The document discusses various pathologies that can cause enlargement of different parts of the heart and pulmonary vasculature. It lists conditions such as mitral regurgitation, pulmonary venous hypertension, mitral stenosis, left atrial myxoma, and papillary muscle dysfunction that can lead to enlargement of the left atrium. It also lists increased blood flow, ventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and pulmonary venous hypertension as causes of enlargement of the main pulmonary artery. Finally, it discusses cardiomyopathy, pericardial effusion, multiple valve disease, and coronary artery disease as potential causes of cardiac dilation.

57. left atrium enlarged pulmonary vasculature. Normal Vasculature Mitral Regurgitation Pulmonary venous hypertension Mitral stenosis Left atrial myxoma Papillary muscle dysfunction Left heart failure

58. left atrium enlarged (continue..) Increased flow VSD PDA Pulmonary arterial hypertension + pulmonary venous hypertension - Mitral stenosis . + increased flow - VSD, PDA

62. Main pulmonary artery big Normal Vasculature Pulmonic stenosis Idiopathic pulmonary artery dilatation Hyperdynamic states Increased flow (Left to right shunts) ASD VSD PDA Anomalous pulmonary venous return

63. Main pulmonary big (continued) Pulmonary venous hypertension Presupposes left atrial enlargement Pulmonary arterial hypertension Lungs - normal multiple pulmonary emboli, COPD , Lungs - abnormal Schistosomiasis

68. Main Pulmonary Artery concave Normal aorta Cardiomyopathy Normal vasculature Aorta prominent Hypertension Aortic regurgitation Ascending aorta prominent Aortic stenosis

71. Heart dilated (Delta shaped) Normal vasculature Pericardial effusion Cardiomyopathy Multiple valve disease Coronary artery disease Cardiomyopathy Ebstein's Corrected transposition

73. C

74. ABC’S OF HEART B

75. THANKS