This document discusses animal genetic resources and the need for a broader concept of access and benefit-sharing. It notes that many multi-functional livestock breeds have been developed by pastoralists and smallholder communities to cope in challenging environments. These animals provide adaptive traits that will be important for climate change adaptation. However, their functionality depends not just on genes but also learned behavior within their social and ecological contexts. Thus, these livestock resources can only be conserved in-situ within these communities, not in gene banks. A wider concept of access and benefit-sharing is needed to create real benefits for pastoralists and livestock keepers in order to ensure the long-term survival of these genetic resources.
The power of indigenous breeds for rural transformation - presentation given ...Dr Ilse Koehler-Rollefson
This presentation summarizes some of the reasons why indigenous livestock breeds are the foundation for sustainable rural development and why devloping countries should not follow the "western path" of increasing production at al costs, by means of imported genetics and animal feed.
Animal breeding for reduced poverty and improved food security in developing ...ILRI
Presented by Karen Marshall at the John Vercoe Memorial Lecture on the Association for Animal Breeding and Genetics (AAABG) Conference, Australia, 28-30 September 2015
The power of indigenous breeds for rural transformation - presentation given ...Dr Ilse Koehler-Rollefson
This presentation summarizes some of the reasons why indigenous livestock breeds are the foundation for sustainable rural development and why devloping countries should not follow the "western path" of increasing production at al costs, by means of imported genetics and animal feed.
Animal breeding for reduced poverty and improved food security in developing ...ILRI
Presented by Karen Marshall at the John Vercoe Memorial Lecture on the Association for Animal Breeding and Genetics (AAABG) Conference, Australia, 28-30 September 2015
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Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Global health and sustainable food security: Why the livestock sectors of dev...ILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the Global Animal Health Conference on Developing Global Animal Health Products to Support Food Security and Sustainability, Arlington, Virginia, 17−18 October 2013
This Thematic Paper is part of a Toolkit for Project Design (Livestock Thematic Papers: Tools for Project Design) which reflects IFAD’s commitment to developing a sustainable livestock sector in which poor farmers and herders might have higher incomes, and better access to assets, services, technologies and markets.
The paper indents to be a practical tool for development practitioners, project designers and policymakers to define appropriate livestock development interventions. It also provides recommendations on critical issues for rural development and also possible responses and actions to encourage the socio-economic empowerment of poor livestock keepers.
[ Originally posted on http://www.cop-ppld.net/cop_knowledge_base ]
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The co-op will be recruiting producers to participate in selling lamb locally. By implementing carcass scanning, this procedure should reduce the excess fat and inconsistent quality which can damage the quality of the brand. Local producers can take advantage of ultrasound technology to improve the overall quality of their flocks, making carcass scanning available and affordable to co-op producers. The outcome should be better meat quality and marketing, leading to profitability and competitiveness.
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For my Capstone Course (Contemporary issues in Organizational Leadership) my group decided to discuss the ethics in regards to medical research and treatment, which has been an ongoing debate in our society.
Maass - Using the 'livestock ladder' to exit poverty CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Global health and sustainable food security: Why the livestock sectors of dev...ILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the Global Animal Health Conference on Developing Global Animal Health Products to Support Food Security and Sustainability, Arlington, Virginia, 17−18 October 2013
This Thematic Paper is part of a Toolkit for Project Design (Livestock Thematic Papers: Tools for Project Design) which reflects IFAD’s commitment to developing a sustainable livestock sector in which poor farmers and herders might have higher incomes, and better access to assets, services, technologies and markets.
The paper indents to be a practical tool for development practitioners, project designers and policymakers to define appropriate livestock development interventions. It also provides recommendations on critical issues for rural development and also possible responses and actions to encourage the socio-economic empowerment of poor livestock keepers.
[ Originally posted on http://www.cop-ppld.net/cop_knowledge_base ]
Northcoast Lamb Co-op Presentation at OEFFA ConferenceLaura DeYoung
To meet demand for direct marketed lamb in the greater, The Northcoast Lamb Co-Op was created with the support of a Sustainable Agricultural Research Education (SARE) grant to implement value based lamb production criteria. The co-op will be using carcass scanning for acceptance of lamb to market (as well as for NSIP EBVs). The goal is to provide consistent, high quality lamb to local restaurants and groceries.
The co-op will be recruiting producers to participate in selling lamb locally. By implementing carcass scanning, this procedure should reduce the excess fat and inconsistent quality which can damage the quality of the brand. Local producers can take advantage of ultrasound technology to improve the overall quality of their flocks, making carcass scanning available and affordable to co-op producers. The outcome should be better meat quality and marketing, leading to profitability and competitiveness.
Scaling up animal source food production to sustainably meet growing demand i...ILRI
Presented by Steve Staal, ILRI, at the Workshop on Aligning the Food Systems for Improved Nutrition in Animal Source Foods, University of California, 13-14 May 2019
The interplay of knowledge and natural resources: Ensuring the health, wealth...ILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the Tropentag 2014 Conference on Bridging the gap between
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Opportunities and constraints in pastoral and agro-pastoral livestock systems...ILRI
Presented by Azaiez Ouled Belgacem, Mounir Louhaichi and Isabelle Baltenweck at the Euro Tier Middle East 2019 Conference, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2-4 September 2019
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Presented by Anandan Samireddypalle, Peter Kulakow (IITA), Graham Thiele (CIP), Iheanacho Okike and Michael Blümmel at the Global Forum for Innovations in Agriculture (Africa), Durban, South Africa, 1-2 December 2015
For my Capstone Course (Contemporary issues in Organizational Leadership) my group decided to discuss the ethics in regards to medical research and treatment, which has been an ongoing debate in our society.
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Part of the Ontario Post Doctoral Fellowship Networking Event, October 6, 2008
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Research Funding
Who Owns the Intellectual Property?
Commercialization Options
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This presentation was used to introduce the concept and rationale of Biocultural Community Protocols (BCPs) to the participants of a training cource held in India and organised by WOTR and LPPS as a LIFE Network activity.
The Uganda pig value chain: Constraints and characteristics of actorsILRI
Poster prepared by Emily Ouma, Michel Dione, Peter Lule, Kristina Roese, Lawrence Mayega, David Kiryabwire, Gideon Nadiope, Natalie Carter and Danilo Pezo for the CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish Gender Working Group Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 14-18 October 2013
Farming of Rabbit, Goat, Sheep, Poultry, Fish and Pig with Production of Feed Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Farming of Rabbit, Goat, Sheep, Poultry, Fish and Pig with Production of Feed (Rabbit Keeping, Wool Production, Health Care for Goats, Poultry Breeding, Poultry Brooding, Broiler Feeds, Sausage, Pork and Pork Products, Feeding of Pigs, Shrimp Feed Management, Fish Processing, Broiler Feeds, Feeding of Sheep)
Pig farming is the raising and breeding of domestic pigs. It is a branch of animal husbandry. Pigs are raised principally as food (e.g. pork, bacon, gammon) and sometimes for their skin.
Pigs are amenable to many different styles of farming. Intensive commercial units, commercial free range enterprises, extensive farming - being allowed to wander around a village, town or city, or tethered in a simple shelter or kept in a pen outside the owner’s house. Historically pigs were kept in small numbers and were closely associated with the residence of the owner, or in the same village or town.
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Presentation by Dr Sikhalazo Dube from ILRI, at the Regional planning meeting on ‘Scaling-Up Climate-Smart Agricultural Solutions for Cereals and Livestock Farmers in Southern Africa – Building partnership for successful implementation’,13–15 September 2016, Johannesburg, South Africa
Farmers must improve their conventional practices for the care and upbringing of livestock as well as, they must utilize the new technologies for the betterment of quality and productivity. Selection of desirable breeds, proper cleanliness and hygiene of both the animals and the handler, and regular check-up by veterinary doctors are the most important steps. There are several farms and their management technique. A breed is a group of animals related by family and similar in most characters such as overall appearance, features, size, configuration, etc. For example, Red Dane, Jersey, Brown Swiss are foreign breeds of cows and Leghorn is an improved breed of chicken. The development of a new variety of plants with desirable characters from the existing ones is called Plant Breeding. We all might have heard of the Green Revolution that was responsible for our country to not only meet the national requirements in food production but also helped even to export it during the 1970s.
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Access and Benefit-sharing of Animal Genetic Resources cgrfa16
1. Access and Benefit-Sharing of Animal
Genetic Resources:
About the need to think out of the box
Ilse Köhler-Rollefson
League for Pastoral Peoples and
Endogenous Livestock Development (LPP)
2. „Two types of breeds/AnGR“
High output of one-product, high
inputs, artificial environment,
calculated diet
Multi-functional, several
products, cope with challenging
environment and variability
3. • For adapting to climate change , for a green
economy, and for mitigating the climate
impact of agriculture, humanity will require
the multi-functional breeds and their adaptive
traits!
• Many of them have been developed by
pastoralists, others – especially poultry and
pig breeds – are the product of indigenous
and smallholder communities
• For adapting to climate change , for a green
economy, and for mitigating the climate
impact of agriculture, humanity will require
the multi-functional breeds and their adaptive
traits!
• Many of them have been developed by
pastoralists, others – especially poultry and
pig breeds – are the product of indigenous
and smallholder communities
4. Pastoralist herds:
Mobile banks of fitness genes –
physiological adaptations to extreme
weather and unconventional feed stuffs
Mobile banks of fitness genes –
physiological adaptations to extreme
weather and unconventional feed stuffs
5. Biological diversity: In Rajasthan camels and goats convert 36
different fodder species into milk, meat, manure and fibre
7. BUT: we can not REDUCE functionality
to genetic traits!
Knowledge of herder Knowledge of animals
8. Feeding behaviour is learned, passed on from one
animal generation to the next (Kraetli, 2008)
Animals can not easily be transferred from one eco-
system to the other
9. Functionality in challenging
environments
• Not just a matter of physiological traits and
instinct, but also of LEARNED BEHAVIOUR!
• Pastoralist herds are LIVING HERITAGE
resources that can not be conserved out of
context and in gene-banks, but ONLY in-situ.
• Not just a matter of physiological traits and
instinct, but also of LEARNED BEHAVIOUR!
• Pastoralist herds are LIVING HERITAGE
resources that can not be conserved out of
context and in gene-banks, but ONLY in-situ.
10. Implications for Access and Benefit-
Sharing
If humanity wants to have ACCESS to these
„resources“ in the future, then they need to
be sustainably managed in their respective
ecological and social contexts.
If humanity wants to have ACCESS to these
„resources“ in the future, then they need to
be sustainably managed in their respective
ecological and social contexts.
11. What is ACCESS with respect to AnGR?
• Access to AnGR is not just about contracts
between specific providers and commercial
users (MTAs)
• Access is about ensuring survival of a pool of
genes long into the future.
• Otherwise we will lose opportunities for
adapting to climate change, as well as for food
production in harsh environments and with
minimal inputs!
• Access to AnGR is not just about contracts
between specific providers and commercial
users (MTAs)
• Access is about ensuring survival of a pool of
genes long into the future.
• Otherwise we will lose opportunities for
adapting to climate change, as well as for food
production in harsh environments and with
minimal inputs!
12. Nagoya Protocol requires governments to
support Community Protocols
Biocultural Community Protocols
document the role of a
community in conserving animal
genetic resources and eco-
systems, contribute to visibility
and awareness.
They are both a document and a
process.
Biocultural Community Protocols
document the role of a
community in conserving animal
genetic resources and eco-
systems, contribute to visibility
and awareness.
They are both a document and a
process.
13. This is an opportunity!
for countries to better understand:
• their animal genetic resources,
• the social contexts in which they exist,
• the threats that they are exposed to,
• thereby laying the foundation for their long-term
participatory conservation.
for countries to better understand:
• their animal genetic resources,
• the social contexts in which they exist,
• the threats that they are exposed to,
• thereby laying the foundation for their long-term
participatory conservation.
14. Community Breeds Country Status
Raika camel, Nari cattle, Boti sheep, Sirohi goat India finalized
Banni Maldhari Banni buffalo India finalized
Rebari and Jatt Kutchi and Kharai camels India finalized
Bargur Hill cattle Bargur Hill Cattle India finalized
Attappady goat
breeders
Attapatty goat India finalized
Pullikulum cattle
breeders
Pullikulum cattle India finalizedPullikulum cattle
breeders
Pullikulum cattle India finalized
Pashtoon Various breeds Pakistan finalized
Samburu Red Maasai sheep Kenya finalized
Golla Ganjam goat India In prep
Kuruba Kuruba shepherding system, incl. Deccani
breed
India In prep
Kangayam cattle
breeders
Kangayam cattle India In prep
Malgaddi Brela camel Pakistan In prep
17. Why?
• Demand for camels as work animals has
reduced – replaced by tractors, trucks and
cars.
• It is not allowed to take camels out of
Rajasthan – so nobody dares/wants to buy.
• There are no income opportunities from
camels. In order to save their own
livelihoods, camel breeders are forced to do
away with their whole herds.
• Demand for camels as work animals has
reduced – replaced by tractors, trucks and
cars.
• It is not allowed to take camels out of
Rajasthan – so nobody dares/wants to buy.
• There are no income opportunities from
camels. In order to save their own
livelihoods, camel breeders are forced to do
away with their whole herds.
www.lpps.org,
www.camelsofrajasthan.com. E-mail
ilse@pastoralpeoples.org, #09660083437
17
18. Camels can not be saved without Rajasthan‘s
unique Raika camel culture. They are the
guardians of the camel!
www.lpps.org,
www.camelsofrajasthan.com. E-mail
ilse@pastoralpeoples.org, #09660083437
18
19. The Raika require economic incentives to continue acting as
guardians. If their livelihoods are ensured, then the camel will be
saved and young people enter the profession.
www.lpps.org,
www.camelsofrajasthan.com. E-mail
ilse@pastoralpeoples.org, #09660083437
19
20. We need to capitalize on the potential of the
camel to produce a range of eco-friendly,
healthy heritage products to generate income
for the Raika
We need to capitalize on the potential of the
camel to produce a range of eco-friendly,
healthy heritage products to generate income
for the Raika
We need to capitalize on the potential of the
camel to produce a range of eco-friendly,
healthy heritage products to generate income
for the Raika
www.lpps.org,
www.camelsofrajasthan.com. E-mail
ilse@pastoralpeoples.org, #09660083437
20
21. A growing global market for camel milk
Premium product for health benefitsUS
Australia IndiaUAE
Retail price per litre
FAO estimates global camel milk market may grow
to $10 billion annually
Rs 1178Rs 2400Rs 300 Rs 600
21
www.lpps.org,
www.camelsofrajasthan.com. E-mail
ilse@pastoralpeoples.org, #09660083437
24. Required Benefits for
Pastoralists/Livestock keeping
comunities
• Grazing Rights
• Value chain development /infrastructure for
local processing
• Marketing
• Veterinary care
• Capacity and Organisation Building
• Grazing Rights
• Value chain development /infrastructure for
local processing
• Marketing
• Veterinary care
• Capacity and Organisation Building
25. Resulting Benefits for Society at large
• Genetic diversity for adaptation to climate
change
• Healthy heritage products
• Provision of ecological services – seed
dispersal, organic fertilizer
• Livelihoods, thriving rural areas
• Genetic diversity for adaptation to climate
change
• Healthy heritage products
• Provision of ecological services – seed
dispersal, organic fertilizer
• Livelihoods, thriving rural areas
26. If we invest in such comprehensive approaches, beyond
Material Transfer Agreements, we will combine:
•Conservation of AnGr with conservation of
ecosystems/biodiversity at large
•Conservation of AnGr with climate change
adaptation
•Conservation of AnGr with rural development
If we invest in such comprehensive approaches, beyond
Material Transfer Agreements, we will combine:
•Conservation of AnGr with conservation of
ecosystems/biodiversity at large
•Conservation of AnGr with climate change
adaptation
•Conservation of AnGr with rural development
Local AnGr are a crucial pivot for the
implementation of SDG 2, and many
others…
27. IF
….we adopt a wider concept of Access and Benefit-
Sharing of animal genetic resources that creates
benefits for the pastoralists and livestock keepers
that have created and steward them!
IF
….we adopt a wider concept of Access and Benefit-
Sharing of animal genetic resources that creates
benefits for the pastoralists and livestock keepers
that have created and steward them!