Action research is a systematic, intentional inquiry conducted by teachers within their own classrooms and schools. It aims to solve immediate problems through planned data collection and analysis. For example, if student discipline at a school increases beyond acceptable limits, teachers could study the issue through action research to find a solution. Action research is focused on solving specific local problems in a flexible manner, making it accessible for teachers to conduct without extensive research training. Its findings are not intended to be generalized but rather to improve current practices.

2. it is called action research. It is on the spot study.
Action research is the systematic intentional inquiry
by teachers work about their own school and
classroom.
Here ;
systematic means-ordered ways of gathering and
ordering Data.
Intentional means planned rather than spontaneous.
Sometimes In many schools emerge many kinds of
problem such as, indiscipline, lack of interest of
particular subjects, lack of motivation which require
immediate solution..

3. and action research play a vital role to find out solution of
such kinds of problems.
E.g. if the discipline in some school among students is
increased beyond a limit and this problem is solved by the
teachers of that school by studying it, then this effort will be
called action research.
Definitions of action research:
according to Mouly – ‘ action research is carried out to solve
some specific problem”.
According to Corey – “as the processes through which
practitioners study their problem scientifically in order to
guide, correct and evaluate their decisions and actions”.
According to Sara Blackwell- “ research concern with school
problems carried on by the school personnel to improve
school practices is action research”.

11. Importance of action research;
1. collective problem can be solved by it.
2. the researcher has not to face the problem of sampling in
such research, hence he can understand the problem well.
3. action research focuses on immediate problems and their
solution.
4. the problem is related to teacher’s routine work in such
types of research, hence he take more interest in it.
5. this type of research provides strong system to school.
Limitations of action research;
1. the technique and skill which is required in fundamental
research is not found in action research. Most of the teachers
are B.Ed. And do not possess the required skills and
proficiency for research.

12. Cont….
2. teachers in school are already overloaded and action
research is an additional load on them, hence they are
dedicated to it.
3. relatively, quality is one of the main limitation of action
research. Teachers are generally not researchers hence they
have difficulties in finding meaningful result because it is
flexible and in it the interaction of several variables is
involved.
4. another limitation of its is its inability to generalize the
conclusions.

14. Differences between fundamental and action research
1. the aim of fundamental research is
generalize and search for knowledge. Its findings can
be used to explain similar events. The size of sample is
large. To complete it the more time is required and
analysis of data obtained by it is complex.
On the other hand, the aim of action
research is to improve the present practice, and to
search the solution of some specific problem. It is
limited and analysis of data is not so complex. As
fundamental research have.

15. 2.fundamental research is theoretical while the action
research is applied. The focus of action research is on
immediate solution.
3. action research can be done by any individual related to
educational field, i.e. teacher, principal etc. while
fundamental research can be done by only experts.
4. fundamental research is complex and for it trained
personnel are required. While action research is simple and
located to local problem, thus can be conducted by any
individual. No special training are required.
5. pure research is done under controlled condition, because
its’ aim is to propound general law and generalization.
While in action research this type of condition is not
required.

16. Difference between action research and applied research
generally action research and applied research mutually
create confusion. Both stabilise the result which solve the
problem and make the working smooth.
But there is great difference between two types of
research.
Applied research is more nearer to fundamental research
because both type of research are conducted on large
sample and their results are more wide spread; moreover
they are conducted under controlled condition.

17. On the other hand action research is
confined with in the boundary of school
and class room and not bounded by
formalities.