This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a neural network approach to optimize techniques for improving power quality using a DSTATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator). It begins by introducing common power quality issues like voltage sags, swells, and harmonics. It then discusses different custom power devices used to address these issues, focusing on the DSTATCOM. The paper proposes a control algorithm using a backpropagation neural network to extract reference currents and control the DSTATCOM for reactive power compensation, load balancing, and voltage regulation. Simulation results showed the DSTATCOM was able to satisfactorily compensate for different types of loads using this neural network approach.
with the help of web based power quality monitoring system we can control and manage the data flow of electrical quantity and control the improve the quality of the power system in grid
POWER HARMONICS- SOURCES, ISSUES AND MITIGATIONASHIKS842
Various developments in the field of power system are being carried out to find a fruitful solution to mitigate the harmonics. some of the basic solutions are being described here.
SEMINAR PRESENTED ON 21 JANUARY 2017 CONDUCTED BY KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD ENGINEER'S ASSOCIATION.
Harmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysis
A brief and basic presentation of interconnections of pwer system,it covers all the basic aspects of power system interconnection that how systems can be built with interconnections
with the help of web based power quality monitoring system we can control and manage the data flow of electrical quantity and control the improve the quality of the power system in grid
POWER HARMONICS- SOURCES, ISSUES AND MITIGATIONASHIKS842
Various developments in the field of power system are being carried out to find a fruitful solution to mitigate the harmonics. some of the basic solutions are being described here.
SEMINAR PRESENTED ON 21 JANUARY 2017 CONDUCTED BY KERALA STATE ELECTRICITY BOARD ENGINEER'S ASSOCIATION.
Harmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysisHarmonic study and analysis
A brief and basic presentation of interconnections of pwer system,it covers all the basic aspects of power system interconnection that how systems can be built with interconnections
Introduction to reactive power control in electrical powerDr.Raja R
Introduction to reactive power control in electrical power
Reactive power in transmission line :
Reactive power control
Reactive power and its importance
Apparent Power
Reactive Power
Apparent Power
Reactive Power Formula
Optimization Technique for Power Quality Improvement using DSTATCOM Neural Ne...ijtsrd
As the power demand has been increasing rapidly, power generation and transmission are being affected due to limited resources, environmental restrictions and other losses. soft computing the techniques of correcting the supply voltage sag, swell and interruption in a distributed system. At present, a wide range of very flexible controllers, which capitalize on newly available power electronics components, are emerging for custom power applications. Power electronic based equipment aimed at enhancing the reliability and quality of power flows in low voltage distribution networks. A control algorithm is used for the extraction of the fundamental weighted value of active and reactive power components. Using digital signal processor the DSTATCOM is developed and its performance of DSTATCOM is found to be satisfactory for various types of loads. Hareram Mishra | Manju Gupta | Dr. Anuprita Mishra "Optimization Technique for Power Quality Improvement using DSTATCOM (Neural Network Approach) – A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45219.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/45219/optimization-technique-for-power-quality-improvement-using-dstatcom-neural-network-approach- – -a-review/hareram-mishra
Introduction to reactive power control in electrical powerDr.Raja R
Introduction to reactive power control in electrical power
Reactive power in transmission line :
Reactive power control
Reactive power and its importance
Apparent Power
Reactive Power
Apparent Power
Reactive Power Formula
Optimization Technique for Power Quality Improvement using DSTATCOM Neural Ne...ijtsrd
As the power demand has been increasing rapidly, power generation and transmission are being affected due to limited resources, environmental restrictions and other losses. soft computing the techniques of correcting the supply voltage sag, swell and interruption in a distributed system. At present, a wide range of very flexible controllers, which capitalize on newly available power electronics components, are emerging for custom power applications. Power electronic based equipment aimed at enhancing the reliability and quality of power flows in low voltage distribution networks. A control algorithm is used for the extraction of the fundamental weighted value of active and reactive power components. Using digital signal processor the DSTATCOM is developed and its performance of DSTATCOM is found to be satisfactory for various types of loads. Hareram Mishra | Manju Gupta | Dr. Anuprita Mishra "Optimization Technique for Power Quality Improvement using DSTATCOM (Neural Network Approach) – A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45219.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/45219/optimization-technique-for-power-quality-improvement-using-dstatcom-neural-network-approach- – -a-review/hareram-mishra
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
We follow "Rigorous Publication" model - means that all articles appear on IJERD after full appraisal, effectiveness, legitimacy and reliability of research content. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development publishes papers online as well as provide hard copy of Journal to authors after publication of paper. It is intended to serve as a forum for researchers, practitioners and developers to exchange ideas and results for the advancement of Engineering & Technology.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
We follow "Rigorous Publication" model - means that all articles appear on IJERD after full appraisal, effectiveness, legitimacy and reliability of research content. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development publishes papers online as well as provide hard copy of Journal to authors after publication of paper. It is intended to serve as a forum for researchers, practitioners and developers to exchange ideas and results for the advancement of Engineering & Technology.
Power Quality Enhancement using DSTATCOM by Immune Feedback Control Algorithmijtsrd
This paper proposes an immune feedback control algorithm for a three phase distribution static compensator DSTATCOM to mitigate several power quality problems such as harmonics, reactive power, and load unbalancing at distribution level. This control algorithm proposed for DSTATCOM, is validated for maintaining power factor to unity, load balancing, and harmonics reduction of supply currents. In this application, the proposed control algorithm on a DSTATCOM is implemented for the compensation of nonlinear loads. The simulations were performed in the environment of MATLAB SIMULINK. P. Thirumala | K. Mahesh "Power Quality Enhancement using DSTATCOM by Immune Feedback Control Algorithm" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29812.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/29812/power-quality-enhancement-using-dstatcom-by-immune-feedback-control-algorithm/p-thirumala
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
REDUCING SOURCE CURRENT HARMONICS DUE TO BALANCED AND UN-BALANCED VOLTAGE VAR...IJCI JOURNAL
Electricity demand has been increasing due to the increase of population and industries. Hence it is very
important to feed the demand with quality of generation. Improvement of power quality is the greater
concern in advanced power system element, it is essential to congregate the need of energy by employ the
renewable energy generating sources like pv, fuel cell, biomass, wind, etc and utilizing many more
applications like grid interconnected systems, power quality improvement. The situations like harmonic,
reactive power exchanging, power factor correction, balanced and un-balanced voltage variations & so on,
due to greater effect on highly susceptible loads are to be encouraged in power distribution system. To
enhance these circumstances, custom power appliances are used to achieve high grid voltage stability. In
this paper, a voltage distortions controlled D-STATCOM based on fuzzy controller is a meticulous power
appliance for enhancing harmonic distortions from high power semiconductor switching device,
exchanging the both active & reactive power, defend the gird stability by implementing DG technology, to
regulate the power quality issues in power distribution network. This paper implements the comparative
analysis of PI and Fuzzy controlled DSTATCOM with energy backup scheme, controlled by pwm control
technique and founded that fuzzy based IPQ theory for generation of reference current signals improves the
power quality than PI based IPQ theory and this analysis is dynamically evaluated with Matlab/Simulink.
1.compensation of reactive power using d statcom in grid interfaced pv systemEditorJST
This paper displays the upgrade of voltage droops, Harmonic mutilation and low power figure utilizing Distribution Static Compensator (D-STATCOM) with LCL Passive Filter in Distribution Framework. At whatever point there is an entrance of photovoltaic cell energy to the low voltage appropriated matrix, there happen the issue of confuse in voltage and recurrence in the system, maybe brought on by non-direct loads, creating music. The model depends on the Voltage Source Converter (VSC) guideline. The D-STATCOM infuses a current into the framework to alleviate the voltage lists. LCL Passive Filter Was then added to D-STATCOM to enhance symphonies bending and low power figure. The reproductions were performed utilizing MATLAB SIMULINK.
Mitigation of Fault in the Distribution System by using Flexible Distributed ...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD42403 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2021 Page 706
voltage’. The ‘Dip voltage’ is the difference between the
nominal voltage and the actual. The converter is normally
based on some kind of energy storage i.e. capacitor, which
will supply the converter with a DC voltage. The solid-state
electronics in the converter is then switched to get the
desired output voltage. Normally the VSCisnotonlyusedfor
voltage dip mitigation, but also for other power quality
issues, e.g. flicker and harmonics.
A. Shunt voltage controller [Distribution Static
Compensator (DSTATCOM)]
The D-STATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator)
configuration consists of a VSC, a DCenergystoragedevice;a
coupling transformer connected in shuntwiththeacsystem,
and associated control circuits. Fig. 1,
Figure 1 Schemetic Dig Of D-STATCOM
shows the basic configuration of D-STATCOM. Here, such
device is employed to provide continuousvoltageregulation
using an indirectly controlledconverter.Suitableadjustment
of the phase and magnitude of the D-STATCOM output
voltages allows effective control ofactiveandreactive power
exchanges between the D-STATCOM and the AC system.
The VSC connected in shunt with the AC system provides a
multifunctional topology which can be used for up to three
quite distinct purposes:
A. Voltage regulation and compensation of reactive power
B. Correction of power factor
C. Elimination of current harmonics.
Figure 1 shows the shunt injected current Ish corrects the
voltage sag by adjusting the voltage drop across the system
impedance Zth. The value of Ish can be controlledbyadjusting
the output voltage of the converter.
Ish = IL – Is
It is mentioned that the effectiveness of the STATCOM in
correcting voltage sag depends on the value of Zth or fault
level of the load bus. When the shunt injected current Ish is
kept in quadrature with VL the desired voltage correction
can be achieved without injecting any active power into the
system. On the other hand, when the value of Ish is
minimized, the same voltagecorrectioncan beachievedwith
minimum apparent power injection into the system.
B. Dynamic voltage restorer / regulator (DVR)
The Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is a series connected
device analogous to a SSSC. The main function of a DVR is to
eliminate or reduce voltage sags seenbysensitiveloadssuch
as semiconductor manufacturing plant or IT industry.. They
have been designed to compensate three phase voltage sags
up to 35% for duration of time less than half a second
(depending on the requirement). If the voltage sag occurs
only in one phase (caused by SLG faults) then the DVR may
be designed to provide compensation for sags exceeding
50%. A DVR is connected in series with the feeder using a
transformer. The low voltage winding is connected to the
converter. A DVR with IGBT/IGCT devices can be controlled
to act as a series active filter to isolate the load from voltage
harmonics on the source side. It is also possible to balance
the voltage on the load side by injecting negative and/or
zero sequence voltages in addition to harmonic voltages.
Figure 2: Basic configuration of DVR
C. UNIFIED POWER QUALITY CONDITIONER (UPQC)
Unified power quality conditioners are viable compensation
devices that are used to ensure that delivered power meets
all required standards and specifications at the point of
installation.
Figure 3: Basic Configuration of UPQC
The ideal UPQC can be represented as the combination of a
voltage source converter (injecting shunt current) and a
common DC link (connected to a DC capacitor).
UPQC consist of combined series active power filter that
compensates voltage harmonics of the power supply, and
shunt active power filter that compensates harmonic
currents of a non-linear load. This dual functionality makes
the UPQC as one of the most suitable devicesthatcouldsolve
the problems of both consumers as well as of utility. UPQC,
thus can help to improve voltage profile and hence the
overall health of power distribution system
III. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AND CONTROL
ALGORITHM AND PROPOSE WORK
The performance of any custom power device depends very
much upon the control algorithm used for the reference
current estimation and gating pulse generation scheme. An
implementation of a three phase distribution static
compensator (DSTATCOM) using a control algorithm for its
functions under nonlinear loads such as load balancing and
reactive power compensation for power factor, and zero
voltage regulation. Themain advantageofthismethodisthat
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD42403 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2021 Page 707
it requires only waveformsofvoltagesandcurrents.Aneural
network with memory is used to identify the nonlinear load
admittance. Once training is achieved, the neural network
predicts the true harmoniccurrentoftheloadwhensupplied
with a clean sine wave. Feed forward back propagation (BP)
artificial neural network (ANN) consists of various layers
such as the input layer, hidden layer, and output layer. It is
based on feed forward BP with a high ability to deal with
complex nonlinear problems.
The BP control algorithm is also used to design the pattern
classification model based on decision support system. The
standard BP model has been used with the full connection of
each node in the layers from input to theoutputlayers.Some
applications of this algorithm are as to the identification of
user faces, industrial processes, data analysis,mappingdata,
control of power quality improvement devices, etc. The
control of power quality devicesbyneural network isa latest
research area in the field of power engineering. The
extractionofharmoniccomponentsdecidestheperformance
of compensating devices. The BP algorithm which trained
the sample can detect the signal of the power quality
problem in real time. Its simulation study for harmonic
detection is presented. The proposed control algorithm is
used for harmonic suppression and load balancing in PFC
and zero voltage regulation (ZVR) modes with dc voltage
regulation of DSTATCOM. In this work, the proposedcontrol
algorithm on a DSTATCOM is implemented for the
compensation of nonlinear loads.
A voltage source converter(VSC)-based DSTATCOM is
connected to a three phase ac mains feeding three phase
linear/nonlinearloadswithinternal gridimpedancewhichis
shown in Fig. 4
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of VSC-based DSTATCOM.
The performance of DSTATCOM depends upon the accuracy
of harmonic current detection. For reducing ripple in
compensating currents, the tuned values of interfacing
inductors (Lf) are connected at the ac output of the VSC. A
three-phase series combination of capacitor (Cf) and a
resistor (Rf) represents the shunt passive ripple filter which
is connected at a point of common coupling (PCC) for
reducing the high frequency switching noise of the VSC. The
DSTATCOM currents (icabc) are injected as required
compensating currents to cancel the reactive power
components and harmonics of the load currents so that
loading due to reactive power component/harmonics is
reduced on the distribution system. In this algorithm, the
phase PCC voltages, source current (isa,,isb, isc) and (iLa,,iLb, iLc)
and dc bus voltage (Vdc) are required for the extraction of
reference source currents. There are two primarymodesfor
the operation of this algorithm: The first one is a feed
forward, and the second is the BP of error or supervised
learning.
A BP training algorithm is used to estimate the three phase
weighted value of load active power current components
(Wap,Wbp,Wcp) and reactive power current components
(Waq,Wbq,Wcq) from polluted load currents using the feed
forward and supervised principle. In this estimation, the
input layer for three phases (a, b, and c) is expressed as
The detail application of this algorithm for the estimation of
various control parameters is given as follows.
Ilap=WO+iLauap+iLbubp++iLcucp (1)
Ilbp=WO+iLauap+iLbubp++iLcucp (2)
Ilcp=WO+iLauap+iLbubp++iLcucp (3)
Where Wo is the selected value of the initial weight and
(uap,ubp,ucp) are the in-phase unit templates. In-phase unit
templates are estimated using sensed PCC phase voltages
(Vsa,Vsb,Vsc) It is the relation of the phase voltage and the
amplitude of the PCC voltage (Vt). The amplitude of sensed
PCC voltages is estimated as
(4)
The in-phase unit templates of PCC voltages (uap,ubp,ucp) are
estimated as
(5)
The extracted values of ILap, ILbp, ILcp are passed through a
sigmoid function as an activation function, and the output
signals Zap,Zbp,Zcp of the feedforwardsectionare expressedas
(6)
(7)
(8)
The estimated values of Zap,Zbp,Zcparefedtoa hiddenlayeras
input signals. The three phase outputs of this layer ILap1,ILbp1,
ILcp1 before the activation function are expressed as
Ilap1 = wO1+wapzap+wbpwbp++wcpucp (9)
Ilap1 = wO1+wapzap+wbpwbp++wcpucp (10)
Ilap1 = wO1+wapzap+wbpwbp++wcpucp (11)
Where ( W01, Wap,Wbp,Wcp) are the selected value of the
initial weight in the hidden layer and the updated values of
three phase weights using the average weighted value (Wp)
of the active power current component as a feedback signal,
respectively. The updated weight of phase “a” active power
current component of load current “Wap” at the nthsampling
instant is expressed as
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD42403 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 4 | May-June 2021 Page 708
where (n) and (n) are `the average weighted value of the
active power component of load currents and the updated
weighted value of phase “a” at the nth sampling instant,
respectively and wap1(n) and Zap(n) are the phase “a”
fundamental weighted amplitude of the active power
component of the load current and the output of the feed
forward section of the algorithm at the nth instant,
respectively. f(Iap1) and μ arerepresentedasthederivativeof
Iap1 components and the learning rate. Similarly, for phase
“b” and phase “c,” the updated weighted values of the active
power current components of the load current are also
expressed as same. The extracted values of Iap1, Ibp1, and Icp1
are passed through a sigmoid function as an activation
function to the estimation of the fundamental active
components in terms of three phase weights wap1, wbp1, and
wcp1 as
(13)
(14)
(15)
IV. CONCLUSION
This study is used to examine the role of DSTATCOM in
improving the power efficiency of static linear and non-
linear load delivery networks. The PI controller is used with
the system to increase its efficiency. The evaluation method
is analysed, and the findings are discussed in the previous
portion. DSTATCOM in distribution networks undervarying
fault conditions and it can be inferred that DSTATCOM
effectively increases the power efficiency of static linear
distribution networks. A VSC-based DSTATCOM was
acknowledged as the most favored solution for optimizing
power efficiency as a PFC and retaining a rated PCC voltage.
A three-phase DSTATCOM has been introduced to
compensate for non-linear loads by utilizing a BPT control
algorithm to check its efficacy. For the extraction of
reference source currents, the proposed BPT control
algorithm was used to produce switching pulses for
DSTATCOM VSC IGBTs.
V. REFERENCES
[1] International Journal of Scientific and Research
Publications, Volume 4, Issue 4, April 2014 ISSN
2250-3153.
[2] Roger C. Dugan, Mark F. McGranaghan and H. Wayne
Beaty, Electrical Power, Systems Quality, Tata Mc
Graw- Hill. Pages 1-8 and 39-80.
[3] Bhim Singh, Alka Adya, A. P. Mittal, J. R. P Gupta,
“Power Quality Enhancement with DSTATCOM for
Small Isolated Alternator feeding Distribution
System”, conference on Power Electronics and Drive
Systems, vol. 1, pp. 274-279, 2005.
[4] Alexander Kusko, Sc. D., P. E., Marc T. Thompson, Ph.
D., Power Quality in Electrical Systems,Tata McGraw-
Hill publications, 2007.
[5] H. Nasiraghdam and A. Jalilian, “Balanced and
Unbalanced Voltage Sag Mitigation UsingDSTATCOM
with Linear and Nonlinear Loads”, Conference on
World Academy of Science, Engineering and
Technology, pp. 20–25, 2007.
[6] J. Sun, D. Czarkowski and Z. Zabar, “Voltage Flicker
MitigationUsingPWM-BasedDistributionSTATCOM”,
Conference on Power Engineering Society Summer
Meeting, Publication, vol. 1 , pp. 616 – 621, 2002.
[7] Sung-Min, Woo Dae-Wook Kang, Woo-Chol Lee and
Dong-Seok Hyun, “The Distribution STATCOM for
Reducing the Effect of Voltage Sag and Swell”,
Conference on IECON’O1: The 27th Annual
Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society
Publication, vol. 2, pp. 1132 - 1137, 2001.
[8] M. G. Molina, P. E. Mercado, “Control Design and
Simulation of DSTATCOM with Energy Storage for
Power Quality Improvements”, Conference on IEEE
PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and
Exposition Latin America, Venezuela, pp. 1 - 7, 2006.
[9] Pierre Giroux, Gilbert Sybille Hoang Le-Huy,
“Modeling and Simulation of a DistributionSTATCOM
using Sirnulink’s PowerSystemBlockset”,Conference
on IECON 0l: The 27th Annual Conference of the IEEE
Industrial Electronics Society, vol. 2, pp. 990 – 99,
2001.
[10] Afshin Lashkar Ara and Seyed Ali Nabavi Niaki,
“Comparison of The Facts Equipment Operation In
Transmission And Distribution Systems” Conference
on 17th International Conference on Electricity
Distribution Barcelona, vol. 2, pp. 44, 2003.
[11] Ben-Sheng Chen and Yuan-Yih Hsu, “An Analytical
Approach to HarmonicAnalysisandControllerDesign
of STATCOM”, Conference on IEEE Transactions on
Power Delivery, vol. 22, 2007