The document discusses what the internet is, providing definitions and key points. It states that the internet is a global network of interconnected computer networks that uses TCP/IP protocols to connect billions of users. A brief history of the internet is then provided, highlighting milestones like the development of ARPANET, TCP/IP, the World Wide Web, and social media. Key people in the development of the internet like Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn are acknowledged. Finally, common internet services and fundamental elements of a network like hardware, software, clients and connection media are outlined.

1. INTERNET

2. What is Internet?
• Internet is a collection of a large number of
independent computer networks interconnected
using standard protocol TCP/TP(Transfer Control
Protocol /Internet Protocol) to serves billions of
users.
• Internet is a network of networks consisting of
thousands of private, public, business, academic,
and government networks.

3. What is Internet?
• The Internet or “net” (network of networks) is the
largest network in the world that connects billions
of computer users.
• Internet is a collection of millions of computers
around the world that are all connected to one
another. It is a global network of computers.
• The word internet comes from combination
between “interconnection” and “network”

4. Brief History of Internet
• The birth of ARPANET (1969)
• TCP/IP and the birth of the internet protocol suite
(1970s)
• Usenet and email’s development (1980s)
• The World Wide Web (1990s)
• E-commerce and the dot-com boom (late 1990s)

5. Brief History of Internet
• The emergence of Web2 and social media (Early
2000s)
• The rise of internet beyond late 2000s
• Mobile internet and the app revolution (2010s)

6. Vinton Gray Cerf
• Father of the Internet
• The co-designer of the TCP/IP
protocol suites and the
architecture of the Internet.

7. Robert Elliot Kahn
• Inventor of Internet

8. SERVICES OF
INTERNET
/INTERNET
SERVICES

9. Communication Services
Communication is one of the most
popular services of the internet. We are
using internet-based communication
services every day to contact family and
friends.

10. Communication Services
• Instant Messaging
• Email
• Internet Telephony
• Videoconferencing,

11. World Wide Web
Most of us think that the Internet and
WWW are the same but actually not.
Internet is Infrastructure and the Web is
just a service provided on the Internet.

12. World Wide Web

13. Web Services
There are lots of applications built in
various programming languages. Web
services provide a common platform that
allows multiple applications to
communicate with each other whatever
programming languages are used for
making applications.

14. Network Management Services
Network management services are also
one of the important services of the
internet which are helpful for network
managers. Network management services
help in preventing, monitoring,
diagnosing, and solving issues related to
the network

15. Time Services
Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a popular
time service on the internet that helps to
synchronize and set the
computer clock with great precision.
Computer clocks are synced to either
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) or
Co-ordinated University Time (UTC)

16. Usenet News
Usenet is known as the 'User's Network.'
It is one of the oldest networks where
users can post files to news servers and
other members can access it.

17. E-commerce
E-commerce is Internet-based buying
and sale of goods and services.

18. FOUNDAMENT
AL ELEMENTS
OF A NETWOR

19. What is Network?
• A network consists of two or more computers
that are linked in order to share resources
(such as printers and CDs), exchange files, or
allow electronic communications. The
computers on a network may be linked
through cables, telephone lines, radio waves,
satellites, or infrared light beams.

20. Hardware
• The backbone of any network is the hardware
that runs it. Network hardware includes
network cards, routers or network switches,
modems and Ethernet repeaters. Without this
hardware, computers have no means of
accessing a network.

21. Software
• In order for the hardware to interact with the
network, it needs software to issue commands.
The primary form of networking software is
protocols -- software that instructs network
devices on how to connect to the network and
how to interact with one another.

22. Client Devices
• Client devices are the computers and mobile
devices connected to the network. Client
devices are vital components of a network, as
without clients requiring access the network is
essentially pointless.

23. Connection Media
• Without connections, a network cannot
function. The medium used to connect the
nodes of a network varies with the type of
network. Wired networks will often use
network cables like Category 5 Ethernet
cables, while wireless networks make direct
connections between devices using radio
signals as the medium.

24. Connection Media

25. NETWORKING
HARDWARE

26. Routers
• A router can form a LAN by
connecting devices within a
building. It also makes it
possible to connect different
networks together.

27. Modem
• A modem enables a
computer to connect to the
internet over a telephone
line. A modem converts
digital signals from a
computer to analogue
signals that are then sent
down the telephone line.

28. Hubs, bridges and switches
• Hubs, bridges and switches allow multiple
devices to connect to the router and they
transfer data to all devices on a network. A
router is a more complex device that usually
includes the capability of hubs, bridges and
switches.

29. Hubs, bridges and switches
• Hubs, bridges and switches allow multiple
devices to connect to the router and they
transfer data to all devices on a network. A
router is a more complex device that usually
includes the capability of hubs, bridges and
switches.

30. Hubs
• A hub is the least expensive, least
intelligent, and least complicated of
the three.
• A hub can send or receive
information, but it can't do both at
the same time. This makes hubs
slower than switches. Hubs are the
least complex and the least
expensive of these devices.

31. Bridges
• A bridge is a computer
networking device that builds
the connection with the other
bridge networks which use the
same protocol.

32. Bridges

33. Switches
• Switches work the same way as hubs, but they
can identify the intended destination of the
information that they receive, so they send
that information to only the computers that
are supposed to receive it. Switches can send
and receive information at the same time, so
they can send information faster than hubs
can.
• .

34. Switches

36. Wireless access points
• Wireless access points (WAPs) are required to
connect to a network wirelessly. WAPs are
usually built