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Advanced Subject. fundamental elements of a network.pptx
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- 2. What is Internet? •Internet is a collection of a large number of independent computer networks interconnected using standard protocol TCP/TP(Transfer Control Protocol /Internet Protocol) to serves billions of users. • Internet is a network of networks consisting of thousands of private, public, business, academic, and government networks.
- 3. What is Internet? •The Internet or “net” (network of networks) is the largest network in the world that connects billions of computer users. • Internet is a collection of millions of computers around the world that are all connected to one another. It is a global network of computers. • The word internet comes from combination between “interconnection” and “network”
- 4. Brief History ofInternet • The birth of ARPANET (1969) • TCP/IP and the birth of the internet protocol suite (1970s) • Usenet and email’s development (1980s) • The World Wide Web (1990s) • E-commerce and the dot-com boom (late 1990s)
- 5. Brief History ofInternet • The emergence of Web2 and social media (Early 2000s) • The rise of internet beyond late 2000s • Mobile internet and the app revolution (2010s)
- 6. Vinton Gray Cerf •Father of the Internet • The co-designer of the TCP/IP protocol suites and the architecture of the Internet.
- 7. Robert Elliot Kahn •Inventor of Internet
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- 9. Communication Services Communication isone of the most popular services of the internet. We are using internet-based communication services every day to contact family and friends.
- 10. Communication Services • InstantMessaging • Email • Internet Telephony • Videoconferencing,
- 11. World Wide Web Mostof us think that the Internet and WWW are the same but actually not. Internet is Infrastructure and the Web is just a service provided on the Internet.
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- 13. Web Services There arelots of applications built in various programming languages. Web services provide a common platform that allows multiple applications to communicate with each other whatever programming languages are used for making applications.
- 14. Network Management Services Network managementservices are also one of the important services of the internet which are helpful for network managers. Network management services help in preventing, monitoring, diagnosing, and solving issues related to the network
- 15. Time Services Network TimeProtocol (NTP) is a popular time service on the internet that helps to synchronize and set the computer clock with great precision. Computer clocks are synced to either Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) or Co-ordinated University Time (UTC)
- 16. Usenet News Usenet isknown as the 'User's Network.' It is one of the oldest networks where users can post files to news servers and other members can access it.
- 17. E-commerce E-commerce is Internet-basedbuying and sale of goods and services.
- 18.
- 19. What is Network? •A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources (such as printers and CDs), exchange files, or allow electronic communications. The computers on a network may be linked through cables, telephone lines, radio waves, satellites, or infrared light beams.
- 20. Hardware • The backboneof any network is the hardware that runs it. Network hardware includes network cards, routers or network switches, modems and Ethernet repeaters. Without this hardware, computers have no means of accessing a network.
- 21. Software • In orderfor the hardware to interact with the network, it needs software to issue commands. The primary form of networking software is protocols -- software that instructs network devices on how to connect to the network and how to interact with one another.
- 22. Client Devices • Clientdevices are the computers and mobile devices connected to the network. Client devices are vital components of a network, as without clients requiring access the network is essentially pointless.
- 23. Connection Media • Withoutconnections, a network cannot function. The medium used to connect the nodes of a network varies with the type of network. Wired networks will often use network cables like Category 5 Ethernet cables, while wireless networks make direct connections between devices using radio signals as the medium.
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- 26. Routers • A routercan form a LAN by connecting devices within a building. It also makes it possible to connect different networks together.
- 27. Modem • A modemenables a computer to connect to the internet over a telephone line. A modem converts digital signals from a computer to analogue signals that are then sent down the telephone line.
- 28. Hubs, bridges andswitches • Hubs, bridges and switches allow multiple devices to connect to the router and they transfer data to all devices on a network. A router is a more complex device that usually includes the capability of hubs, bridges and switches.
- 29. Hubs, bridges andswitches • Hubs, bridges and switches allow multiple devices to connect to the router and they transfer data to all devices on a network. A router is a more complex device that usually includes the capability of hubs, bridges and switches.
- 30. Hubs • A hubis the least expensive, least intelligent, and least complicated of the three. • A hub can send or receive information, but it can't do both at the same time. This makes hubs slower than switches. Hubs are the least complex and the least expensive of these devices.
- 31. Bridges • A bridgeis a computer networking device that builds the connection with the other bridge networks which use the same protocol.
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- 33. Switches • Switches workthe same way as hubs, but they can identify the intended destination of the information that they receive, so they send that information to only the computers that are supposed to receive it. Switches can send and receive information at the same time, so they can send information faster than hubs can. • .
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- 36. Wireless access points •Wireless access points (WAPs) are required to connect to a network wirelessly. WAPs are usually built
Editor's Notes
- #2 The Internet is linked to our home area by a broad array of wireless and optical networking technologies. The Internet is a superhighway of information. The Internet's primary focus is to facilitate the sharing of information.
- #3 Interconnected= having all parts connected/link together.. unified Network= system that connects 2 or more computing devices for sharing/transmitting information.
- #4 Arpanet- Advance Reseach Projects Agency Network ARPANET system is the root of Internet Usenet= online forum/discussion flatform= newsgroups www= is a system interconnected public webpages accessible through the internet. The web is not the same as the Internet, Web is one of many application built on top of the internet E-commerce= online business
- #5 Web2= people can publish articles and comments on different platforms,
- #6 ARPANET system is the root of Internet
- #7 ARPANET system is the root of Internet
- #10 Some of the internet communication services are Instant Messaging, Internet Telephony, and VOIP, Email, IRC, Videoconferencing, *Instant Messaging (IM) is a type of online chat that offers text communication over the internet in real-time. Because of its real-time nature, it is continuously becoming one of the fastest-growing forms of internet communication services. There are many instant messengers that are providing instant messaging. Some of them are Facebook, Whatsapp, Skype, hangout,qq, WeChat, etc. *Email stands for Electronic Mail. It is a paperless method of sending messages(text, files, or images) from one person to another or many people at the same time using the internet. *In traditional telephony, we sents phone calls, fax, voicemail over landlines, but in Internet Telephony that stuff are done using the internet.IN internet telephony our voice which is in analog voice gets converted into digital voice (binary form) which gets the transfer over the internet as IP packets from one phone to another. So, here voice packets are transferred over the network. Internet Telephony is also called IP Telephony (IPT) *Video Conferencing is Internet Services where two or more people located in separate geographical locations do live audio-video communication. So, it is real-time conferencing services of the internet.
- #11 WWW is One of the main services of the internet. Infrastructure=foundation Internet is a network of networks and Web is just information present in the network.
- #13 So it acts as a standard medium of a passing message (data) between the client application( made by using android,vue, angular, react or any frontend language in general) and a server application(java,.net, python, etc in general) in World Wide web.
- #15 Greenwich Mean Time is the yearly average (or 'mean') of the time each day when the Sun crosses the Prime Meridian at the Royal Observatory Greenwich.
- #17 Today, almost anything that is available in the market can be purchased through e-commerce.
- #19 Networks are comprised of four basic elements: hardware, software, protocols and the connection medium. All data networks are comprised of these elements, and cannot function without them.
- #20 Networks are comprised of four basic elements: hardware, software, protocols and the connection medium. All data networks are comprised of these elements, and cannot function without them.
- #21 Other examples of networking software include connection monitoring software, networking clients and other tools designed to further facilitate your computer's ability to connect to the network.
- #22 . In order to classify as a client device, a computer or mobile device must be able to connect to the network and utilize it. Depending on the network, client devices may also require specialized software to establish a connection.
- #23 . In order to classify as a client device, a computer or mobile device must be able to connect to the network and utilize it. Depending on the network, client devices may also require specialized software to establish a connection.
- #26 Homes and businesses use a router to connect to the internet. A router can often incorporate a modem within the hardware.
- #27 Homes and businesses use a router to connect to the internet. A router can often incorporate a modem within the hardware.
- #31 . A bridge looks for the receiving device before it sends the message. This means that it will not send a message if the receiving computer is not there. It will check to see if the receiver has already had the message. This can help save unnecessary data transfers, which improves the performance of a network.