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African slave trade
- 1. The African Slave Trade
- 3. European - African Pre-Slavery Trade
- 10. Slave Trade in the Congo
- 11. Cape Coast Castle, W. Africa
- 12. What role did geography play in the Triangle of Trade?
- 19. As the major European powers of Portugal, Britain, France, and the Netherlands looked for ways to exploit the fertile lands of the New World , they looked to Africa for a steady supply of labor . Soon, African slaves had become absolutely vital to the cultivation of sugar, tobacco, cotton, and rice plantations. As European demand for sugar began to increase, plantations began to spring up throughout Brazil and the Caribbean. Sugar cultivation created a huge demand for slave labor from Africa. Many plantations produced additional crops such as indigo, rice, tobacco, and coffee.
- 25. Triangular Trade
- 27. The Middle Passage Unimaginable Suffering
- 34. First Slave Auction New Amsterdam (Dutch New York City - 17c)
- 35. Europeans began the Atlantic slave trade in the 1500s. Their colonies in the Americas needed labor to work on large plantations. European traders sold enslaved Africans to colonists. Families were split up, and many people died. By the time the slave trade ended in the 1800s, millions of Africans had been taken from their homes. IMPACT ON WEST AFRICA
Editor's Notes
- Slavery was a normal part of Africa’s history dating back before the Pharaohs of Egypt. Remember Moses leading the Jews out of slavery? Slavery was a natural part of African society In West Africa, the system of slavery resembled European feudalism Slaves were used to increase production and population of a region = more power Seen more as a resource, rather than a trade commodity Generally, slaves were well treated While low in hierarchy, active contributor to kingdom or community Some held high positions with significant responsibility Accepted by and lived with non-slaves in family settings
- Portugal began exploring and trading along the African coast hundreds of years before Columbus sailed to the Americas.
- Picture: Cape Coast Castle, W. Africa
- Recognition Network: Use of color and bold text to emphasis main ideas.
- “ Africans became enslaved mainly through four ways: first , criminals sold by the chiefs as punishment; secondly , free Africans obtained from raids by African and a few European gangs; thirdly , domestic slaves resold, and fourthly ; prisoners of war." (Adu Boahen (University of Ghana).
- Illustrations use to show the Brutality of chaining Africans together and marching them to the slave holding cells on the coast—Affective b/c it seeks to evoke an emotional response within students.
- This was a slave holding fort.
- Africans on the West Coast because the destination of the slaves was in the West. Had the European powers built colonies in Asia or Australia that needed slave labor, the slaves would have come from the East Coast region.
- Triangular Trade The triangular trade demonstrates how people were reduced to commodities to be sold. Goods such as metal, cloth, beads and guns went from Britain to Africa, enslaved Africans went to America and the Caribbean, and raw products such as sugar, tobacco and cotton came back to Britain. Show the picture of the sugar nippers. One of the reasons the trade lasted for so long was because it was incredibly profitable. The British appeared to have an insatiable appetite for luxury goods from the Caribbean, especially sugar and this demand fuelled supply. Before the twentieth century, sugar came in cones from which chunks would be nipped off and used to sweeten the bitter taste of coffee, chocolate and tea. What people consumed in one part of the world altered forever the lives of those from other parts of the world.
- Brazilians still speak Portuguese not Spanish.
- With the arrival of the Europeans the demand for slaves in the Americas increased significantly. As disease reduced the native populations in Spanish conquered territories, the Spanish began relying on imported slaves from Africa.
- The British colonies in North America received only 4% of the total slaves from Africa. Brazil and the West Indies- received about 80% combined.
- Why is the population of African Americans higher in the US than it is these other places?
- European products (cloth, firearms) were sent to the coast of Africa for slaves Slaves were carried to the Americas (Middle Passage) Sugar, Tobacco, and other goods were than carried to Europe European products (cloth, firearms) were sent to the coast of Africa for slaves to begin the triangle trade again
- Slaves were taken from the holding forts, Chained together in pairs with leg-irons and carried to the ships. Once aboard they were branded with a red-hot iron, like cattle, to show who owned them and their clothes removed.
- Chained in darkness and filth, seasickness and disease were rife. The heat in the hold could be over 30°c and the slaves would have no access to toilets or washing facilities. So foul was the smell of slave ships that other vessels took care to steer well away from them. In such conditions disease spread, and many slaves died.
- Many slave captains were notorious for their cruelty. The actual voyage could take from 6 weeks to three months. It has been estimated that between 9-11 million people were taken from Africa by European traders and landed alive on the other side of the Atlantic. But 1 ½ million Africans are buried in the Atlantic Ocean between Africa and the Americas. It was reported that schools of sharks would follow the ships waiting for their next meal.
- Chained in darkness and filth, seasickness and disease were rife. The heat in the hold could be over 30°c and the slaves would have no access to toilets or washing facilities. So foul was the smell of slave ships that other vessels took care to steer well away from them. In such conditions disease spread, and many slaves died.
- The slave owners wanted big men that could work hard. The ship captains kept bringing them what they wanted. What effect did this have on African Society, culture, and economy?
- Wall street gets its name from the fact that it was here where slaves were put on the block to be sold. Neighboring businesses did not approve of the slave trade convinced the city to build a wall around the street so passerby's would not have to witness what was happening.