Action research is a scientific process used to solve practical problems in education. It involves teachers identifying issues in their daily work, defining the problems, collecting evidence, formulating hypotheses to address the causes of problems, testing solutions, evaluating the results, and determining if the problems were solved. The goal is to improve infrastructure, working styles, democratic attitudes, and generate a better learning environment at educational institutions. Key steps include identifying problems, defining them precisely, listing causes, creating action plans, choosing appropriate research designs, testing hypotheses through new teaching methods, evaluating outcomes, and determining if the problems were addressed. Benefits include developing scientific thinking in teachers and potentially raising student achievement and discipline, while disadvantages are that results cannot be widely generalized.

1. Action Research
Research
Research is a process to study the basic problems which contribute to the edifice of human
knowledge. The research process establishes new truth , finds out new facts ,formulates new
theories and suggest new applications. Research is a systematized effort to gain new
knowledge.
P.M cook defines,” research is an honest , exhaustive, intelligent searching for a facts and
their meanings or implication with reference to a given problem. The product or findings of a
given piece of research should be an authentic, verifiable and contribution to knowledge in
the field studied.”
Educational research
It leads to an improvement in teaching administration of a human relation , an increase in
comparative developmental historical knowledge and its philosophical , sociological or
psychological foundation.
Action Research
Action research means a scientific search it is concerned with practical aspects of education.
In it, a scientific search is conducted for the solution of various problems which comes across
the day to day activities of the pupils, teachers, schools and educational officers. These
collect evidence relating to their problems, define and delimit the problem, collect all their
experience for action hypothesis method and explore the reason in action research the
principles are not indoctrinated, but the efforts are made to solve the practical difficulties and
problems scientifically which may change the working system and desired objectives are
achieved
Definition of Action Research

2. Stephen M Corey, ’the process by which practioner attempt to study their
problems scientifically in order to guide, correct and evaluate their decisions and actions in
what a number of people have called action research’
Objectives of Action research
1. To improve the conditions of various infrastructural facilities of an educational institution.
2. To bring excessive in working style of the institution.
3. To develop democratic attitude among students and teachers while understanding and
solving their problems.
4. To rool out the conservative and static environment prevailing in most educational
institutions.
5. To make the educational system capable of generating a healthy environment conducive to
learning
Steps of Action Research
1. Identification of the problem
A teacher should be sensitive towards job related tasks and problems
concerned. Problem should be need based. He must arise from his own experience .It must be
specific and limited in scope.
2. Defining the problem
The next step is to define the problem .It helps him to formulate goals and
pinpoint the problems precisely.
3. Listing probable cause of the problem
After identifying the problem the teacher tries to list probable cause.
4. Formulating action hypothesis

3. This steps brings clarity to solution of problem.
5. Choosing appropriate research design
In this step the investigator choose the appropriate research design
6. Testing action hypothesis
This method is put in to action to test the hypothesis formulated. Here in the suitable
methods are applied and lessons are taught differently
7. Conclusion, suggestion, solution of problem
If the problem of indiscipline reduces then the teacher would have to make changes
in the way he teaches
8. Evaluate the research
The investigator evaluates his research to see if his technique and conclusion are correct.
ADVANTAGES
1. It develop scientific attitude in the teachers.
2. It can raise the achievement level of the pupils.
3. It can solve the problem of in discipline.
4. It can solve problems of delinquency and backwardness.
5. Curriculum can be developed with its help.
DISADVANTAGES
1 .It is very narrow in scope. It is context specific.
2. It has limited contribution since it is local in nature.
3. Results cannot be generalised.
4. Requires creative, talented and enterprising teachers