The Abraj Al Bait towers in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, are a major development aimed at accommodating the millions of pilgrims visiting the Kaaba, featuring a five-star hotel, a large prayer room, a shopping mall, and residential spaces. The complex, known for its towering clock and impressive height, includes luxury amenities and advanced facilities, and has faced construction challenges, including two significant fire incidents. While the building has modernized the city and supports its economy, it has also sparked controversy regarding its height relative to traditional Islamic structures.

1. NAME: ASAD UR REHMAN
TOPIC: ABRAJ AL BAIT TOWER

2. Contents
Introduction: .....................................................................................................................................4
Design and construction: .............................................................................................................5
Feature:............................................................................................................................................5
Technical details:..........................................................................................................................6
The spire: .........................................................................................................................................6
Construction fire incidents: ..............................................................................................................7
Interior Of Al Abraj Tower : ..............................................................................................................9
Luxury Hotel Amenities In Makkah Clock Royal Tower, A Fairmont Hotel: ..............................10
Spa and Fitness: ........................................................................................................................11
Accommodations:.......................................................................................................................12
Dining: ........................................................................................................................................14
Meetings .....................................................................................................................................15
Weddings:...................................................................................................................................15
Social Events:.............................................................................................................................16
Conclusion: ....................................................................................................................................16

3. ABRAJ AL BAIT TOWERS - SAUDI ARABIA

4. Introduction:
The Abraj Al-Bait Towers, also known as the Mecca Royal Hotel Clock Tower, is a
government-owned mega tall building complex in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. These towers
are a part of the King Abdul-Aziz Endowment Project that strives to modernize the city
in catering to its pilgrims. The site of the complex is located across the street to the
south from an entrance to the Masjid al Haram mosque, which houses the Kaaba.
To accommodate worshipers visiting the Kaaba, the Abraj Al-Bait Towers has a large
prayer room capable of holding more than 10,000 people. The tallest tower in the
complex also contains a five-star hotel, operated by Fairmont Hotels and Resorts, to
help provide lodging for the millions of pilgrims that travel to Mecca annually to
participate in the Hajj.
In addition, the Abraj Al-Bait Towers has a 5-story shopping mall (the Abraj Al Bait Mall)
and a parking garage capable of holding over a thousand vehicles. Residential towers
house permanent residents while two heliports and a conference center are to
accommodate business travelers. In total, up to 100,000 people could be housed inside
the towers. The project uses clock faces for each side of the hotel tower. The highest
residential floor stands at 450 meters (1,480 feet), just below the spires. The clock faces
are 43 m × 43 m (141 ft. × 141 ft.) largest in the world. The roof of the clocks is 530
meters (1,740 feet) above the ground, making them the world's most elevated
architectural clocks. A 71-metre-tall spire (233 ft.) has been added on top of the clock
giving it a total height of 601 meters (1,972 feet). The tower also includes an Islamic
Museum and a Lunar Observation Center which will also be used to sight the moon
during the Holy Months.

5. Design and construction:
 Architect: Dar Al-Handasah Architects
 Structural engineer: Dar Al-Handasah
 Main contractor: Saudi Bin Ladin Group
Feature:
The building is topped by a four-faced clock, visible from 25 kilometers (16 miles) away.
The clock is the highest in the world at over 400 meters (1,300 ft.) above the ground.
The clock's face is the largest clock face in the world, surpassing the Cevahir Mall clock
in Istanbul.
Each of the clock's four faces measure 46 m (151 ft.) in diameter and are illuminated by
2 million LED lights, with four oriented edges, just above the clock alongside huge
Arabic script reading: “God is the Greatest” on the north and south faces and on the
west and east the Koran. Four golden domes on pillars on all the corners are also
present. Another 21,000 white and green coloured lights, the same as the Saudi Flag,
fitted at the top of the clock, will flash to signal Islam's five-times daily prayers, and will
be visible as far as 30 km (19 mi) away. On special occasions such as New Year, 16
bands of vertical lights will shoot some 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) up into the sky. The
clock's four faces will be covered with 98 million pieces of glass mosaics. The Saudi
coat of arms is displayed at the center of each clock behind the dials. The minute hand
is 22 m (72 ft.) long, while the hour hand is 17 m (56 ft.) long.An observatory deck is at
the base of the clock. Elevators take visitors up to an observation balcony just beneath
the clock faces. There were rumors that the clock would be set to local Mecca Time, in
an attempt to replace Greenwich as the prime meridian for global time keeping, but the
clock is set to Arabia Standard Time (UTC+03:00).

6. Technical details:
 Material main structural system: reinforced concrete
 Lower part: steel/concrete composite construction, steel construction
 (Upper Part) cladding: glass, marble, natural stone, carbon-/glass-fiber
reinforced plastic
 Floor count:120
 Floor area Tower: 310,638 m2 (3,343,680 sq. ft.)
 Development: 1,575,815 m2 (16,961,930 sq. ft.)
The spire:
The main building is topped by a 93 m (305 ft.) spire with 23 m (75 ft.) high golden
crescent at the top. The spire has the black observation pod at the bottom which
contains a lunar gallery, a control tower and the main observation deck.
The crescent was constructed in Dubai by Premier Composite Technology in April 2011.
The crescent is made of fiberglass-backed mosaic gold, and it weighs up to 35 tones.
Peugeot Joseph, the company official, said a team of five engineers and a hundred
workers carried out the project, which cost 90 million United Arab Emirates dirham, and
it took three months to build it. The company has also constructed the Mecca Clock.
The Crescent was divided into 10 parts to move it to Mecca. The crescent was partly
assembled on the base of the clock-face to reduce it to 5 parts. Those five parts were
then lifted and installed above the spire from 20 June to 6 July 2011.
The minaret and its base have massive loudspeakers that will emit prayer calls to a
distance of seven km while nearly 21,000 lamps will illuminate the surrounding area to a
distance of 30 kilometers (19 mi).

7. During occasions like Muslim Eids and new Hijri years, a 16-beam light will illuminate an
area of a diameter of around 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) while 21,000 lamps will beam white
and green lights to a distance of 30 kilometers (19 mi). The light beams are intended to
allow deaf persons or Muslims in far areas to know prayer timings in the western parts
of Mecca and nearby cities.
Yet, despite the claimed need for illumination and awareness of prayer timings in
discrete areas and portions around and in Mecca, there are well over 200 existing old
mosques in the city; most are frequently attended and therefore well equipped with
Muadhins to call the prayer.
Construction fire incidents:
The Abraj-Al-Bait complex has seen two fire incidents during construction. The first fire
struck the Hajar Tower on 28 October 2008. It took 400 firefighters to put out the fire,
which burned for 10 hours, consuming nine floors of the tower. According to eyewitness
reports, the blaze erupted shortly after midnight, and spread rapidly because of wood
used for construction stored in the premises. Soon, the entire building was engulfed in
smoke. Hospitals were put on high alert, but no injuries were reported. A civil defense
spokesman said the fire started on the 32nd floor of Hajar Tower.
The second fire struck Safa tower on 1 May 2009. No deaths or injuries were reported
in the blaze that was quickly contained by Civil Defense. Eyewitnesses said the fire
broke out soon after Asr prayer while some workers in the building were welding iron
rods on wooden scaffoldings. The fire damaged a large part of the under-construction
tower. According to Major General Adel Zamzami, director general of Civil Defence in
the Mecca province, the fire broke out at the 14th floor and reached up to the 20th.

8. Comparison of some notable four-face clocks at the same scale.
 Top-left: Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower
 Bottom-left: Allen-Bradley Clock Tower (previous record holder)
 Middle: Abraj Al Bait tower
 Top-right: Palace of Westminster clock tower
 Bottom-right: Kremlin Clock

9. Aerial photograph showing the towers under construction and their
surroundings, including Masjid al-Haram on the left.
Glass on Abraj Al Bait Tower
Interior Of Al Abraj Tower :

10. Luxury Hotel Amenities In Makkah Clock Royal Tower,
A Fairmont Hotel:
Located adjacent to the Masjid al Haram, Makkah Clock Royal Tower, A Fairmont Hotel
offers the finest hospitality in the holy city of Makkah. One of the world’s tallest, this 76-
story hotel is the focal point of the Abraj Al Bait Complex, part of the King Abdul Aziz
Endowment Project. Among its outstanding features is a 40-meter (130-foot) Royal
Clock, visible from 17 kilometers (10 miles) away, which will announce daily prayers to
the Muslim world; meanwhile, the Lunar Observation Center and an Islamic Museum
aim to preserve Muslim heritage for future generations.
In addition to the opulent and elegant comfort of the rooms and suites offered at this
five-star hotel, 56 state-of-the-art elevators allow easy access to Masjid al Haram for
prayers. Furthermore, at any time, nine exceptional dining venues will be available to
accommodate intimate or vast gatherings.

11. Spa and Fitness:
At Makkah Clock Royal Tower, A Fairmont Hotel Spa and Health Club you can treat
yourself to a healthy, relaxing holiday. With state-of-the art fitness equipment, our Spa is
the perfect oasis to relax and restore the skin, body and mind.
The male and female health clubs are exclusive retreats where you can enjoy
personalized massage, skincare and body treatments. Featuring a staff of certified and
licensed professionals, the health clubs open from 10 am till 10 pm daily, seven days
per week.
At Makkah Clock Royal Tower, A Fairmont Hotel, our guests will enjoy the best place to
enhance their well-being, achieve their fitness goals and rediscover themselves with a
truly exceptional spa experience.
Unwind the steam room, sauna, Jacuzzi, Gym, Kid’s Club and relish our exclusive
healing and therapy, including full body massage and foot massage, that reflect the
Makkah Clock Royal Tower, A Fairmont Hotel's cultural and environmental heritage.

12. Accommodations:
Makkah Clock Royal Tower, A Fairmont Hotel, the architectural landmark
located in the pulsating heart of the Muslim World, provides it’s guests with
a unique opportunity to reside in elegantly furnished and superbly serviced
residences with breathtaking views of Masjid Al Haram and the Holy
Ka'aba.
Every unit of the hotel’s 1542 guest rooms and suites are thoughtfully and
elegantly appointed—with extravagant amenities and five-star services that
allow for peacefulreflectionand repose. Moreover, 76 elevators allow easy
access to the holy Masjid Al-Haram for prayers.
The Fairmont Royal, where all the service and luxury synonymous to the
Fairmont name go yet another step further.
The Royal Floor is an oasis where the art of exceptional service is elevated
to create an exclusive and personalized experience. A private reception
desk for efficient yet unhurried check-in and check-out optimizes their
productivity in dedicated work areas or simply unwind and reflect.

13. In addition to that, Fairmont Royal offers premium suites that belong in a
class of their own, creating an exquisite heaven for guests to pray and
relax.
Featuring artistically appealing interiors that reflect the rich Islamic
Heritage, Fairmont Residences provide the perfect serenity in generous
living spaces that suit our guests' requirements. Ranging from apartments
with one, two or three-bedroom options that can accommodate up to 8
guests,most residences offer a kitchen, living room, dining room, and built-
in wardrobe.
While the exclusive lobby and separate reception designed to facilitate the
guests check-in and check-out procedures, the private entrances and
elevators provide easy access to and from Al Haram. Guests of residences
have access to the Business Center, the Islamic Studies Authority and the
King Abdullah Science Centre, as well as the Lunar Observation Center
and Islamic Museum.

14. Dining:
Whether it’s an intimate, family dinner or a large, social gathering, Makkah Clock Royal
Tower offers a variety of unique, full-service dining settings— from classic to
contemporary, relaxed to refined. When it comes to our guests, we have but one goal,
each and every time: to deliver a successful and seamless experience.
Mazaq Café offers a delightful portfolio of coffees and teas, and a delicious selection of
French pastries and snacks.Atyaf, all-dining restaurant offering delicious food from the
Middle East, Asia, North Africa, the Levant and Mediterranean.The Grill, the first fine
dining steakhouse in any hotel in Makkah.
Aja, a casual Asian noodle restaurant serving the freshest noodles, dim sum, soups and
fried rice.
Mirkaz Café, offering signature coffee roasts from around the world with delicious
chocolates and sweets.
Buharat, an Indian buffet featuring a striking tandoor station.
Lezzet, High end authentic Ottoman cuisine, feast on Silk Road–inspired lamb
dumplings, sweet olive desserts, and beef stews fit for a sultan.
Al-Dar, a Lebanese buffet with a wide selection of hot and cold mezzah.
Al Dira, the first five-star Saudi restaurant in the City.

15. Meetings
For the first time, enjoy world-class meeting facilities and services from the heart of the
Holy City, including a fully equipped business Centre with secretarial service, 8 state-of-
the-art meeting rooms with a pre-function area, and a spectacular ballroom. Ideal for
any business function, the hotel offers the most advanced technology in the city
including a media room, live translation room, and a roving camera.
Weddings:
For Muslims across the world there is nothing more special than beginning and blessing
a marriage in the Holy City of Makkah. That’s why, Makkah Clock Royal Tower, A
Fairmont Hotel presents Al Jiwar Ballroom, a specialized wedding venue with more than
3,200 sq. meters of adaptable function space. The elegant ballroom fuses modernity
and tradition in its breathtaking design, and accommodates up to 1200 guests. Our
team of wedding planners and culinary specialists are ready to help you make your
wedding dream a reality.

16. Social Events:
Every personal event should be a memorable one-of-a-kind occasion. In this divine
setting, our skilled team creates inspiring setups and delectable cuisines that transform
the expected into an unforgettable event experience in the heart of the Muslim world.
Suitable for small personal events to large gatherings, Makkah Clock Royal Tower, A
Fairmont Hotel, offers more than 3,200 sq. meters of flexible events space over two
floors.
Conclusion:
This is the first time 1st tallest building in the Muslim central state of revolution of
skyscape.It is not good for Muslim central state to build in front of masjid of Al Haram of
Makkah. There are many other controversies on the building of this tower. Like In Islam
do not build your houses and other else taller than minaret of majid.But it is benefical for
Saudi Arabia economic structure from hajji comes from other Islamic countries for
ummarah and hajj to provide them accommodation and dining facilities.