3. ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT
• Mild to moderate cardiomegaly
• Right atrial and right ventricular enlargement
• Prominent main pulmonary artery segment
• Relatively small aortic shadow
• Plethoric lung fields
4.
5. VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT
• Cardiac enlargement with increased lung
vasculature
• Aorta appears normal or smaller than the normal
size
6.
7. PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS
• Cardiac enlargement depends on the left to right
shunt
• Enlargement of aorta with prominent aortic
knuckle
• Pulmonary vasculature is plethoric
8.
9. TETROLOGY OF FALLOT
• Boot shaped heart.
• Upturned cardiac apex due to left ventricular
hypertrophy and concave pulmonary artery segment.
14. TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT
VESSELS
• Produced by ventriculoarterial discordance
• Apparent narrowing of mediastinum
• Atrial border is abnormally convex
15.
16. TOTAL ANOMALOUS PULMONARY
VENOUS CONNECTION
• Right sided chambers are enlarged.
• Prominent pulmonary artery segment
• Figure of 8 or snowman appearance
17.
18. COARCTATION OF AORTA
• Figure of three sign
• Reverse figure of three sign
• Notching of ribs
21. MITRAL STENOSIS
• Mitralisation of heart-Straightening of left heart
border due to from above:
• *Small aortic knuckle due to low cardiac out put
• *Convexity due to dilated pulmonary artery
• *Prominent left atrial appendage produces a
convexity
• *No change in left border of left ventricle
22. • Shadow with in shadow-Double contour of right
border of heart
• Sickling of oesophagus in RAO view
• Obliteration of retrosternal air space in LATERAL
view
26. AORTIC STENOSIS
• Left ventricular hypertrophy but normal sized heart
due to concentric hypertrophy
• Post stenotic dilatation of ascending aorta
• Calcification of aortic valve in left anterior oblique
view
30. Pulmonary stenosis
• Right ventricular enlargement
• Right atrial enlargement
• Prominent pulmonary trunk
• Chen sign:vascular fullness at the left lung base
more-so than the right lung base due to
preferential flow of turbulent jet into the left
pulmonary artery
36. • Rapidly enlarging cardiac silhouette with normal
pulmonary vascularity.
• Water bottle configuration:Globular enlargement of
cardiac shadow.
• Oreo cookie sign/fatpad sign:separation of
pericardial from epicardial fat>2mm.seen in lateral
xray.
41. • Thymic sail sign-with sufficient air in mediastinum
thymus get elevated
• Ring around the artery sign
• Double bronchial wall sign-air in the mediastinum
and main bronchus allows visualization of bronchial
wall
• Continuous diaphragm sign-due to air trapped
posterior to diaphragm
• Extra pleural sign
