Acorn Solar provides a comprehensive overview of solar energy, detailing its origins from the sun's fusion reactions, its environmental benefits, and historical developments in solar technology. The document highlights the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of solar panels, particularly for underserved communities lacking electricity. It concludes with information about Acorn Solar's customer-focused approach and transparent practices in promoting solar energy solutions.

1. welcome
to
AcornSolar

2. What is Solar Energy
• Originates with the thermonuclear fusion reactions occurring in
the sun.
• Represents the entire electromagnetic radiation (visible light,
infrared, ultraviolet, x-rays, and radio waves).
• All chemical and radioactive polluting byproducts of the
thermonuclear reactions remain behind on the sun, while only
pure radiant energy reaches the Earth.
• Energy reaching the earth is incredible. By one calculation, 30
days of sunshine striking the Earth have the energy equivalent of
the total of all the planet’s fossil fuels, both used and unused

3. Why Solar?
• It is free.
• It is clean. Environmentally friendly.
• It is infinitely renewable
• It reduces our utility costs.
• We can sell back to utility service provider.
• It increase energy self reliance.
• It is reliable.

4. Solar Cell Background
• 1839 - French physicist A. E. Becquerel first recognized the photovoltaic effect.
• Photo+voltaic = convert light to electricity
• 1883 - first solar cell built, by Charles Fritts, coated semiconductor selenium with an
extremely thin layer of gold to form the junctions.
• 1954 - Bell Laboratories, experimenting with semiconductors, accidentally found that
silicon doped with certain impurities was very sensitive to light. Daryl Chapin, Calvin
Fuller and Gerald Pearson, invented the first practical device for converting sunlight into
useful electrical power. Resulted in the production of the first practical solar cells with a
sunlight energy conversion efficiency of around 6%.
• 1958 - First spacecraft to use solar panels was US satellite Vanguard 1

5. PV Solar for Electricity
• For the 2 billion people without access to electricity, it would be cheaper to install solar
panels than to extend the electrical grid. (The Fund for Renewable Energy Everywhere)
• Providing power for villages in developing countries is a fast-growing market for
photovoltaics. The United Nations estimates that more than 2 million villages worldwide
are without electric power for water supply, refrigeration, lighting, and other basic needs,
and the cost of extending the utility grids is prohibitive, $23,000 to $46,000 per kilometer
in 1988.
• A one kilowatt PV system* each month:
– prevents 150 lbs. of coal from being mined
– prevents 300 lbs. of CO2 from entering the atmosphere
– keeps 105 gallons of water from being consumed
– keeps NO and SO2 from being released into the environment
* in Colorado, or an equivalent system that produces 150 kWh per month

6. Solar Energy

7. Average Sunshine per year

8. Irradiance and current

9. How Solar Cell Works
1. Photons in sunlight hit the
solar panel and are absorbed
by semiconducting materials,
such as silicon.
2. Electrons (negatively charged)
are knocked loose from their
atoms, allowing them to flow
through the material to
produce electricity.
3. An array of solar cells
converts solar energy into a
usable amount of
direct current (DC) electricity.

10. How PV Cell works

11. Solar Cell Efficiency

12. Cell Technology

13. Cost Projection

14. Components of typical Solar PV system

15. Low Yield reasons
Hi
Natural Disaster
PV Module
Inverter
Theft
Cable connection
Severity
Insulation
Tracker Mechanism
Fuse
Operational error Dirt
Low Snow
Low Hi
Likelihood

16. PV System Sizing

17. System Components

18. Basic of Solar PV System Design
Step1
The first step in designing solar PV
system is to find out the total power
consumption. A typical example is
given .

19. Step 2: Optimize
• Optimize your power system demands
• Examine power consumption and reduce it as much as
possible.
• Identify large and variable loads and try to eliminate them or
examine alternative.
• Replace incandescent bulbs with CFL / LED bulbs

20. Step 3: Size the battery
• Decide how much storage you require
• Apply temperature correction
• Depth of discharge-> Deep discharge batteries preferred
• Rated battery capacity
• Battery life
• Battery maintenance

21. Step 4: Sun hours
• Sun hrs depend on –summer, winter, weather
• Solar modules are characterized for 1000W/sq
mtr of solar radiation
• 5 KWh/per day is 5 hrs of 1000W/sq mtr of
daily receipt of radiation
• Decide angle of PV array
• Fixed mountings vs trackers

22. Step 5: Array size
• Daily amp-hr requirement- AH/day
• Sun hrs per day- H/day
• Total amperage required from solar array
• Check the peak amperage of the Selected solar module
• Decide number of modules required in parallel
• Decide number of modules in series based on battery voltage
• Decide total number of modules needed in your array
• Check the nominal power output of modules
• We will know now total power output of the system

23. Schematic – Net metering

24. Why AcornSolar
• Promoters - one energetic young and other highly experienced
• We are technology savvy
• We understand need of the customer
• Our 1st priority is making customer to sync with environment
• We do not want to find ways to compromise the quality and performance of the
installation
• We are transparent with our partners-both customers and vendors.

25. For more info, plz contact
shanbhag@acornsolar.co.in ,
easwar@acornsolar.co.in MOB : 9880-56-
9880/9483-19-5164 WEB :
www.acornsolar.co.in
Thank You !