1. SCC-Vi Programme
Western Kenya Smallholder Agriculture Carbon
Finance project
By
Amos Wafula Wekesa,
Environmental and Climate Change Advisor,
VI-Agroforestry Programme Eastern Africa,
P.O. Box 3160-40100, Kisumu,
Tel. +254 735 955 247
E-Mail: amos.wekesa@viafp.org

2. Vi Agroforestry agriculture adaptation and mitigation scale
Two carbon
Projects
1. BioCF and
2. Plan Vivo
Standard
project
One adaptation
programme
Working with 250,000hhs using SALM to improve agricultural productivity, increase
soil and biomass carbon stocks and biodiversity conservation

3. The project promote SALM
practices within smallholder farmer
groups and create reductions of
emissions of greenhouse gases
(GHGs) through carbon
sequestration by trees and soil for
food security, economic and
environmental services
Total land area 116,000
ha in 6 administrative
divisions
45,000 ha targeted
60,000 farmers Until 2029
1, 236, 375 tCO2e and 60
% buffer
and only 494,550 tCO2e
be sold
1,978,200 USD projected
revenue
by end of crediting period
December 2029
Western Kenya Smallholder
Agriculture Carbon Finance project
Figure 1: General project location

4. Emissions and Removals in Agricultural Land Management
Emissions
• CO2
– Biomass removal
– Land clearing
– Tree cutting
– Soils
– Fossil fuel use
• CH4
– Manure
– Biomass burning
– Fossil fuel use
• N2O
– Manure
– Fertilizer use
– N-fixing species
– Biomass burning
– Fossil fuel use
Removals
C. Sequestration
– Trees
– Improved soil management
Activity based methodology
Monitor activity
•Agricultural practice
•Production
•Cover crops
•Residuals
•Manure
ABMS
•Fertilizer use
•Biomass burning
•Fossil fuel use
•Model long-term soil organic carbon
•Convert the long-term to transitional soil organic
carbon
•Measure biomass in woody perennials

5. Western Kenya Smallholder Agriculture Carbon Finance project management
cycle and institutional framework
Preparation
Negotiation
Periodic verification by
DOE, Payments of VERs
and distributions
Start up of
Project
Methodology
Validation
Implementation
PIN, CFD, technical, financial, environment
social, endorsement, inclusion in portfolio letter
of intend
Project Design Document,
Baselines and MP.. Calculations
By DOE Methodology pre-validation report
(BLS/MP), Methodology approval validation report
Registration, activities,
initial verification of MP
and monitoring
WB Lawyers draft ERPA,
consultation/negotiate,
and sign
It takes 1-6 six years for project to start and be registered

6. Adaptation/mitigation synergies in smallholder agriculture
The Viagroforestry project targets soil and biomass carbon as well as
adaptation
– mitigation
– adaptation
Mitigation can fund adaptation and
vise-versa
Sustainable Agriculture
Land Management

7. Methodology is called;
Adoption of sustainable
agricultural land management
(SALM)
1. Methodology is aimed to estimate and monitor greenhouse
gas emissions of project activities that reduce emissions in
agriculture by applying sustainable land management
practices (SALM) e.g.
• Crop residue mgt
• Conservation agriculture practices
• Agroforestry practices
Carbon pools
1. Above ground
2. Below ground
3. Soil organic carbon
Methodology is based on modeling the agro ecosystem and nutrient cycling in the
RothC model factoring in soil properties, agro ecological zones, IPCC Tier data

8. Components of the method
• Biomass in woody perennials
– CDM AR Tool for perennials in the baseline
– CDM AR SSC methodology
• Synthetic fertilizers
– CDM AR Tool for fertilizers
• N-fixing species
– IPCC Tier 1 methodology
• Biomass burning
– IPCC Tier 2 methodology

9. Soil organic component
• Modified IPCC Tier 2
• Group activities
• Model long-term soil organic carbon for each Group
using RothC1(or CENTURY2)
– Clay content, weather
– plant residues, manure, soil cover
• Convert long-term to transitional soil organic carbon
using 20 year moving average
1 http://www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/aen/carbon/rothc.htm
2 http://www.nrel.colostate.edu/projects/century5/reference/html/Century/overview.htm

10. Summary by: Timm Tennigkeit

11. Roll out and carbon creditting potential
1,4 Tons of CO2/hectare
0,75Hectares per farmer
Under discussion – to be confirmed

12. Project status by 2009
Hectares
under
SALM
Table 4. Households sensitized and recruited to the BioCarbon finance scheme
HH
with
SALM
HH filled FSA
(Kenya)
HH
Sensitized
Groups
Sensitized
Groups
Project Identified
site
Kitale 436 325 4918 4054 4054 3920.7
Kisumu 385 319 11641 4074 3500 3200
Total 821 644 16559 8128 7554 7120.7
Baseline and other procedures well done
Method developed and approved
ERPA drafted

13. Farm scenarios
Irrigation
Agroforestry Fodder bank
Zero grazing
Composting
Improved fallow
Water harvesting
and terracing

14. Tree potential
Tobias Benegula Phiason Katoto