This document discusses the agricultural technology transfer system in India. It outlines the historical technological developments in Indian agriculture such as the Persian wheel, wooden plough, and bullock cart. It also discusses the challenges currently facing Indian agriculture like declining farm sizes and rising costs. The document then examines different approaches that have been used for agricultural development in India, including the community development approach, area approach, target group employment approach, single line extension approach, and participatory development approach. It emphasizes the importance of participatory development and farmer participation in strengthening agricultural technology transfer.

1. Agricultural technology transfer
system in India

2. Introduction
Since ancient times, agriculture is the primary
activity of people living in India.

3. Technological reforms
Persian wheel Wooden plough Bullock cart
Sprinklers Thresher Tractor

4. Challenges in Agriculture
Skewed reach of green revolution
Declining farm sizes
Rising costs of inputs & labour
Skewed cropping pattern
Agricultural marketing

5. Agricultural development process
and approaches

6. Different approaches for agricultural
development
• Community development approach
• Intensification of agriculture/area approach
• Target group employment approach
• Professional extension/Single line approach
• Participatory development approach

7. Community Development Approach

8. Intensification of agriculture/Area
approach
• Different programme like IAAP, IADP , HYVP
became must for agricultural development.
• Purpose was to increase crop yields by using modern
means of production.
• This approach failed to help especially poor farm
households and reduce inequity.

9. Target group/Employment approach
• Emphasis was broadened from agricultural to
rural development.
• Programmes like SFDA, MFAL, DPAP, IRDP
adopt different strategies for development but
no emphasis was on participatory approach.

10. Professional Extension/Single line
approach
• Emphasis on the role of extension in
technology transfer to encourage utilization
results.
• Flow of information is one way and feedback
is minimal.

11. Participatory development approach
• Participatory development approach seeks to
engage local populations
in development projects. Participatory
development has taken a variety of forms
since it emerged in the 1970s, when it was
introduced as an important part of the "basic
needs approach" to development.

12. How to strengthen people’s
participation?
• Farmers have to be put on top of technology transfer
agenda.
• Farmers groups have to be prepared by imparting
basic skills.
• Farmers to be helped to form SHGs.
• Special efforts to be made to mobilize and organize
women.

13. Critical issues in participatory
development
• Women empowerment
• Local capacity building (institution development)
• Development of local leadership
• Sensitivity to farming values

14. Present programmes/projects for
agricultural development
• Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (2014)
• Deen Dayal Upadayay Grameen Kaushalya Yojana
(2014)
• Soil Health Card Scheme (2015)
• Green Revolution – Krishonnati Yojana (2017)
• Gobar Dhan Scheme (2018-19)