating plants. 16. Eurasia 17. Three advantages were the
climate of the Fertile Crescent was wet in the winters and dry in the summers, ancestor crops were
already very productive and fruitful, and many of the crops that inhabited the Fertile Crescent were
self–pollinating. 18. For one the continent contained the largest amount of wild mammals. Another
reason is that Eurasia has had the least extinction in the last

Guns Germs And Steel Essay Geography
Guns, Germs and Steel Essay A human's location, location can affect what a human can grow the
animals you can tame and what you can make.Key places. That couldn't make, these are: Papua
New Guinea, The Incas, Antarctica and any ot the people of the middle east. (Not including Eurasia)
Geography climate, Climate controls food, Resources, Animals and many other Items, Crops and
domesticated animals controlled the ability a civilization has to develop.
Agriculture
Climate can control what a human can grow. The people of the fertile crescent are able to grow
wheat and good crops as well as feed and tame and domesticate animals. While people of Papua
New Guinea have the sago tree and not able to grow crops. You can feed Animals as well as make
bread with wheat and are able to store ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It affects a civilization because they without that animal or animals.` Hide or Meat. The
requirements for domestication are: To be able to be tamed, herbivore and the animal's location. Not
all animals can be domesticated because any animals are carnivores, any animals are to fast and to
strong to be domesticated. "Zebras" any civilizations dont have the same domesticated animals
because of climate and their food options. Domesticated animals benefit a civilization because they
have their hide,meat and milk Papua New Guinea have any wild animals that can't be domesticated
and Papua New Guinea doesn't have those crops that helps domestic animals need. While the fertile
Crescent do. Papua New Guinea needs a lot of time to prepare food while people of the fertile
crescent dont need as much. Availability of domesticated animals is controlled by geography
because. Animals look for food and if your civilization doesn't have that then your civilization
doesn't have that animal Plain and

The Fertile Crescent stretches like a crescent moon from the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea
to the Persian Gulf, containing Egypt and Mesopotamia. The terms mentioned throughout the essay
are different empires and locations. Sumer was the first civilization and is located in the narrowing
plain between the lower reaches of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. About 5,000 years ago,
Sumerians developed writing, construction of cities, and domestication of animals. The Akkadians
took over Sumer around 2350 BCE when Sargon I. became leader and began seizing territories as
reward for winning a war. Ancient egypt, laid southwest of the Fertile Crescent alongside the Nile
River in Africa. People have lived there since around 5000 BCE and began ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Polytheism is the belief in multiple gods. They used these gods to explain natural phenomenons
such as storms, droughts, and floods. In the sumerian religion, there were more than 3,000 different
gods, many of them, however, were unknown outside their local area of origin. City–states could
create their own gods and way of worship, on top of the standardized major gods and worship
practices. Some of the major gods the people of Sumer recognized were Enlil, the god of air, Utu,
the sun god, Nanna Suen, the moon god, Nin–Khursaga, the Earth goddess, and Enki, the god of
waters. The Akkadian people believed in similar gods, just with different names. For example, the
god Utu was known as Shamash to Akkadians, Nanna Suen was known as Sin, and Nin–Khursaga
was known is Ishtar. To the west of Sumer and Akkad, ancient Egypt was participating in
polytheism. The Egyptians also had a system of a widespread recognition of a company of major
deities that would rule over local gods created in each cult center. One of the major gods, Ptah, was
responsible for creating the world. Other gods include Osiris, Seth, Isiris, Anubis, and Horus. With
all the gods having control of nature, the followers were heavily dependent upon them for the
success of their harvests and

Ancient Greek Artifacts
Archaeologists find out about prehistoric times by studying artifacts.
The artifacts helped the archaeologists understand the culture of the prehistoric people.
Archaeologists found footprints similar to humans which gave proof of hominids in prehistoric
times.
People like creatures first came into history during the Paleolithic age.
During the Neolithic age the people were more advanced than the Paleolithic age.
Technology was created in the Neolithic age to help aid the people in daily tasks.
Homo sapiens are the species of modern humans.
The people of the Old Stone Age were called nomads for they migrated based on food sources.
The hunter–gatherers food supply depended on the collecting of edible plants and hunting animals.
Neolithic revolution ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Much of the Mesopotamian life/work took place in a massive ziggurat.
During the Bronze Age many civilizations started up in the Fertile Crescent.
In Mesopotamia they struggled with unpredictable flooding of the two rivers that bordered it.
In Mesopotamia the Sumerians built a number of city–states.
Many Fertile Crescent civilizations were controlled by dynasties.
Civilization grew through cultural diffusion.
Many people of the Fertile Crescent were polytheistic and believed that the gods controlled forces of
nature.
Around 2350 B.C. Mesopotamia was overcome by Sargon, creating the first empire.
In Mesopotamia Hammurabi created the first laws.
When Egypt was divided into two separate parts Lower Egypt included the Nile delta.
After about 2,000 years Upper and Lower Egypt were finally united by King Narmer.
In ancient Egypt pharaohs were worshipped like gods.
In ancient Egypt the pharaohs ruled as gods creating a theocracy government.
So they could rule in the afterlife Egyptian rulers were buried in pyramids.
To preserve the pharaohs the Egyptian people put the corpse through a process known as
mummification.
Egyptians kept written records in

Compare And Contrast Egypt And Mesopotamia
As you will journey through a time which two of the greatest civilizations that thrived in both
similar and different ways. Although the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia had many
similar and handful of differences characteristics due to their individual geographies, both have
there own cteristics towards their way of religion and economy, The civilization of Mesopotamia
created by people called Sumerians have chosen the land "Between Rivers" Tigris and Euphrates
(pg.9) to flourish a civilization. In the blazing hot desert of Egypt you would not think civilization
would flourish like the "Fertile Crescent" (pg.10) of Mesopotamia, but the "Gift of the Nile"(pg.14)
begins in the heart of Africa and crossing northward flourishing civilization by its sides. Both
Mesopotamia and Egypt have agricultural And trades oversea or land. One thing that these two
civilizations had in common was the leaders calling themselves being a divine being and that they
were the chosen one, as for the Egyptian pharaoh was the almighty "Son of Re" and Mesopotamian
kings where the "Son of Anu" god of the sky. Both civilizations were polytheistic, belief in many
gods.
Egypt's geography was different from the Mesopotamian geography because egypt's land was on
either side of the Nile river so all the fertile land on the side of the great Nile was being used. And
the Mesopotamian civilization called Chaldeans,babylonians,ur akkadians, assyrians, sumerians,
medes, persians

Mesopotamia, Egypt, And The Indus River Valley
Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus River Valley were all civilizations situated near rivers. In
Mesopotamia, the Tigris and Euphrates rivers rose annually but were prone to flooding. In Egypt, on
the other hand, the Nile River had predictable flooding and was and still is the longest river in the
world. It was also easy to traverse due to southern wind patterns and northern currents. In the Indus
Valley, people lived near the Indus River, hence the name. Also, they were isolated, surrounded by
the Himalayas, just as Egypt was isolated, surrounded by deserts, mountains, seas, and cataracts. On
the other hand, Mesopotamia was more open and vulnerable to invasion. In all three cradles,
agriculture began independently. As a result of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Egypt, the pharaoh served as God and king. The Sun God was the "main" God, leading to
discussion today over whether Egyptians technically practiced monotheism before the Hebrews.
However, King Tut later reverted back to polytheism. They had a main focus on the afterlife, which
explains why they mummified their dead. The people of the Indus Valley were polytheistic and
worshipped some female deities. Divisions in the land took place in each of these three early
civilizations. Mesopotamia was a loose confederation of walled–off city–states each ruled by a king.
Rivalry over land and water amongst these city–states often led to violent conflict. In fact, under the
rule of the Assyrians, these walls were 5 to 7 stories high and a hundred feet thick in some places.
Egypt was not as divided as Mesopotamia and was ruled by a pharaoh who served as God and king.
The Indus Valley people were the first to use zoning, or when certain areas are designated as
residential, commercial, and for manufacturing. Unlike in the Fertile Crescent, there was little
indication of political hierarchy or centralized states. The Ziggurat, the largest structure in many of
the Mesopotamian city–states, served as a temple or pyramid, while many of the around 70 cities of
the Indus Valley had citadels, or two–story buildings with a "bath" on top that represented a
centralized authority. In contrast, the pyramids of Egypt showed job

Fertile Crescent River Research Paper
Fish for example, also move in the direction the river current is moving which makes it easier to
catch the fish (White, Page 15). Plants also thrive when they have an abundant amount of water.
Being near water means it does not have to be transported a big distance which is easier on the
person or animal moving the water. The ground is also moister being near since the ground around it
is eroding and absorbing the water. The Fertile Crescent region is where the most fertile soil was for
agricultural use. Plants thrived in this area because of the soil fertility and the amount of fresh water
that was readily available since the Fertile Crescent is located on several important water features.
Having fresh water available, led to wild edible

Domesticated Animals Carry Epidemic Diseases
Did you know that half of the world is living on about $2.50 every day? This isn't because of their
race, how much money they have, or that they're not working hard enough. It all comes down to
where they were located geographically on the world. With the right geography, a civilization can
grow plants that have all of the qualities that allows them to be farmed and used as the civilisation's
main source of food. Farming gave them more time to discover that they could also domesticate
some animals that had the right features. These domesticated animals carry epidemic diseases, so
when a civilization would spent their whole life with the animals, their body would be taught to
fight off the different diseases and eventually become immune. When ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Once a country develops steel, they are able to travel anywhere and most likely win every battle,
because steel weapons are the strongest and sharpest weapons. This opens up the whole world's
resources land to colonize. To make steel, a civilization needs to have the right geography to grow
trees that had dry wood to create long, hot fires. They also needed to have the right geography that
gave them iron ore, the foundation of steel, and a food surplus to create non–food specialists, that
could dedicate their life to creating steel, which luckily Spain's geography gave them all of these
things. They decided to create better weapons because they had competition with the other
civilizations that lived around them. Although the Incas had dry wood, for the fire, and a food
surplus, to give them specialists, they didn't have iron ore to create steel or a motive. They didn't
have any civilizations that lived near them. They did have an abundance of precious metals, but
since they had so much of it, they didn't think of it as very valuable and they used it for everyday
tools. When the Spanish developed steel and sea–going ships, they decided to search for Eldorado, a
paradise made of gold. They eventually found themselves in the Incan

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