Background: Many studies globally had studied employees' perception and its impact on job productivity.
Employees' perception is very crucial in evaluating performance improvement. The researchers in this study
tries to figure out factors that affect employees' performance and find out some solutions for existing problems.
Methods: This Study was conducted in Directorate of Health Affairs in Riyadh Region, KSA. A Simple random
sample was used to distribute 245 questionnaires. Questionnaire consisted of two parts, the study's statements
was measured using used five points Likart scale. The study was conducted from 15th Sep 2014 until 15th Nov
2014.
Results: The analysis of the data indicated that there was an overall satisfaction among employees with a
percentage of (62%). Financial factors were the most unsatisfactory aspects among employees followed by
training opportunities.
Conclusion: This study showed that there should be a full consideration to duties distribution and financial
incentives in addition to developmental initiatives in order to have very devoted employees.
A Career in Hospital Management, Master’s in Hospital Administration (MHA)/MB...Healthcare consultant
ALL labour that uplifts humanity has dignity and importance and should be undertaken with painstaking excellence, said Martin Luther King, Jr. The Master’s in Hospital Administration course is meant for those people who share these sentiments, because job responsibilities range from giving astute guidance in administration to managing the daily affairs of the hospital.
Efficient management can play a role in saving more lives. With the advent of medical tourism and rapid development in technologies the health sector is emerging as one of the fastest growing sectors in India. Several corporates and business organisations have forayed into the healthcare sector, thus resulting in the healthcare delivery system becoming more organised, systematic and efficient. Hence, the healthcare industry needs professionals who can handle these challenges.
Problems Affecting Work Performance of Healthcare Practitioners in Jazan, Kin...iosrjce
This Study Aims To Provide Human Resource Management Framework To Address The Need Of
Improving Delivery Of Leadership And Management Skills To Promote The Quality Of Healthcare Practitioners
In Health Facilities In Jazan, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia.
This Is A Cross-Sectional Study Involving 60 Health Workers And 40 Health Managers In Health Facilities
Operated By Moh. Questionnaire Was Used Supported By Unstructured Interview To Gather Data Which Were
Statistically Treated Through The Percentage And Weighted Mean.
Results Showed That A Typical Healthcare Practitioner In Jazan, Ksa Has A Mean Age Of 31.17 For Health
Workers And 28 For Health Managers; Mostly Females From Asian Countries With Diploma In
Nursing/Midwifery As Educational Qualification. Most Of The Health Workers Are Charge Nurses (41.67%).
Average Years Of Work Experience Are 6.92 Years For The Health Workers And 12.63 Years For The Health
Managers. The Health Workers Showed Agreement On The Utilization Of Performance Appraisal In Their Unit
(Mw=3.66). However, They Were Uncertain On Their Appraisal Regarding Remuneration, Benefits And
Recognition (Mw=3.30) As Well As On Staffing And Work Schedules (Mw=3.01) And Staff Development
(Mw=3.31). Problems Affecting Their Performance Was Generally Moderately Serious (Mw=2.39) But
Shortage Of Staff Specifically Was Very Serious (Mw=3.27). They Perceived The Strategies To Improve And
Maintain Excellent Performance As Moderately Needed (Mw-2.23). Health Managers Were Often Involved In
Management Tasks (Mw=2.89) And They Assessed Their Skills As Good (Mw=3.63).
In Conclusion, Many Of The Healthcare Practitioners Are Dominantly Female Expatriates From Asian
Countries Who Do Not Have The Current Educational Qualification Required In The Job. As A Consequence,
They Encounter Problems In Their Job Ad Management Affecting Their Work Performance. Addressing These
Problems Is Necessary To Improve The Work Performance And Management Skills Of The Healthcare
Practitioners.
A Career in Hospital Management, Master’s in Hospital Administration (MHA)/MB...Healthcare consultant
ALL labour that uplifts humanity has dignity and importance and should be undertaken with painstaking excellence, said Martin Luther King, Jr. The Master’s in Hospital Administration course is meant for those people who share these sentiments, because job responsibilities range from giving astute guidance in administration to managing the daily affairs of the hospital.
Efficient management can play a role in saving more lives. With the advent of medical tourism and rapid development in technologies the health sector is emerging as one of the fastest growing sectors in India. Several corporates and business organisations have forayed into the healthcare sector, thus resulting in the healthcare delivery system becoming more organised, systematic and efficient. Hence, the healthcare industry needs professionals who can handle these challenges.
Problems Affecting Work Performance of Healthcare Practitioners in Jazan, Kin...iosrjce
This Study Aims To Provide Human Resource Management Framework To Address The Need Of
Improving Delivery Of Leadership And Management Skills To Promote The Quality Of Healthcare Practitioners
In Health Facilities In Jazan, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia.
This Is A Cross-Sectional Study Involving 60 Health Workers And 40 Health Managers In Health Facilities
Operated By Moh. Questionnaire Was Used Supported By Unstructured Interview To Gather Data Which Were
Statistically Treated Through The Percentage And Weighted Mean.
Results Showed That A Typical Healthcare Practitioner In Jazan, Ksa Has A Mean Age Of 31.17 For Health
Workers And 28 For Health Managers; Mostly Females From Asian Countries With Diploma In
Nursing/Midwifery As Educational Qualification. Most Of The Health Workers Are Charge Nurses (41.67%).
Average Years Of Work Experience Are 6.92 Years For The Health Workers And 12.63 Years For The Health
Managers. The Health Workers Showed Agreement On The Utilization Of Performance Appraisal In Their Unit
(Mw=3.66). However, They Were Uncertain On Their Appraisal Regarding Remuneration, Benefits And
Recognition (Mw=3.30) As Well As On Staffing And Work Schedules (Mw=3.01) And Staff Development
(Mw=3.31). Problems Affecting Their Performance Was Generally Moderately Serious (Mw=2.39) But
Shortage Of Staff Specifically Was Very Serious (Mw=3.27). They Perceived The Strategies To Improve And
Maintain Excellent Performance As Moderately Needed (Mw-2.23). Health Managers Were Often Involved In
Management Tasks (Mw=2.89) And They Assessed Their Skills As Good (Mw=3.63).
In Conclusion, Many Of The Healthcare Practitioners Are Dominantly Female Expatriates From Asian
Countries Who Do Not Have The Current Educational Qualification Required In The Job. As A Consequence,
They Encounter Problems In Their Job Ad Management Affecting Their Work Performance. Addressing These
Problems Is Necessary To Improve The Work Performance And Management Skills Of The Healthcare
Practitioners.
Trends shaping corporate health in the workplaceApollo Hospitals
The paradigm for corporate health is morphing from traditional curative services to health protection and promotion. An epidemic of “lifestyle diseases” has developed in the India which warrants an organized integration of company's health, safety and environment policy through a directed wellness program. The current study explored the burden and determinants of lifestyle diseases among an organization.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERVICE HEALTH QUALITY AND PATIENT SATISFACTION – A CASE ...IAEME Publication
Satisfaction is a comparison between the perceptions of services received with expectations, while the quality of health services is act or services provided by one party to another in form of care or provision of health facilities. Health resources are one contributing factor in provision of qualified health care, which is expected to improve public health. Aspects of provided services quality will affect patient satisfaction. If their expectations are met, it means that service has provided good quality and will also lead to high satisfaction. This study aims to determine the relationship of health services quality and satisfaction level in people of North Mamuju. Analytic observational research with cross-sectional study design, population of the entire community of North Mamuju regency and research subjects were aged >18 years. The results showed significant value in registration 0.010 and physicians 0.007, implying registration and physicians have significant effect on customer satisfaction. The conclusions of this study indicate that the registration, doctors, nurses, pharmaceutical, environmental and hospital / clinic variables collectively have positive effect on customer satisfaction
This is a presentation on the Health care and hospital management.The topic cover on this presentation is Introduction of health, Health Care provider, Components of healthcare delivery system, Levels of health care, Rural Health care system in India, Hospital management system, Type, Introduction of automation management, Problem definition, Advantages of computerized hospital management system, Requirement specification, User interface, Screen shorts of software etc.
NATIONAL INITIATIVE FOR ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES
A STUDY TO AUGMENT THE CAPACITY AND QUALITY OF ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSIONALS IN INDIA
From ‘Paramedics’ to Allied Health Professionals: Landscaping the Journey and Way Forward - 2012
The report commissioned by the MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE - Government of India
Role of accreditation on sustainability of hospitalsLallu Joseph
Accreditation with NABH, JCI etc and its impact on the sustainability of hospitals, India. Sustainability of hospitals is a major challenge and this presentation deals with the various challenges faced by hospitals and the impact of accreditation on the challenges.
Decision Making Behaviour Related to Wife’s Reproductive Health in Bidayuh Me...iosrjce
The purpose of this study was to explore factors influencing Bidayuh men’s decision making of their
wives’ reproductive health. Twelve married Bidayuh men aged 24-50 years who resided in rural villages in the
Kuching Division, Sarawak were interviewed face-to-face. Each in-depth interview was recorded, manually
transcribed and translated into themes. Perceptions on the duties or responsibilities as husband or head of
family, immediacy of problems faced, as well as personal, financial and experiential considerations were
reported as determining factors in their decision making. The decisions related to financial and marital
problems including the use of family planning will be made by the husband. Men relied heavily on experience
before making a decision. For complicated health issues, most of their decisions depended on the doctor’s
opinion. Cultural influences do play an important role as the views of the elders were still taken into account.
Men should be made partners in improving maternal health. Rural men’s involvement in women’s healthcare
should be promoted through a more rational and effective decision making. This can be done by providing the
right information and support for men
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Trends shaping corporate health in the workplaceApollo Hospitals
The paradigm for corporate health is morphing from traditional curative services to health protection and promotion. An epidemic of “lifestyle diseases” has developed in the India which warrants an organized integration of company's health, safety and environment policy through a directed wellness program. The current study explored the burden and determinants of lifestyle diseases among an organization.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERVICE HEALTH QUALITY AND PATIENT SATISFACTION – A CASE ...IAEME Publication
Satisfaction is a comparison between the perceptions of services received with expectations, while the quality of health services is act or services provided by one party to another in form of care or provision of health facilities. Health resources are one contributing factor in provision of qualified health care, which is expected to improve public health. Aspects of provided services quality will affect patient satisfaction. If their expectations are met, it means that service has provided good quality and will also lead to high satisfaction. This study aims to determine the relationship of health services quality and satisfaction level in people of North Mamuju. Analytic observational research with cross-sectional study design, population of the entire community of North Mamuju regency and research subjects were aged >18 years. The results showed significant value in registration 0.010 and physicians 0.007, implying registration and physicians have significant effect on customer satisfaction. The conclusions of this study indicate that the registration, doctors, nurses, pharmaceutical, environmental and hospital / clinic variables collectively have positive effect on customer satisfaction
This is a presentation on the Health care and hospital management.The topic cover on this presentation is Introduction of health, Health Care provider, Components of healthcare delivery system, Levels of health care, Rural Health care system in India, Hospital management system, Type, Introduction of automation management, Problem definition, Advantages of computerized hospital management system, Requirement specification, User interface, Screen shorts of software etc.
NATIONAL INITIATIVE FOR ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES
A STUDY TO AUGMENT THE CAPACITY AND QUALITY OF ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSIONALS IN INDIA
From ‘Paramedics’ to Allied Health Professionals: Landscaping the Journey and Way Forward - 2012
The report commissioned by the MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE - Government of India
Role of accreditation on sustainability of hospitalsLallu Joseph
Accreditation with NABH, JCI etc and its impact on the sustainability of hospitals, India. Sustainability of hospitals is a major challenge and this presentation deals with the various challenges faced by hospitals and the impact of accreditation on the challenges.
Decision Making Behaviour Related to Wife’s Reproductive Health in Bidayuh Me...iosrjce
The purpose of this study was to explore factors influencing Bidayuh men’s decision making of their
wives’ reproductive health. Twelve married Bidayuh men aged 24-50 years who resided in rural villages in the
Kuching Division, Sarawak were interviewed face-to-face. Each in-depth interview was recorded, manually
transcribed and translated into themes. Perceptions on the duties or responsibilities as husband or head of
family, immediacy of problems faced, as well as personal, financial and experiential considerations were
reported as determining factors in their decision making. The decisions related to financial and marital
problems including the use of family planning will be made by the husband. Men relied heavily on experience
before making a decision. For complicated health issues, most of their decisions depended on the doctor’s
opinion. Cultural influences do play an important role as the views of the elders were still taken into account.
Men should be made partners in improving maternal health. Rural men’s involvement in women’s healthcare
should be promoted through a more rational and effective decision making. This can be done by providing the
right information and support for men
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Object-Oriented Approach of Information Extraction from High Resolution Satel...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A Review on Quality Assurance of Component- Based Software Systemiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A review of Hierarchical energy Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networkiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
The Effects of Cement Dust on Haematological Parameters of Cement Workers in ...iosrjce
The effect of cement dust on exposed workers was conducted in Asaba Delta state Nigeria, to
delineate the occupational hazards posed by cement dust on haematological parameters. The assessment of
haematological parameters was performed in forty workers occupationally exposed to cement dust and forty
matched unexposed control. The accepted level of significance was p< 0.05. The results show that the
erythrocyte sedimentation count, haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume were not significantly
different between the exposed and the control (p> 0.05). There was a significantly lower platelet count,
lymphocytes and total white blood cell count in the exposed workers relative to the control (p< 0.05). Apart from
the white blood cell count, the number of years of exposure did not significantly affect the other parameters.
The results from this study has shown that occupational exposure to cement dust has significant effects on some
haematological parameters while years of exposure was not a significant factor on the haematological
parameters of cement depot workers
The Grouping of Files in Allocation of Job Using Server Scheduling In Load Ba...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
“Software Theft Detection for JavaScript programs based on dynamic birthmark ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Face expressions, facial features, kinect sensor, face tracking SDK, neural n...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self-Medication among Medical Studentsiosrjce
Self-medication is a common practice worldwide and the irrational use of the drugs is a major
cause of concern. Self-medication is an issue with serious global implication. The current study aimed to
determine the Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior of self-medication by medical students. A descriptive crosssectional
study was conducted among medical students currently studying first year to assess knowledge,
attitude and practice regarding self-medication in Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal. Seventy five
students studying in first year were selected for the study using stratified random sampling technique and data
was collected using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. The study finding revealed, the mean age
of 75 enrolled students was 20 years, 65.3% were in the age group of 17-20 years. Most of them were female
(72%). Seventy three point three percent belong to urban area. Prevalence rate of self-medication of one year
period seems high i.e. 84% and 68.25% in were females. The most common sources of information used by the
respondent were pharmacist (60.31%) and text book (46.03%). More than half of the respondent found to have
a good knowledge about self-medication regarding definition, adverse effect and different types of drug. The
attitude was positive towards self-medication and favored self-medication saying that it was acceptable. The
principal morbidities for seeking self-medication include cold and cough as reported by 85.7% followed by pain
76.2%, fever 73%, diarrhea 47.6% and dysmenorrheal 46%. Drugs / drugs group commonly used for selfmedication
included analgesics 75.8%, and anta-acids 53.2% and antipyretic 46.3%. Among reasons for
seeking self-medication, 79.2% felt that their illness was minor while 61.9% preferred as it is due to previous
experience. This study shows that self-medication is widely practiced among first year students of this medical
institution. There is dire need to make them aware about the pros and cons of self-medication in order to ensure
safe usage of drugs.
Copyright protection scheme based on visual Cryptography: A Reviewiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
KURCS: Key Updating for Removing & replacement of Compromised Sensor Nodes fr...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Empirical Coding for Curvature Based Linear Representation in Image Retrieval...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Ozone Formation Potential of Oxygenated Hydrocarbons: Phasing-in of Gasohol i...iosrjce
The levels of ozone formation potentialfor four oxygenated hydrocarbons, namely formaldehyde,
acetaldehyde, acrolein and propionaldehyde, were estimated using photochemical ozone creation potential
indices. During the transformation period for the enforcement of gasohol cleaner fuels in Bangkok from 2008
to 2013, the average OFPs of formaldehyde were the foremost levels (480.54/509.16; pre-/post-enforcement;
µg.m-3
), followed by acetaldehyde OFPs (302.82/289.03), propionaldehyde OFPs (48.86/43.53) and acrolein
OFPs (30.38/33.20) subsequently. The Mann-Whitney U-test was conducted to determine the significance of
gasohol on the quantities of the four carbonyl OFPs and atmospheric ozone. The results suggested that the
maximum ozone concentrations (135.53/160.42;µg.m-3
) for Bangkok and its vicinity areas were significantly
increased after the compliance of gasohol fuels, whereas the OFP levels of four carbonyl compounds were
statistically insignificant (p< 0.05, 2-tailed).
North Coastal Zone Management of the Adriatic Sea and the Measures Taken To P...iosrjce
The North Coast lies from the jaws of Buna to cape Rodon. This area includes 66.4km or ¼ of the
Adriatic coastline. The coastal zone management study provides recognition and protection of the environment
from the negative phenomena that appear under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the land
and assessment of coastal phenomena in the service of society at both national, regional and local levels. It
should be emphasized that the ocean level rise due to global climate warming is also reflected in the sea. But
what may become offensive in terms of land and in a not too distant future, may include an important area
which is favored by nearly flat surfaces sloping quite gradually. Also problematic are the siesmatic shifts in the
slow tectonic Velipoje area which is in the northern part of the field of Lezha, and less Mates coast. One of the
most serious shortcomings of the North Coast area is the environmental management or rather the lack of it. In
this paper we will try to address the problems of this area in the context of tourism and relevant measures for
better management and to protect it from the erosion phenomenon
Touchless Palmprint Verification using Shock Filter, SIFT, I-RANSAC, and LPD iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Influence of Micronutrient Deficiency on the Prevalence of Respiratory Diseas...iosrjce
The study entitled “Influence of micronutrient deficiency on the prevalence of respiratory diseases
among children 6-12 years” was conducted to assess the nutritional status of the children. Majority of the socio
economic variables such as age, area of residence, family income are found to have an impact on the nutritional
status of the children with respiratory diseases.
Method: In this study anthropometric, bio-chemical, clinical and nutritional assessment was done for 100
children with respiratory diseases from thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala. The data regarding the socio
economic status, nutritional status and health status were collected using suitably structured schedule. The
nutrient intake was assessed by 24 hour recall method. The hemoglobin levels and calcium levels of the
subsamples were analyzed biochemically. The results were statistically analyzed.
Result: Nutritional anthropometry of the children with respiratory diseases indicates that 77% of the children
were underweight. The biochemical analysis of blood samples indicates that 75% were having iron deficiency
anemia. Mean nutrient intake of both male and female children with respiratory diseases indicates that both of
them are deficient in all nutrient s consumption with respect to RDA.The statistical analysis by t-test reveals that
for males fat consumption and riboflavin consumption were significant at 0.01 levels. For the females it was
found that t-test analysis shows protein, fat, iron, vitamin C and riboflavin consumption were significant at 0.01
levels.
An Empirical Study on Patient Delight and the Impact of Human and Non-Human F...IOSR Journals
Health, one of the Fundamental Human Rights has been accepted in the Indian Constitution. Today the healthcare industry has emerged as one of the most challenging sectors as well as one of the largest service sector industries in India. Patient perceived service quality become the prominent aspect to choose between hospitals. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate patient perceived service quality in Indian hospitals. Further the impact of the dimensions on patient satisfaction and patient delight is examined. A questionnaire was administered to the in-patients and multiple regression analysis has been used to examine the impact of the dimensions on patient satisfaction and patient delight. Findings emphasize eight distinct dimensions of patient perceived service quality and the impact on patient satisfaction and patient delight. A positive and significant relationship with patient satisfaction and patient delight has been found, except two dimensions. The results of this study are limited, as they are based on Indian hospitals. The contribution of this research paper, incorporate patient delight in health care sector. In addition, this paper highlights the importance of emotional attachment for patient satisfaction and patient delight in health care.
Abstract— If job satisfaction is there in employees, work done by these employees is usually of better quality in comparison where the employees are not satisfied with their jobe. So this study to assess job satisfaction and influence of demographic variables on job satisfaction, this study was carried out on 105 doctors of teaching hospitals. Questionnaire method of data collection was adopted. Job satisfaction was measured by six domains: Organizational functioning, Interpersonal relationship, Financial incentives, Non-financial incentives, Physical facilities and Working conditions. Study observed that over all, doctors were moderately satisfied with their job. Domains such as Interpersonal relationship and Working conditions, doctors were highly satisfied, whereas rest of the domains: Organizational functioning, Financial incentives, Non-financial incentives, and Physical facilities doctors were moderately satisfied. It is important to note that even though overall satisfaction is moderate, there were few components, where doctors were highly satisfied were - Communication system between patients and doctors, Involvement in decision making in the department, Rules and regulations of the institution, relationship between the department colleagues and other department colleagues, Provision for leave encashment, reward given for research work, workload of clinical aspect and workload of teaching aspect. Age and sex both shown significant association on level of satisfaction where as experience, designation and marital status of the doctors have not shown significant association.
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RESEARCH ARTICLE Open AccessImproving patient safety cultu.docxrgladys1
RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access
Improving patient safety culture in Saudi
Arabia (2012–2015): trending, improvement
and benchmarking
Khalid Alswat1, Rawia Ahmad Mustafa Abdalla2, Maher Abdelraheim Titi1, Maram Bakash1, Faiza Mehmood1,
Beena Zubairi1, Diana Jamal2 and Fadi El-Jardali2,3*
Abstract
Background: Measuring patient safety culture can provide insight into areas for improvement and help monitor
changes over time. This study details the findings of a re-assessment of patient safety culture in a multi-site Medical
City in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Results were compared to an earlier assessment conducted in 2012
and benchmarked with regional and international studies. Such assessments can provide hospital leadership with
insight on how their hospital is performing on patient safety culture composites as a result of quality improvement
plans. This paper also explored the association between patient safety culture predictors and patient safety grade,
perception of patient safety, frequency of events reported and number of events reported.
Methods: We utilized a customized version of the patient safety culture survey developed by the Agency for
Healthcare Research and Quality. The Medical City is a tertiary care teaching facility composed of two sites (total
capacity of 904 beds). Data was analyzed using SPSS 24 at a significance level of 0.05. A t-Test was used to compare
results from the 2012 survey to that conducted in 2015. Two adopted Generalized Estimating Equations in addition
to two linear models were used to assess the association between composites and patient safety culture outcomes.
Results were also benchmarked against similar initiatives in Lebanon, Palestine and USA.
Results: Areas of strength in 2015 included Teamwork within units, and Organizational Learning—Continuous
Improvement; areas requiring improvement included Non-Punitive Response to Error, and Staffing. Comparing
results to the 2012 survey revealed improvement on some areas but non-punitive response to error and Staffing
remained the lowest scoring composites in 2015. Regression highlighted significant association between managerial
support, organizational learning and feedback and improved survey outcomes. Comparison to international benchmarks
revealed that the hospital is performing at or better than benchmark on several composites.
Conclusion: The Medical City has made significant progress on several of the patient safety culture composites despite
still having areas requiring additional improvement. Patient safety culture outcomes are evidently linked to better
performance on specific composites. While results are comparable with regional and international benchmarks, findings
confirm that regular assessment can allow hospitals to better understand and visualize changes in their performance
and identify additional areas for improvement.
Keywords: Patient safety culture, Riyadh, Trending, Benchmarking
* Correspondence: [email protected]
2Depa.
Total quality management implementation in the healthcare industry: Findings ...Muhsin Halis
The study researches the applied principles to achieve Total Quality Management (TQM) at healthcare institutions. Main elements elaborated in accordance with field specialists and
international standards. These principles, elements, and the associated processes were reflected on the healthcare industry and the specific requirements of its operations,
management, and customers. In order to apply the literature study into the field, a case study of the healthcare industry in Libya is adopted. The research method was to survey hospital
staff from all levels and in several institutions about the basic principles of TQM at their workplace. The participants were also asked about the work methods, their awareness about
the importance of TQM, the usage of modern technology by their institutions, utilization of resources, and the problems that may hinder the implementation of TQM the hospitals. The analysis of the survey indicated that the implementation of quality at Libyan hospitals is estimated at 33.6% with a significant lack of awareness about quality. A set of recommendation is then provided for hospital leadership for study and implementation.
A SURVEY ON FACTORS INFLUENCING QUALITY MANAGEMENT WITH REFERENCE TO NURSING ...IAEME Publication
The present study consists of following to analyse the impact of Institutional profile and care information provided to them on quality management. The research design is descriptive in nature. Primary data is collected with the help of structured questionnaire. The validity of research is based only on the data collected for the study. The present research is based on primary as well as secondary data. Simple random sampling method was used in selecting the respondents. The sample size is chosen for data collection of 150 respondents in quality management with reference to nursing services.
A STUDY ON PATIENT SATISFACTION TOWARDS THE QUALITY OF SERVICES OFFERED IN GO...IAEME Publication
According to the hospital industry, service quality and patient satisfaction are crucial concepts. The majority of people in India, particularly the poor, struggle to find high-quality healthcare at a price they can afford and a location they can go to. In order to comprehend the effects of individual dimensions and the degree to which people are satisfied with the services provided by government hospitals in the Madurai district, this study has been done. The entire nation is undergoing a demographic and environmental shift that is increasing the burden of disease. The medical equipment and services offered by government hospitals are essential. Patients who have visited government hospitals in the Madurai district provided the data that was used. A study was conducted to gauge patient happiness, and the results show that there is still much room for improvement in the service quality. The study found that responsiveness, along with empathy and reliability, is the most crucial quality component.
Communication is an integral component to project management, but LynellBull52
Communication is an integral component to project management, but your team at work is having problems, and your manager has noticed. The team cannot agree on several components of the communication plan, like what should be communicated and the frequency of the communication. To solve this problem, your manager has asked you to create a formal project communication plan. Make sure you include the following components:
1. Communication goals/approach
2. Identification and description of all types of project stakeholders.
3. Communication methods
4. Listing of required communications (by project phase)
All assignments should be completed in a Word document using correct APA formatting (Headers, one-inch margins, and double spacing, title page and Reference page, etc.). Please complete the essay in a Microsoft Word document. Essays that are pasted into the Assignments area will not be accepted. Your essay response requires a minimum of 2 sources. Points will be deducted for incorrect grammar, punctuation, and spelling errors.
THIS IS WORTH 85 POINTS PLEASE
6
Ethics and Decision-Making in the VA Healthcare System
Marina Perez
Purdue Global University
HS450M5
July 18, 2021
Ethics and Decision-Making in the VA Healthcare System
1. From a leadership perspective, analyze the problems at the VA relative to ethical decision-making practices.
Based on the case study, the failure and shortage of caregiving evident in the Veteran Health Management might not be addressed by increasing various resources, including recruiting more nurses and new physicians. Ideally, there must be accessibility to money which would only be applicable after solving the problems aligned with ethical and cultural issues in the Veteran affairs' health administration. The leadership management available at the VAs does not guarantee responsiveness (D'Agostino, 2016). As a result, the leaders have incompetent management and communication strategies with their patients and staff. The entire organization does not have integrity, responsibility, and ethics because the administration puts more emphasis on performance and accountability measures. For instance, one of the key VA necessities required physicians to attend to patients in 14 days. Thus, such a requirement made the timeline one of the primary quality performance policies (Slade, 2017). Nonetheless, such a timeline could not be met accordingly. As a result, the caregivers decided to bribe local administrations, leaders, and managers to minimize the waiting period and falsifying patient records to deceive that it was accomplished.
Some claims attributable to manipulated patient wait time and patient deaths because of poor scheduling practices were reported. According to an investigation conducted in 2014 on the Phoenix VA Healthcare Center, numerous unsuitable scheduling practices were used in the facility. Such inappropriate practices resulted when the VA staff failed to comply with the Veteran Hea ...
An Overview of Patient Satisfaction and Perceived Care of Qualityijtsrd
This paper aims to audit the patient satisfaction literature, precisely survey methods used, which fundamentally analyses its hypothesis and use at that point to introduce proof for perceived service quality as a discrete and further advanced construct. Findings Patient satisfaction has been widely reviewed and significant efforts have gone into creating survey instruments to estimate it. Although, most surveys have been critical of its utilization, since there is seldomly any hypothetical or calculated development of the patient satisfaction theory. The construct has little normalization, low accuracy and undetermined validity. It keeps on being utilized interchangeably with, and as an intermediary for, perceived health service quality, which is a conceptually extraordinary and predominant construct. Practical Implications The persistent utilization of patient satisfaction to assess the patients perception of the quality of a healthcare service is truly flawed. The way to settling this dilemma might be for the healthcare division to concentrate on perceived healthcare service quality by considering the particular theories and models that can be found in the administrations advertising literature. This literature offers further developed consumer theories which are preferred differentiated and tried over existing healthcare satisfaction models. Conclusion This paper brings up that there is a critical requirement for differentiation and normalization of patient satisfaction and healthcare service quality definitions and constructs, and argues for examination to concentrate on estimating perceived healthcare service quality. Shubham Chaurasia | Shivani Dadwal Salaria | Rakhi Ahuja | Amit Sharma "An Overview of Patient Satisfaction and Perceived Care of Quality" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31548.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/public-sector-management/31548/an-overview-of-patient-satisfaction-and-perceived-care-of-quality/shubham-chaurasia
A study on patient satisfaction with special reference to government hospital...Tapasya123
In this study researchers analyse the satisfaction level of patients regard to facilities
available in government hospitals. A sample of 100 patients is taken from Pandit Brij
Sundar Shama Government General Hospital (GGH) at Bundi District in the state
of Rajasthan in India. Four dimensions of perceived quality were identified—Admission
Procedure, Diagnostic Services, Behaviour of the staff, Cleanliness. The developed
scale is used to evaluate perceived quality at a range of various types of facilities
for patients. Perceived quality at public facilities is only marginally favourable, leaving
much scope for improvement. Better staff and physician relations, interpersonal skills,
good diagnostic and cleanliness service can improve the level of satisfaction among
employees.
Keywords:
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Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
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Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
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Administrative Employees' Perception at Directorate of Health Affairs, Ministry of Health in Riyadh Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
1. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS)
e-ISSN: 2320–1959.p- ISSN: 2320–1940 Volume 4, Issue 1 Ver. I (Jan.-Feb. 2015), PP 01-09
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/1959-04110109 www.iosrjournals.org 1 | Page
Administrative Employees' Perception at Directorate of Health
Affairs, Ministry of Health in Riyadh Region, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia
Abdullah Helan Alanazi, Sami Alhabib Ph.D.
Department of Health & Hospitals Administration, College of Business Administration/
King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Abstract:
Background: Many studies globally had studied employees' perception and its impact on job productivity.
Employees' perception is very crucial in evaluating performance improvement. The researchers in this study
tries to figure out factors that affect employees' performance and find out some solutions for existing problems.
Methods: This Study was conducted in Directorate of Health Affairs in Riyadh Region, KSA. A Simple random
sample was used to distribute 245 questionnaires. Questionnaire consisted of two parts, the study's statements
was measured using used five points Likart scale. The study was conducted from 15th
Sep 2014 until 15th
Nov
2014.
Results: The analysis of the data indicated that there was an overall satisfaction among employees with a
percentage of (62%). Financial factors were the most unsatisfactory aspects among employees followed by
training opportunities.
Conclusion: This study showed that there should be a full consideration to duties distribution and financial
incentives in addition to developmental initiatives in order to have very devoted employees.
Keywords: Directorate, Perception, Affiliation, Satisfaction.
I. Introduction
Riyadh region is the largest health regions in the Kingdom in terms of geographical size, population
density, and density in various specialist health services; both preventive and curative. There are several modern
hospitals and primary health-care centers throughout Riyadh region. These health care services institutions are
supervised by Riyadh Directorate General of Health Affairs, Riyadh Directorate has various departments such
as: the primary health care Department, which oversees primary health care centers Inside and outside Riyadh,
hospital management, which oversees the region's hospitals inside and outside Riyadh, and medical licensing
management which oversees work in medicine and pharmacy, and the Directorate General of Health Affairs in
conducts its responsibility in accordance with the terms set by the systems in place and the regulations of the
Ministry of health.
Several evidences that shows that the demand for health care services in our society has increased in
recent years due to population growth, developments in technology and implementation of reforms in the health
care system. Providing better quality, accessible and appropriate health care services to individuals in
accordance with our “Human First” principle has become our main priority. In order to achieve this goal, it is
necessary that our health care personnel, who play a key role in the delivery of health care services, are qualified
and do their jobs with passion, in other words, the members of the health care work force are satisfied with their
jobs.
Even with all infrastructures and resources dedicated to health care sector, still health care worker are
not satisfied with their work environment and health care recipients' are not satisfied with services provided.
Since the health care sector is one of the most important sectors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, this sector and
its workers became researchers' interest. There were many scientific research and studies that considered job
satisfaction as the subject to be studied between now and then because of the different nature of mankind. In
view of the developments in our world, it remains that the topic of job satisfaction is a constant search. Job
satisfaction is defined as a set of psychological factors, functional and environmental conditions that make the
employees satisfied with his work.
Hence the idea that the researchers is conducting a study on job satisfaction and its impact on
Productivity and job performance of workers in the (General Directorate of Health Affairs in Riyadh region). It
is mainly concerned with explaining the case of dissatisfaction among the staff of the Directorate, and linking it
with their productivity and their job performance during working hours, and its reflection on the humanitarian
aspects of the others.
2. Administrative Employees' Perception at Directorate of Health Affairs, Ministry of Health in ….
DOI: 10.9790/1959-04110109 www.iosrjournals.org 2 | Page
Statement of the problem
This study will investigate the perception of the administrative employees at Directorate of Health
Affairs in Riyadh Region. It will take into consideration the perception of psychological affiliation, professional
affiliation, managerial affiliation and financial and social incentives.
Significance of the study
Theoretically: To seek the causes of the unsatisfactory view of administrative employees working in
Directorate of Health Affairs in Riyadh Region.
Practically: This study will help in improving the performance of the administrative health employees in KSA
and shed some lights on some ways to improve their satisfaction.
Study Objectives:
1. To estimate the administrative employees perception about their job psychological affiliation.
2. To estimate the administrative employees perception about their job professional affiliation.
3. To estimate the administrative employees perception about their job managerial affiliation.
4. To estimate the administrative employees perception about financial incentives system.
5. To estimate the administrative employees perception about social communication with fellow colleagues.
Delimitations of the study
Spatial delimitation: Directorate of Health Affairs in Ministry of Health, Riyadh Region. The researchers
chose this facility because of the ease of obtaining information.
Subjective delimitation: Different aspects of affiliation regarding the administrative employees working in the
directorate of health affairs in Riyadh region.
Time delimitation: From September 15, 2014 until November 15, 2014.
II. Literature Review
Various studies investigated the perception of Health Care services employees; both from the
perception of patients and health care employees. Among these studies are:
Iipinge et al (2006) whom they found that financial factors, human resource management issues, and
occupational and macro-environmental issues are considered as both push and retention factors for diverse
health professionals at various levels in both the public and private sectors. The findings of their study showed
that benefits such as: housing assistance, overtime compensation, medical aid, retirement fund, and retirement
benefits are the strengths of the conditions of service in the public sector. Conversely, in the private sector
attractive conditions of service were more connected to salaries and the macro-environment such as recognition
and communication. The shortcomings of conditions of service were linked to salaries and career management
in the public sector, as compared to the lack of fringe compensation only. Another study done by Uganda
Ministry of Health, Makerere University, University of Washington (2007) agreed with the notion of financial
and managerial issues. The study found that the overall satisfaction among Ugandan health workers is not high.
Less than half the respondents said that they were satisfied with their jobs. Satisfaction with salary is
particularly low, and doctors are the least satisfied group. Furthermore, working and living conditions are very
poor, and the workload is judged to be unmanageable. Working conditions are better in the private (non-profit)
sector than in the public sector, but compensation and job security were viewed as superior in the public sector.
A study done by Marwan Ahmed Hwayhi (2008) shared the factors of job security with the Ugandan study. This
study indicated more factors of job satisfaction. The Study moreover indicated some crucial conclusions mainly
the existence of a relatively low level of job security and stability, the quality work environment, the satisfactory
level of relationship between supervisors and subordinates, the fact that the salaries and incentives are not
remunerative, and that the level of fairness is not satisfactory. A study done by Chirdan et al (2009) agreed with
Palestine study concerning workers relationships and the quality of supervision but disagreeing with
unsatisfactory salaries. Chirdan et al (2009) suggested that about half of the respondents felt poorly paid for the
work they did. He also found a high percentage of health employees unsatisfied with their salaries in view of the
fact that a main reason of health worker relocation in Africa is better salary. Non financial factors such as
supervision's quality, interpersonal relationships, availability of equipment and tools to work with, as well as
managerial fairness, support for staff training and welfare has played a very important role in affecting health
workers’ contentment with their work (Chirdan et al, 2009). Another financial issue found in a study done by
Mollahalġloğlu et al (2010). This study showed that additional payment according to the performance comes as
the first issue to be considered. Deduction of additional payment while on leave, big differences between the
3. Administrative Employees' Perception at Directorate of Health Affairs, Ministry of Health in ….
DOI: 10.9790/1959-04110109 www.iosrjournals.org 3 | Page
professions for additional payments and the uncertainties regarding the future of the additional payments are the
main problems identified. It is necessary to review the performance evaluation system by taking the
expectations stated regarding the additional payments and to make the necessary changes. The second highest
issue is the low level of motivation in the personnel. The low level of motivation is mainly related to the
dissatisfaction arising from the wages and supports the above given finding. A recent study done by Khamlub et
al (2011) showed the same concepts related to financial and social issues. Participants were dissatisfied with
salary levels. The highest satisfaction reported was for the freedom to choose the method of working followed
by the amount of variety on the job, amount of responsibility and relationships with co-workers. There were
statistically significant differences in age group, working experience and position. In conclusion, health-care
workers at health centers were generally satisfied with their job except for their salary. The main factors that
correlate with their overall job satisfaction were conflict resolutions at work, relationships with other co-workers
and organizational structure. As in Japan a study done by Ayalew Aklilu ( 2012 ) found more managerial issues
and concluded that (general speaking) perception of health worker towards their institutional structure is poor,
were not pleasant place to work, would not pay competitive salary, as recruitment and hiring policy was not fair,
promotions were not based primarily on performance, staff were not held accountable for getting work done
according to clear performance standard, staff were not adequate and considered competent, would not Values
its employees. Likewise, perception of health worker towards institutional leadership is not good enough.
When the researchers relate all these studies together and apply them to the Saudi health system they
found that some of these issues are applicable. Some studies considered the provision of service in the health
sector which eventually a good indicator for employees' satisfaction. Practically, as satisfied as the employee,
the health services will improve. A study done by Alahmadi (2009) aimed to evaluate the performance of health
services in Saudi Arabia by measuring the relative efficiency of primary health care centers and government
hospitals using the method of analysis of envelope data. The study found that the average relative efficiency of
primary health care centers is (83.5%), which means that primary health care centers in the Kingdom should be
able to provide the same level of output using (83.5%) of the input current or increase the output by (16.5%)
using the same levels of input current if it is working relatively efficiently complete. According to the indicator
of productivity, the number of public areas of the overall efficiency of the full terms of the relative efficiency of
primary health care centers, is an (8) areas of increased (40%). The average relative efficiency of all government
hospitals (89.9%), indicating that these hospitals can reduce the input current by (10.1%) and provide the same
level of services (outputs) or greater service to the beneficiaries, by (10.1%) using the same input levels if the
current operate with relative efficiency and the results showed that the number of areas of the overall efficiency
of the full terms of the relative efficiency of their hospital (10) areas (50%). Based on the results of the study
researcher recommends re-distribution of health resources, and most importantly manpower in primary health
care centers and government hospitals with a view to optimal exploitation of these resources and to conduct
further studies on the reasons for the lack of health facilities and relative efficiency to measure the impact of
external factors on rates of efficiency.
Summary
The researchers found that are common issues connecting most of the studies about job satisfaction.
The most important issue is the financial aspect. Some of the employees are getting less salary than they
deserve. Some of them are being paid the same salary since a long time. Other employees were not promoted
and not benefiting financially. The second important issue is the managerial conflicts whether with employers or
coworkers. A lot of employees in the previous studies indicated some issues related to these aspects. Some of
them even left their jobs because of issues concerning job security and interrelationships.
III. Study Procedures
Research Design:
The researchers used a descriptive method to describe the perception of administrative staff of Directorate of
Health Affairs in Riyadh Region.
Study Population and Sampling: The researchers conducted the study on Administrative Employees working
in Directorate of Health Affairs in Riyadh Region, Riyadh city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; which represent
slightly more than 1000 employees.
Participants: Participants in this study were the Administrative Employees who are working in Directorate of
Health Affairs in Riyadh Region, Riyadh City, King dome of Saudi Arabia. The Employees were selected
randomly.
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DOI: 10.9790/1959-04110109 www.iosrjournals.org 4 | Page
Sampling procedures: Participants were selected through a simple random sample with a number of 245
Employees.
Instrument: Items: The instrument used in this study is a questionnaire form. The questionnaire form consisted
of three parts (1-Demographic and job information. 2- affiliation. 3-Opinion information).
The scale: 5 points Likert scale of two parts as follows: First part: Range from (Yes always to No never).
Second part: Range from (Very Satisfied to Very Disappointed).
Validity and Reliability: Validity: The questionnaire was adopted from Majmaah University (August, 2014).
Reliability: Cronbach's alpha (SPSS) was used to measure the internal consistency reliability of the
questionnaire as follow:
Cronbach's Alpha No. of Items
.909 36
Data collection: The researchers distributed the questionnaire forms by themselves. The time for distributing
the questionnaires took about two months from September 15, 2014 until November 15, 2014. 245
questionnaires were distributed, 242 questionnaires were returned and 3 were incomplete. The response rate was
98%.
Statistical Treatment: The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The analysis was conducted using
Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program, Version 20.
Study Limitation: The study might be affected by the shortage related to study instrument (Questionnaire); if
the researchers conducted an interview they might get different results. Some departments were uncooperative
and some employees were reluctant to participate. The number of female participant was small which might
affect the conclusion about female employees. The researchers should have studied the non Saudi employees
also and find out whether they have the same concerns. The study would produce more generalized conclusions
if was conducted all health directorates over Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
IV. Results
Socio-demographic variables:
Sex Distribution of Sample:
Table ( 1 )
Variables level Frequency %
Male 217 89.7
Female 25 10.3
Total 242 100.0
Table (1) presents the sex distribution of the participants. It can be clearly seen that most of the
participants were from male representing 89.7%.
Qualifications Distribution of Sample:
Table ( 2 )
Variables level Frequency %
Less than high school 13 5.4
High school 36 14.9
Diploma 82 33.9
Bachelors 82 33.9
Higher education 29 12.0
Total 242 100.0
Table (2) presents the qualification distribution of the participants. It can be clearly seen that most of
qualifications were bachelors 33.9% and diploma 33.9%.
Specialty Distribution of Sample:
Table ( 3 )
Variables level Frequency %
Administrative 126 52.1
Heath worker 100 41.3
Other 16 6.6
Total 242 100.0
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Table (3) presents the specialty of the participants. It can be clearly seen that specialty in studying
period was mostly administrative 53.1%.
Age Distribution of Sample:
Table ( 4 )
Variables level Frequency %
20-30 years 59 24.4
>30-40 122 50.4
>40-50 52 21.5
>50 years 9 3.7
Total 242 100.0
Table (4) presents the age distribution of the participants. It can be clearly seen that most of the
participants age was from 30-40 represent 50.4%.
Job Level Distribution of Sample:
Table ( 5 )
Variables level Frequency %
Civil service 126 52.1
Health staff 103 42.6
Hospital operating Programs
(HOP)
13 5.4
Total 242 100.0
Table (5) presents the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. It can be clearly seen that
participants' job level was mostly civil service 52.1
Administrative Employees Perception Results:
Psychological Affiliation:
Table (6)
Q Statement
F Approval
Mean *
Std.
Dev.% Never Rare Sometimes Often Always
1
I emphasize on the success of
the Directorate.
F 2 4 15 43 178
4.62 .749
% .8 1.7 6.2 17.8 73.6
2
I make sure to draw a bright
picture of the Directorate.
F 4 4 18 49 167
4.53 .836
% 1.7 1.7 7.4 20.2 69
3
I am proud to belong to this for
the Directorate.
F 11 11 40 66 114
4.08 1.107
% 4.5 4.5 16.5 27.3 47.1
4
I am Upset of any criticism
towards the Directorate.
F 27 32 73 51 59
3.34 1.286
% 11.2 13.2 30.2 21.1 24.4
Whole Mean 4.14
We can see from table (6) that the participants vary in responding to the (psychological affiliation) with
the mean range from μ= 4.62 to μ=3.34. The highest mean range was (I emphasize on the success of
the Directorate). On the other hand, the lowest mean was for (I am Upset of any criticism towards the
Directorate). The average mean was 4.14
* Range:
1.00 - 1.80 Never
1.80 - 2.60 Rare
2.60 - 3.40 Sometimes
3.40 - 4.20 Often
4.20 - 5.00 Always
Professional Affiliation:
Table (7)
Q Statement
F Approval
Mean
Std.
Dev.% Never Rare Sometimes Often Always
1
My job develops my personal
confidence.
F 11 7 31 63 130
4.21 1.072
% 4.5 2.9 12.8 26 53.7
2
I feel satisfied with my current
performance.
F 7 4 37 76 118
4.21 .962
% 2.9 1.7 15.3 31.4 48.8
3
I care for my job in order to be
promoted.
F 18 19 29 57 119
3.99 1.266
% 7.4 7.9 12 23.6 49.2
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4
I feel that my job is developing
my professional abilities.
F 12 17 44 67 102
3.95 1.155
% 5 7 18.2 27.7 42.1
5 I chose my own desired job.
F 45 9 31 52 105
3.67 1.512
% 18.6 3.7 12.8 21.5 43.4
6
I feel that my job does not
match my qualifications.
F 82 24 67 33 36
2.66 1.441
% 33.9 9.9 27.7 13.6 14.9
7
I feel that my job is socially
low.
F 112 25 62 19 24
2.25 1.368
% 46.3 10.3 25.6 7.9 9.9
Whole Mean 3.56
We can see from table (7) that the participants vary in responding to the (professional affiliation) with
the mean range from μ= 4.21 to μ=2.25. The highest mean range was (My job develops my personal
confidence). On the other hand, the lowest mean was for (I feel that my job is socially low).The average mean
was 3.56
Managerial Affiliation:
Table (8)
Q Statement
F Approval
Mean
Std.
Dev.% Never Rare Sometimes Often Always
1 My manager cares for my needs.
F 19 22 50 77 74
3.68 1.220
% 7.9 9.1 20.7 31.8 30.6
2
I noticed that procedures are
complicated in the directorate.
F 20 38 84 51 49
3.29 1.195
% 8.3 15.7 34.7 21.1 20.2
3
My superior cares for my
suggestions and developmental
ideas.
F 22 40 76 55 49
3.29 1.221
% 9.1 16.5 31.4 22.7 20.2
4
I feel that administrative services
provided for me are satisfactory.
F 28 42 94 51 27
3.03 1.139
% 11.6 17.4 38.8 21.1 11.2
5 It is easy to meet my superiors.
F 32 54 72 52 32
2.99 1.226
% 13.2 22.3 29.8 21.5 13.2
6
Superiors listen to employee's
opinions and complaints.
F 38 54 69 56 25
2.90 1.222
% 15.7 22.3 28.5 23.1 10.3
7
The directorate seeks to fulfill the
employee’s needs.
F 33 60 81 48 20
2.84 1.142
% 13.6 24.8 33.5 19.8 8.3
8
The directorate gives me a lot of
facilitations.
F 36 57 81 47 21
2.83 1.162
% 14.9 23.6 33.5 19.4 8.7
9
I feel that procedures in the
directorate are clear.
F 47 42 94 36 23
2.78 1.198
% 19.4 17.4 38.8 14.9 9.5
Whole Mean 3.07
We can see from table (8) that the participants vary in responding to the (managerial affiliation) with
the mean range from μ= 3.68 to μ=2.78. The highest mean range was (My manager cares for my needs).On the
other hand, the lowest mean was for (I feel that procedures in the directorate are clear). The average mean was
3.07
Managerial System:
Table (9)
Q Statement
F Approval
Mean *
Std.
Dev.%
Strongly
unsatisfied
Unsatisfied Neutral Satisfied
Strongly
satisfied
1
The supervision of your
manger towards your
performance.
F 6 11 47 98 80
3.97 .966
% 2.5 4.5 19.4 40.5 33.1
2 Job attendance system.
F 6 17 48 89 82
3.93 1.020
% 2.5 7 19.8 36.8 33.9
3
The level of workflow in my
section.
F 6 15 42 108 71
3.92 .967
% 2.5 6.2 17.4 44.6 29.3
4
Your current work compared
with your previous
experience.
F 6 26 46 100 64
3.79 1.032
% 2.5 10.7 19 41.3 26.4
5
Justice in the distribution of
work load.
F 17 33 62 75 55
3.49 1.185
% 7 13.6 25.6 31 22.7
6
Training opportunities
provided to you.
F 47 58 49 48 40
2.90 1.369
% 19.4 24 20.2 19.8 16.5
Whole Mean 3.67
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We can see from table (8) that the participants vary in responding to the (managerial system) with the
mean range from μ= 3.97 to μ=2.90. The highest mean range was (The supervision of your manger towards your
performance).On the other hand, the lowest mean was for (Training opportunities provided to you).The average
mean was 3.67
Financial Incentives System:
Table (10)
Q Statement
F Approval
Mean
Std.
Dev.%
Strongly
unsatisfied
Unsatisfied Neutral Satisfied
Strongly
satisfied
1 Gratitude from your manager.
F 7 23 37 89 86
3.93 1.071
% 2.9 9.5 15.3 36.8 35.5
2 Promotion procedures.
F 23 39 48 75 57
3.43 1.271
% 9.5 16.1 19.8 31 23.6
3
The amount of your salary
compared to the size of your
work load.
F 33 44 44 80 41
3.21 1.302
% 13.6 18.2 18.2 33.1 16.9
4
The distribution of financial
awards.
F 65 45 64 45 23
2.65 1.309
% 26.9 18.6 26.4 18.6 9.5
5 The distribution of overtime.
F 91 43 58 30 20
2.36 1.317
% 37.6 17.8 24 12.4 8.3
Whole Mean 3.12
We can see from table (9) that the participants vary in responding to the (financial incentives system)
with the mean range from μ= 3.93 to μ=2.36. The highest mean range was (Gratitude from your manager). On
the other hand, the lowest mean was for (The distribution of overtime). The average mean was 3.12
Communication with Fellow Colleagues:
Table (11)
Q Statement
F Approval
Mean
Std.
Dev.%
Strongly
unsatisfied
Unsatisfied Neutral Satisfied
Strongly
satisfied
1
Your relationship with your
colleagues.
F 2 1 4 58 177
4.68 .613
% .8 .4 1.7 24 73.1
2
The assistance of your
colleagues when having work
load.
F 2 6 16 98 120
4.36 .782
% .8 2.5 6.6 40.5 49.6
3
The manger values me when
having work load.
F 10 9 40 83 100
4.05 1.049
% 4.1 3.7 16.5 34.3 41.3
4
Having the opportunity to
participate in activities.
F 22 30 63 74 53
3.44 1.218
% 9.1 12.4 26 30.6 21.9
Whole Mean 4.13
We can see from table (10) that the participants vary in responding to the (communication with fellow
colleagues) with the mean range from μ= 4.68to μ=3.44. The highest mean range was (Your relationship with
your colleagues). On the other hand, the lowest mean was for (Having the opportunity to participate in
activities).The average mean was 4.13.
Overall Job Satisfaction
Table (12)
We can see from table (8) that the participants vary in responding to the (The overall job satisfaction)
45.9% strongly satisfied, 28.9% satisfied, 28.9% of participants reported neutral. 6.6% unsatisfied. 2.5%
strongly satisfied.
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly unsatisfied 6 2.5 2.5 2.5
Unsatisfied 16 6.6 6.6 9.1
Neutral 70 28.9 28.9 38.0
Satisfied 111 45.9 45.9 83.9
Strongly satisfied 39 16.1 16.1 100.0
Total 242 100.0 100.0
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V. Summary, Discussion And Recommandations
Summary:
There are a lot of studies and articles that described Employees Satisfaction in different countries such
as: Japan, Palestine, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Namibia, Uganda, Turkey, Netherlands and Saudi Arabia. This study is
conducted to explore the perception of administrative employees working in The Directorate of Health Affairs
in Riyadh Region. The aim of this study is to seek perception of administrative employees and will help to
improve their performance and give some ideas to improve services in a way that satisfy employees. The
research is a descriptive study. The researchers used questionnaire to collect information. The questionnaire
consisted of two parts each contained five points Likart scale. 245 questionnaires were distributed and the
response rate was 98%. Data were analyzed by SPSS program (version 20).
VI. Discussion
Looking at the results of this study it showed majority of respondents were male in The Directorate of
Health Affairs in Riyadh Region. Qualifications data of the participants showed that most of them are having
higher education degree. Specialty of participants during their study time where administrative and were health
workers that practicing administrative duties which showing uneven distribution of jobs. Participants' age data
showed that most of them were young aged between 30-40 years old which is relevant with having higher
education. The average health worker is not young with mean age 39 years old (Uganda Ministry of Health
2007). The job level data showed that most of participants are civil service workers and near to this percentage
is health staff participants which explains the number of participants having health specialty. There were
statistically significant differences in age group, working experience and position (Iipinge et al 2006).
Educational status, age and position are the factors that determine the perception of health workers towards their
institutional structure while work place and Educational status for institutional leadership (Iipinge et al 2006).
The results of Psychological Affiliation showed that most of participants are satisfied. The majority
agreed on the importance of the Directorate success. Few participants showed no care for the criticism towards
the Directorate.
The results of Professional Affiliation showed that most of participants are satisfied. The majority
agreed that their job develops their personal confidence. Few participants showed that their job is socially low.
Employees were not satisfied with the match between the job and the worker which agrees with the study of
(Uganda Ministry of Health 2007).
The results of Managerial Affiliation showed that most of participants are unsatisfied. The majority
disagreed that their manager cares for their needs. Few participants agreed that procedures in the directorate are
clear. This study disagrees with (Iipinge et al 2006) in Japan which found that the highest satisfaction reported
was for the freedom to choose the method of working followed by the amount of variety on the job.
The results of Managerial System showed that most of participants are satisfied. The majority were
satisfied with the supervision of their manger towards their performance. Few participants were satisfied with
training opportunities provided to them. Support for staff welfare and training; appear to play a significant role
in affecting health workers’ satisfaction with their work (Chirdan et al 2009). Various factors influencing staff
retention and mobility can be distinguished (Marjolein 2006). Health system related factors, such as human
resources policy and planning job satisfaction, influenced by health facility factors, such as working conditions,
management capacity and styles, professional advancement and safety at work (Marjolein 2006).
The results of Financial Incentives System showed that most of participants are unsatisfied. The
majority were satisfied with gratitude from their manager. Few participants were unsatisfied with the
distribution of overtime. Most of the literature of reviewed studies agreed with this point of this study (Khamlub
et al 2011) in JAPAN, (Chirdan et al 2009) in NIGERIA, (Ayalew et al 2012) in ETHIOPIA, (Iipinge 2006) in
NAMIBIA, (MOLLAHALĠLOĞLU 2010) in TURKY, and (Marjolein 2006) in NETHERLANDS.
The results of Communication with Fellow Colleagues showed that most of participants are satisfied.
The majority were satisfied with their relationship with their colleagues. Few participants were satisfied with
having the opportunity to participate in activities. Nonmonetary factors such as interpersonal relationships
appear to play a significant role in affecting health workers’ satisfaction with their work (Chirdan et al 2009).
This study disagrees with (Ayalew et al 2012) that perception of health worker towards their institutional
structure is poor and would not value its employees.
The results of Overall Job Satisfaction showed that most of participants are satisfied with a percentage
of (62%). This study agrees with findings of (Khamlub et al 2011), (Chirdan et al 2009), and (Uganda Ministry
of Health 2007).
VII. Recommendations
More attention should be paid to the professional affiliation of the employees especially matching the
experience and qualification of the employee to the current job. The managerial system must be change in a
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manner that ease procedures and comfort employees. Financial incentives system must be reorganized and there
must be consideration to employees' overtime and financial awards. Moving towards electronic government is a
crucial need if we want to keep up with the global order. Assigning well qualified-experienced managers is very
important in dealing with work flow. Paying more attention to employees training, and giving them the chance
to interact with decision making is crucial. Justice in job duties distribution is affecting some employee's
productivity which must be considered. Giving employees more space to innovate in their job and encouraging
them to be part of the responsibility. Elimination of paperwork and use of technology will improve employees'
performance. Health staff should not have administrative duties in supervisory facilities, and they should
practice their duties in medical facilities.
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