Susceptibility, potency selection and repetition of dose in homoeopathyDr Ananthakrishnan V A
Susceptibility, potency selection and repetition are important factors in homeopathic treatment. Susceptibility refers to an organism's reaction to stimuli and determines the appropriate potency. Higher susceptibility indicates a higher potency is needed, while lower susceptibility calls for a lower potency. Factors like age, sex, habits, constitution and disease nature/depth influence susceptibility. Repetition of doses depends on the patient's progress, disease nature and remedy characteristics. Acute diseases require more frequent repetition than chronic diseases. Lower potencies are repeated more often than higher potencies.
This document discusses the laws and principles of homeopathic posology, which is the study of dosage in homeopathy. It covers the evolution of concepts of minimum dose from Hahnemann's early use of large doses to infinitesimal doses. Guidelines from different homeopaths on potency and dose selection are provided. The preparation, application and repetition of infinitesimal doses are examined. Factors affecting susceptibility and guidelines for potency and dose selection are outlined.
The presentation details the concept of disease in homoeopathy, tracing the history to early medicine and describing the aspects of health, wellness and sickness.
It introduces the laws of Similia in homoeopathy and provide an understanding of the concept of Miasms.
The document discusses acute diseases and their treatment in homeopathy. It defines acute diseases as those that are rapid in onset, intense in symptoms, and short to moderate in duration, ending in recovery or death. It classifies acute diseases and discusses how their development and progression is influenced by miasms. It emphasizes that acute diseases are manifestations of chronic miasms. It provides guidelines for prescribing in acute cases, focusing on activity, thermals, thirst, and mentals rather than just physical symptoms, and following the principles of single remedy, minimum dose.
This document discusses temperaments in homeopathy and their relationship to remedy selection. It defines temperaments as the psycho-physical personality traits that influence an individual's metabolism, thought processes, and actions. The four classical temperaments are nervous, bilious, sanguine, and phlegmatic. Temperaments are determined from birth but homeopathic remedies can modify tendencies. Remedies may be incorrectly prescribed if temperaments are not properly considered. Symptom patterns often vary between temperaments, so the totality of symptoms rather than just temperament should guide remedy selection.
Classical homeopathy views disease as a symptom of an energetic disturbance within a person rather than an isolated condition. It aims to fully restore health by treating the whole person through individualized microdoses that stimulate the body's natural healing abilities. Key principles of homeopathy include treating like with like based on a person's unique symptoms, considering health as adaptability and vitality, and curing illnesses from within outwards and from top to bottom. Homeopathy continues to show effectiveness in clinical studies for treating complex chronic conditions.
This document discusses the principles of homeopathy including individualization, holism, and the law of similars. It provides guidance on when to use home remedies for minor ailments or vaccine side effects. It outlines the process for choosing a homeopathic remedy including matching symptoms to potential remedies, selecting a potency, and dosage instructions. Recommended books on homeopathic materia medica are also listed.
Susceptibility, potency selection and repetition of dose in homoeopathyDr Ananthakrishnan V A
Susceptibility, potency selection and repetition are important factors in homeopathic treatment. Susceptibility refers to an organism's reaction to stimuli and determines the appropriate potency. Higher susceptibility indicates a higher potency is needed, while lower susceptibility calls for a lower potency. Factors like age, sex, habits, constitution and disease nature/depth influence susceptibility. Repetition of doses depends on the patient's progress, disease nature and remedy characteristics. Acute diseases require more frequent repetition than chronic diseases. Lower potencies are repeated more often than higher potencies.
This document discusses the laws and principles of homeopathic posology, which is the study of dosage in homeopathy. It covers the evolution of concepts of minimum dose from Hahnemann's early use of large doses to infinitesimal doses. Guidelines from different homeopaths on potency and dose selection are provided. The preparation, application and repetition of infinitesimal doses are examined. Factors affecting susceptibility and guidelines for potency and dose selection are outlined.
The presentation details the concept of disease in homoeopathy, tracing the history to early medicine and describing the aspects of health, wellness and sickness.
It introduces the laws of Similia in homoeopathy and provide an understanding of the concept of Miasms.
The document discusses acute diseases and their treatment in homeopathy. It defines acute diseases as those that are rapid in onset, intense in symptoms, and short to moderate in duration, ending in recovery or death. It classifies acute diseases and discusses how their development and progression is influenced by miasms. It emphasizes that acute diseases are manifestations of chronic miasms. It provides guidelines for prescribing in acute cases, focusing on activity, thermals, thirst, and mentals rather than just physical symptoms, and following the principles of single remedy, minimum dose.
This document discusses temperaments in homeopathy and their relationship to remedy selection. It defines temperaments as the psycho-physical personality traits that influence an individual's metabolism, thought processes, and actions. The four classical temperaments are nervous, bilious, sanguine, and phlegmatic. Temperaments are determined from birth but homeopathic remedies can modify tendencies. Remedies may be incorrectly prescribed if temperaments are not properly considered. Symptom patterns often vary between temperaments, so the totality of symptoms rather than just temperament should guide remedy selection.
Classical homeopathy views disease as a symptom of an energetic disturbance within a person rather than an isolated condition. It aims to fully restore health by treating the whole person through individualized microdoses that stimulate the body's natural healing abilities. Key principles of homeopathy include treating like with like based on a person's unique symptoms, considering health as adaptability and vitality, and curing illnesses from within outwards and from top to bottom. Homeopathy continues to show effectiveness in clinical studies for treating complex chronic conditions.
This document discusses the principles of homeopathy including individualization, holism, and the law of similars. It provides guidance on when to use home remedies for minor ailments or vaccine side effects. It outlines the process for choosing a homeopathic remedy including matching symptoms to potential remedies, selecting a potency, and dosage instructions. Recommended books on homeopathic materia medica are also listed.
This document provides information about Dr. S.S. Adi's Homoeopathic clinic in Belgaum, India. It discusses the history and principles of homoeopathy as discovered by Dr. Samuel Hahnemann in 1796. The clinic treats patients using individualized homoeopathic remedies based on each person's unique symptoms. The document presents several cases that were successfully treated at the clinic for conditions like psoriasis, alopecia, filariasis, and verruca. It emphasizes that homoeopathy is a natural and non-violent method of treatment.
This document is a translation of Samuel Hahnemann's Organon of Medicine, which outlines the principles of homeopathic medicine. It introduces homeopathy as a system that cures disease by treating the whole symptom picture based on the principle of using remedies that can produce similar symptoms in healthy people. The translator provides context on Hahnemann's work and the need for a new English translation to make the concepts more clear and accessible to modern readers. The introduction is followed by Hahnemann's original text from the sixth edition of the Organon.
This document provides an overview of homeopathy as a medical system. It discusses the history and principles of homeopathy beginning with Hippocrates and Paracelsus. Samuel Hahnemann is credited with formally establishing homeopathy in the late 18th century based on the principles of similia similibus curentur and potentization. The document outlines homeopathy's pharmacology including source of medicines, methods of potentization, and common forms of administration. It also summarizes research that has been conducted on homeopathy, showing evidence of its effectiveness in treating various conditions including respiratory infections and its success in epidemic settings.
A slideshow by Deborah Olenev CCH RSHom (NA) comparing the Western Medicine therapeutic model and ideologies with the Homeopathic perspective on healing and the influence on the COVID19 response. Links to resources are given.
Homoeopathy is a science and this presentation explores the methodology behind understanding, analysing the disease and prescribing medicine to the patient. It defines the key milestones that if followed diligently by any physician can help him end up with a remedy which may prove out to be a panacea for all patient complaints.
Indigenous presentation - Indig medicine Emily Edwards
This document discusses Iroquois conceptions of health, illness, and medicine. It outlines how the Iroquois view all things as having a life force, and illness occurs when this balance is disrupted, which can happen through taboo violations, unfulfilled desires, encounters with evil things/events, or witchcraft. Symptoms are seen as manifestations of an imbalance in one's spirit. Treatment focuses on restoring balance, such as through ceremonies or herbal remedies. The document also discusses the etiological categories that illnesses may fall under and how these relate to symptoms.
The Role of Homeopathy in Farm Animalsacornorganic
Homeopathy is a system of medicine based on the principle that substances that cause symptoms in healthy people can cure similar symptoms in sick people. Homeopathic remedies come from plants, animals, minerals, and diseased tissues, and are prepared through serial dilution. In the US, homeopathic remedies are regulated by the FDA and prepared according to the Homeopathic Pharmacopeia of the United States. Homeopathy is growing in popularity worldwide due to its ability to treat individuals holistically without side effects, replacing conventional drugs for many acute and chronic conditions in both humans and animals.
Homeopathy Introduced to Ministry of Public Health AfghansitanAbdul Nasir
This presentation was presented by Dr. Abdul Nasir Qayyumi - Medical Director for CTTC-Medical Department. This presentation was presented in MoPH to support the proposal of a Directorate to be established to control all activities related to the Homeopathic Medical System in Afghanistan. Presented at 3:00pm,on Sunday, 23rd Dec 2012. www.cttc-af.org
Homeopathy is a holistic therapy based on the principle of "like treats like" where ultradiluted substances that can cause symptoms are given to trigger the body's natural healing response. The causes of ill health according to homeopathy can include family tendencies, reactions to stress, injuries, lingering infections, and medication side effects. Remedies made from minerals, plants, and animals are selected based on an in-depth case history to match the individual's unique symptoms and constitution. Improvement is seen as sleep, sensitivities, energy, and essential functions improve and niggly symptoms disappear.
This document provides an overview of homeopathy, including its history starting in the late 1700s, key concepts like "like cures like" and highly diluted doses, common misconceptions, and lack of scientific evidence that it is effective. It notes homeopathy involves treating patients with substances that are diluted to such an extreme degree that there are likely no active molecules remaining. The document concludes that homeopathy is essentially no different than a placebo.
The document discusses the history and evolution of potentization in homeopathy. It explains that potentization is a process developed by Hahnemann to awaken the latent healing properties of substances through successive dilutions and succussions. Over the course of his career from the late 18th to early 19th century, Hahnemann experimented with decreasing doses and introduced concepts like dynamization to describe how potentization enhances a substance's therapeutic effects. The document outlines the key phases and discoveries that contributed to Hahnemann's refinement of potentization methods and potency scales in homeopathic medicine.
This document provides information about Morwenna Given and her medical herbalism practice. She combines holistic treatment with the healing properties of plants to help people achieve optimal health. Her training includes 6 years of university, hospital, and clinical settings in herbal medicine, pharmacology, and working with conventional medicine. Plant medicine has been shown to be safe and effective for treating conditions like depression and anxiety by addressing biochemical imbalances and hormonal issues through adaptogens, nervines, and bitters. The document outlines treatment approaches involving herbal compounds and lifestyle changes to treat the underlying causes of issues rather than just the symptoms.
This document discusses chapters 1-3 of a book on Indigenous views of wholistic medicine and Iroquois medical botany. It outlines the chapters and provides details on Iroquois conceptions of health, illness, and folk medicine. Specifically, it describes how the Iroquois viewed imbalances in human beings as caused by offensive behaviors, taboo violations, unfulfilled desires, or things/events/people that radiate evil. It also discusses Iroquois categories of illness and how folk medicines work to restore spiritual balance based on the principle that all things have a life force and imbalance implies a disruption of that force.
This document summarizes research on the effects of Energy Psychology techniques like EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques). It discusses several studies that found EFT reduced anxiety, depression, PTSD and physical symptoms in healthcare workers and veterans. Meta-analyses found very large treatment effects for EFT in reducing depression, anxiety and PTSD. Other studies discussed found EFT reduced cortisol levels and improved immune function. A gene expression study found EFT altered the expression of genes related to immune function and inflammation. The document argues that consciousness and thoughts can impact biological processes by altering molecular signaling and hormone levels.
The document discusses holistic health coaching and self-healing. It explains that people are naturally healthy but their self-regulation mechanisms can fail, preventing natural self-healing. Holistic health coaching analyzes connections between a person's illness and other aspects of their life to identify reasons for resistance to healing. It addresses imbalances at physical, emotional, mental and spiritual levels to support the body's natural self-healing abilities. The coaching introduces tools like a suffering-maintaining index to assess a patient's openness to healing and gauge how deeply illness has become tied to their identity. The goal is to give patients clarity and resolve underlying causes, empowering self-healing.
Hahnemann proposed the law of homeopathy in 1796: “Like Cures Like,” or in Latin, “Similia Similibus Curantur.” Homoeopathy is based on inductive method of reasoning.
Homeopathy can play an important role in addressing common health issues faced by school-going children. It discusses lifestyle issues like obesity, allergies, and stress-related problems. For obesity, homeopathy aims to reduce cravings, improve metabolism, and control hypoglycemia. For allergies, it seeks to improve resistance and regulate immune response. Homeopathy has also shown success in improving mental health symptoms and addressing conditions like anxiety, aggression, and learning disorders. An integrated approach including homeopathy, lifestyle changes, counseling, and school support is recommended to help prevent and manage health issues in children.
THE UNSPOKEN ABOUT CANCER | A perspective soulmindmagicK
This document discusses cancer from a mind-body perspective. It notes that cancer is a survival strategy of the body in response to distress and indicates disharmony within. Mind-body medicine aims to nurture healthy immune traits, nullify old coping mechanisms, and create new pathways for self-evolution. Several practitioners are cited discussing links between unresolved conflicts or emotions and cancer's development in specific organs. A holistic four-pronged approach is advocated focusing on attitude, beliefs, emotional release, guided imagery, hypnotherapy, diet, and self-expression to repair, rejuvenate, restore and recreate health.
Homeopathy treats the whole person rather than just the disease based on the principle of "like cures like" where a substance that causes symptoms can cure similar symptoms. Remedies are selected based on a patient's overall health picture and administered in extremely dilute doses. While some are skeptical of its effectiveness due to the dilute doses, supporters point to numerous randomized controlled trials and other evidence showing positive results for various common ailments like indigestion, joint pain, bruising, insomnia, eczema, and hay fever. A homeopathic consultation involves taking a full medical history to determine the best individualized remedy. Follow-up appointments assess treatment progress.
Homeopathy was founded by Samuel Hahnemann in the late 18th century. He was dissatisfied with conventional medical practices of his time which he felt were often harmful. Through experimenting on himself with cinchona bark, he discovered the principle of "like cures like" - that substances which cause symptoms in healthy individuals can be used to treat sick people exhibiting similar symptoms. He advocated highly diluting substances and administering them based on a patient's complete symptom picture rather than their diagnosis. This practice of individualized treatment based on symptoms rather than diseases is a core tenet of homeopathy.
A systematic review of the quality of homeopathic clinical trialshome
While a number of reviews of homeopathic clinical trials have been done, all have
used methods dependent on allopathic diagnostic classifications foreign to homeopathic practice.
In addition, no review has used established and validated quality criteria allowing direct comparison
of the allopathic and homeopathic literature.
A Psychiatric emergency is a disturbance in thought, mood or action which causes sudden stress to the individual or sudden disability, thus requiring immediate management.
This document provides information about Dr. S.S. Adi's Homoeopathic clinic in Belgaum, India. It discusses the history and principles of homoeopathy as discovered by Dr. Samuel Hahnemann in 1796. The clinic treats patients using individualized homoeopathic remedies based on each person's unique symptoms. The document presents several cases that were successfully treated at the clinic for conditions like psoriasis, alopecia, filariasis, and verruca. It emphasizes that homoeopathy is a natural and non-violent method of treatment.
This document is a translation of Samuel Hahnemann's Organon of Medicine, which outlines the principles of homeopathic medicine. It introduces homeopathy as a system that cures disease by treating the whole symptom picture based on the principle of using remedies that can produce similar symptoms in healthy people. The translator provides context on Hahnemann's work and the need for a new English translation to make the concepts more clear and accessible to modern readers. The introduction is followed by Hahnemann's original text from the sixth edition of the Organon.
This document provides an overview of homeopathy as a medical system. It discusses the history and principles of homeopathy beginning with Hippocrates and Paracelsus. Samuel Hahnemann is credited with formally establishing homeopathy in the late 18th century based on the principles of similia similibus curentur and potentization. The document outlines homeopathy's pharmacology including source of medicines, methods of potentization, and common forms of administration. It also summarizes research that has been conducted on homeopathy, showing evidence of its effectiveness in treating various conditions including respiratory infections and its success in epidemic settings.
A slideshow by Deborah Olenev CCH RSHom (NA) comparing the Western Medicine therapeutic model and ideologies with the Homeopathic perspective on healing and the influence on the COVID19 response. Links to resources are given.
Homoeopathy is a science and this presentation explores the methodology behind understanding, analysing the disease and prescribing medicine to the patient. It defines the key milestones that if followed diligently by any physician can help him end up with a remedy which may prove out to be a panacea for all patient complaints.
Indigenous presentation - Indig medicine Emily Edwards
This document discusses Iroquois conceptions of health, illness, and medicine. It outlines how the Iroquois view all things as having a life force, and illness occurs when this balance is disrupted, which can happen through taboo violations, unfulfilled desires, encounters with evil things/events, or witchcraft. Symptoms are seen as manifestations of an imbalance in one's spirit. Treatment focuses on restoring balance, such as through ceremonies or herbal remedies. The document also discusses the etiological categories that illnesses may fall under and how these relate to symptoms.
The Role of Homeopathy in Farm Animalsacornorganic
Homeopathy is a system of medicine based on the principle that substances that cause symptoms in healthy people can cure similar symptoms in sick people. Homeopathic remedies come from plants, animals, minerals, and diseased tissues, and are prepared through serial dilution. In the US, homeopathic remedies are regulated by the FDA and prepared according to the Homeopathic Pharmacopeia of the United States. Homeopathy is growing in popularity worldwide due to its ability to treat individuals holistically without side effects, replacing conventional drugs for many acute and chronic conditions in both humans and animals.
Homeopathy Introduced to Ministry of Public Health AfghansitanAbdul Nasir
This presentation was presented by Dr. Abdul Nasir Qayyumi - Medical Director for CTTC-Medical Department. This presentation was presented in MoPH to support the proposal of a Directorate to be established to control all activities related to the Homeopathic Medical System in Afghanistan. Presented at 3:00pm,on Sunday, 23rd Dec 2012. www.cttc-af.org
Homeopathy is a holistic therapy based on the principle of "like treats like" where ultradiluted substances that can cause symptoms are given to trigger the body's natural healing response. The causes of ill health according to homeopathy can include family tendencies, reactions to stress, injuries, lingering infections, and medication side effects. Remedies made from minerals, plants, and animals are selected based on an in-depth case history to match the individual's unique symptoms and constitution. Improvement is seen as sleep, sensitivities, energy, and essential functions improve and niggly symptoms disappear.
This document provides an overview of homeopathy, including its history starting in the late 1700s, key concepts like "like cures like" and highly diluted doses, common misconceptions, and lack of scientific evidence that it is effective. It notes homeopathy involves treating patients with substances that are diluted to such an extreme degree that there are likely no active molecules remaining. The document concludes that homeopathy is essentially no different than a placebo.
The document discusses the history and evolution of potentization in homeopathy. It explains that potentization is a process developed by Hahnemann to awaken the latent healing properties of substances through successive dilutions and succussions. Over the course of his career from the late 18th to early 19th century, Hahnemann experimented with decreasing doses and introduced concepts like dynamization to describe how potentization enhances a substance's therapeutic effects. The document outlines the key phases and discoveries that contributed to Hahnemann's refinement of potentization methods and potency scales in homeopathic medicine.
This document provides information about Morwenna Given and her medical herbalism practice. She combines holistic treatment with the healing properties of plants to help people achieve optimal health. Her training includes 6 years of university, hospital, and clinical settings in herbal medicine, pharmacology, and working with conventional medicine. Plant medicine has been shown to be safe and effective for treating conditions like depression and anxiety by addressing biochemical imbalances and hormonal issues through adaptogens, nervines, and bitters. The document outlines treatment approaches involving herbal compounds and lifestyle changes to treat the underlying causes of issues rather than just the symptoms.
This document discusses chapters 1-3 of a book on Indigenous views of wholistic medicine and Iroquois medical botany. It outlines the chapters and provides details on Iroquois conceptions of health, illness, and folk medicine. Specifically, it describes how the Iroquois viewed imbalances in human beings as caused by offensive behaviors, taboo violations, unfulfilled desires, or things/events/people that radiate evil. It also discusses Iroquois categories of illness and how folk medicines work to restore spiritual balance based on the principle that all things have a life force and imbalance implies a disruption of that force.
This document summarizes research on the effects of Energy Psychology techniques like EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques). It discusses several studies that found EFT reduced anxiety, depression, PTSD and physical symptoms in healthcare workers and veterans. Meta-analyses found very large treatment effects for EFT in reducing depression, anxiety and PTSD. Other studies discussed found EFT reduced cortisol levels and improved immune function. A gene expression study found EFT altered the expression of genes related to immune function and inflammation. The document argues that consciousness and thoughts can impact biological processes by altering molecular signaling and hormone levels.
The document discusses holistic health coaching and self-healing. It explains that people are naturally healthy but their self-regulation mechanisms can fail, preventing natural self-healing. Holistic health coaching analyzes connections between a person's illness and other aspects of their life to identify reasons for resistance to healing. It addresses imbalances at physical, emotional, mental and spiritual levels to support the body's natural self-healing abilities. The coaching introduces tools like a suffering-maintaining index to assess a patient's openness to healing and gauge how deeply illness has become tied to their identity. The goal is to give patients clarity and resolve underlying causes, empowering self-healing.
Hahnemann proposed the law of homeopathy in 1796: “Like Cures Like,” or in Latin, “Similia Similibus Curantur.” Homoeopathy is based on inductive method of reasoning.
Homeopathy can play an important role in addressing common health issues faced by school-going children. It discusses lifestyle issues like obesity, allergies, and stress-related problems. For obesity, homeopathy aims to reduce cravings, improve metabolism, and control hypoglycemia. For allergies, it seeks to improve resistance and regulate immune response. Homeopathy has also shown success in improving mental health symptoms and addressing conditions like anxiety, aggression, and learning disorders. An integrated approach including homeopathy, lifestyle changes, counseling, and school support is recommended to help prevent and manage health issues in children.
THE UNSPOKEN ABOUT CANCER | A perspective soulmindmagicK
This document discusses cancer from a mind-body perspective. It notes that cancer is a survival strategy of the body in response to distress and indicates disharmony within. Mind-body medicine aims to nurture healthy immune traits, nullify old coping mechanisms, and create new pathways for self-evolution. Several practitioners are cited discussing links between unresolved conflicts or emotions and cancer's development in specific organs. A holistic four-pronged approach is advocated focusing on attitude, beliefs, emotional release, guided imagery, hypnotherapy, diet, and self-expression to repair, rejuvenate, restore and recreate health.
Homeopathy treats the whole person rather than just the disease based on the principle of "like cures like" where a substance that causes symptoms can cure similar symptoms. Remedies are selected based on a patient's overall health picture and administered in extremely dilute doses. While some are skeptical of its effectiveness due to the dilute doses, supporters point to numerous randomized controlled trials and other evidence showing positive results for various common ailments like indigestion, joint pain, bruising, insomnia, eczema, and hay fever. A homeopathic consultation involves taking a full medical history to determine the best individualized remedy. Follow-up appointments assess treatment progress.
Homeopathy was founded by Samuel Hahnemann in the late 18th century. He was dissatisfied with conventional medical practices of his time which he felt were often harmful. Through experimenting on himself with cinchona bark, he discovered the principle of "like cures like" - that substances which cause symptoms in healthy individuals can be used to treat sick people exhibiting similar symptoms. He advocated highly diluting substances and administering them based on a patient's complete symptom picture rather than their diagnosis. This practice of individualized treatment based on symptoms rather than diseases is a core tenet of homeopathy.
A systematic review of the quality of homeopathic clinical trialshome
While a number of reviews of homeopathic clinical trials have been done, all have
used methods dependent on allopathic diagnostic classifications foreign to homeopathic practice.
In addition, no review has used established and validated quality criteria allowing direct comparison
of the allopathic and homeopathic literature.
A Psychiatric emergency is a disturbance in thought, mood or action which causes sudden stress to the individual or sudden disability, thus requiring immediate management.
Calcarea carb is prepared from oyster shell and is suited for fair, fatty, flabby patients who are chilly and sensitive to cold. It is used for bone and glandular affections, respiratory troubles, and abdominal disorders. Key indications include delayed development, profuse sweating, sour discharges, craving for eggs and indigestible items, and aggravation from cold. It is useful for bronchial asthma, tuberculosis, soft and weak bones with delayed ossification, and pathological fractures.
1) O documento apresenta instruções sobre o uso da homeopatia no meio rural, geradas por agricultores com 11 anos de experiência na região da Vertente do Caparaó em Minas Gerais.
2) A homeopatia é regida por 4 leis e tem como princípio curar doenças restaurando o equilíbrio da totalidade do corpo, não apenas os sintomas.
3) O documento discute a importância da homeopatia para a produção orgânica e agroecológica de forma sustentável, preservando a saúde do
O documento fornece um guia completo sobre homeopatia. Explica o que é homeopatia, como funciona baseado na lei dos semelhantes, sua história desde Samuel Hahnemann no século 18, como os remédios homeopáticos são feitos através de diluições e dinamizações, os principais tipos de remédios, e como a consulta com um homeopata funciona.
Livro Homeopatia: Medicamentos Homeopáticos de A a Z - Eduardo EgistoEduardo Egisto
O Cancerinismo não é formado apenas pela Psora e Luetismo, e sim pela interligação de todos os miasmas, especialmente a Sicose e o Luetismo. Alguns homeopatas não aprofundam a dinâmica miasmática e afirmam erroneamente que o Cancerinismo se forma apenas pela ação da Psora e Luetismo. Na verdade, os miasmas são interligados e cada um herda características dos outros.
La homeopatía es una medicina alternativa fundada por Samuel Hahnemann basada en el principio de que sustancias que producen síntomas similares a los del paciente pueden curarlos. Aunque reconocida oficialmente en México en 1895, la homeopatía es considerada pseudocientífica debido a su falta de evidencia científica y se cree que funciona como un efecto placebo. Según sus principios, sólo se administra una medicina a la vez y la menor cantidad posible es la más eficaz, requiriendo un examen para determinar el medicamento correct
A Review of Homeopathic Research in the Treatment of Respiratory Allergieshome
This document summarizes research on using homeopathy to treat respiratory allergies. It discusses:
1) Several clinical trials that found homeopathic treatments reduced symptoms of hay fever and allergic rhinitis more than placebos.
2) A review of the evidence from controlled trials suggests homeopathy can effectively treat respiratory allergies.
3) Basic experimental studies also provide evidence that the effects of homeopathy differ from placebo.
The document discusses the transition from homeopathy to physiological regulating medicine (PRM). While homeopathy is based on the principle of treating "like with like" using highly diluted substances, PRM was developed by an Italian research group inspired by homeopathy but aiming to have a more scientifically valid treatment approach based on the latest immunology and neuroendocrinology discoveries. Key aspects of homeopathy discussed include the principle of similarity in symptom matching, and the use of potentized dilutions, which some research has found can induce physical changes in water and potentially have physiological effects.
The document discusses the transition from homeopathy to physiological regulating medicine (PRM). While homeopathy is based on the principle of treating "like with like" using highly diluted substances, PRM was developed by an Italian research group inspired by homeopathy but aiming to have a more scientifically valid treatment approach based on the latest immunology and neuroendocrinology discoveries. Key aspects of homeopathy discussed include the principle of similarity in symptom matching, and the use of potentized dilutions, which some research has found can induce physical changes in water and potentially have physiological effects.
Pediatrician, Certi fi ed in Pediatric Oncology , Homeopath , Paris , Francehome
Scienti fi c medicine has achieved indispensable
progress in pediatric cancer therapy, however,
with treatments entailing numerous adverse
effects and thus signi fi cant loss of quality of life.
Homeopathy can diminish these side effects and
strengthen the overall condition of the child, and
should be regarded as a respectable complementary
therapy in pediatric hemato-oncology.
Further scienti fi c research should be performed
to promote and facilitate homeopathic
practice as an integrative part of pediatric cancer
care.
Homeopathy practitioners should be encouraged
to practice responsibly and openly and to
contribute to and participate in the scienti fi c discussion.
Hemato-oncologists should be encouraged
to open their minds to appropriate
complementary methods and to enter into an
open and critical dialog with CAM-competent
colleagues, in order to ensure quali fi ed guidance
and maximum well-being for each child and its
family.
Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann is considered the founder of homeopathy. He developed the principle of "similars" - that a substance can cure symptoms in a healthy individual that are similar to those of an illness. Hahnemann experimented by administering potential remedies to healthy subjects to record their symptoms, known as "homeopathic provings". He also proposed three chronic diseases or "miasms" - psora, syphilis, and sycosis. Later, other proposed miasms included tuberculosis and cancer. Some homeopaths experimented with combining remedies for different symptoms, but Hahnemann was skeptical it could lead to polypharmacy. While homeopathy has changed over 200
This document provides an overview of homeopathy, including its history, mechanisms, research evidence, and applications for issues related to lactation and pediatrics. It discusses Samuel Hahnemann's development of homeopathy in the 18th century, various hypotheses for its mechanisms of action, research on its effects in animals and humans, and some studies on its use for acute infections, mastitis, gastrointestinal issues, and lactation pain in children and animals.
Homeopathy is a type of alternative medicine that treats diseases with highly diluted substances that produce similar symptoms to the disease in healthy individuals. It is based on three principles: that a substance can cure symptoms it causes in healthy people, that it works based on the body's sensitivity, and that remedies encourage healing. While supporters claim it is effective for many ailments with few side effects, critics argue it is not scientifically valid as the dilutions are too small to have an active ingredient, and any effects are due to the placebo effect rather than the remedies themselves. The debate around its efficacy and whether it should be considered a legitimate medical option continues.
This document discusses Ayurvedic formulations known as Asava and Arista. Asava and Arista are medicinal preparations made by soaking herbs in a solution of sugar or jaggery that then undergoes fermentation to produce alcohol, extracting active principles from the herbs. The key differences are that Asava is prepared without boiling the herbs, while Arista involves boiling. Standardization of these formulations ensures a defined content of constituents with known therapeutic activity. The document outlines the methods of preparing Asava and Arista, including use of fermentation pots, addition of herbs, and precautions to ensure cleanliness during the process.
This document discusses Ayurvedic formulations known as Asava and Arista. It begins by defining Asava and Arista as medicinal preparations made by soaking herbs in a solution of sugar or jaggery that undergoes fermentation to produce alcohol, extracting active principles and allowing long preservation. It then describes the methods of preparing Asava, where herbs are soaked in water without boiling, and Arista, where herbs are boiled. General precautions for production are outlined. The key characteristics are that the filtered final products have alcohol that acts as a preservative while delivering active principles.
The document discusses Ayurvedic medicine and holistic therapies. It provides an overview of Ayurveda, including its key concepts like the tridosha theory. Several studies are summarized that provide evidence supporting the tridosha theory and its relationship to hemispheric dominance and genetic phenotypes. The document also discusses homeopathic medicine, its history, key principles like similars and potentization, and how it differs from herbalism and conventional medicine.
This document discusses Ayurvedic formulations known as Asava and Arista. Asava and Arista are medicinal preparations made by soaking herbs in a solution of sugar or jaggery that then undergoes fermentation to produce alcohol, extracting active principles from the herbs. The key differences are that Asava is prepared without boiling the herbs, while Arista involves boiling. Standardization of these formulations ensures a defined content of constituents with known therapeutic activity. The document outlines the methods of preparing Asava and Arista, including use of fermentation pots, addition of herbs, and precautions to ensure cleanliness during the process.
This document discusses Ayurvedic formulations known as Asava and Arista. It begins by defining Asava and Arista as medicinal preparations made by soaking herbs in a solution of sugar or jaggery that undergoes fermentation to produce alcohol, extracting active principles and allowing long preservation. It then describes the methods of preparing Asava, where herbs are soaked in water, and Arista, where herbs are boiled. General precautions for production are outlined. The key characteristics are that the filtered final products have alcohol that acts as a preservative while delivering active principles.
1. Homeopathy was founded in 1796 by Samuel Hahnemann and is based on the principles of using highly diluted substances to treat medical conditions based on the idea that "like cures like."
2. Research on homeopathy has had mixed results, with some studies finding it effective for certain conditions and others finding no effects beyond a placebo. Major reviews in Australia and Europe found no reliable evidence that homeopathy is effective.
3. Proper clinical research methods and larger sample sizes are still needed to fully validate the effectiveness of homeopathic treatments according to some researchers and practitioners. Advocates argue its individualized approach needs to be studied differently than conventional medicine.
Homeopathy and mainstream medicine: a dialogue of the deaf?home
homeopathy is enigmatic, uniquely, it traces its
intellectual ancestry to the European enlightenment – the
same intellectual source as modern western scientific
medicine. Its founder, Samuel Hahnemann was steeped
in enlightenment values, even to the extent of writing the
highest ideal of Enlightenment thought, rationalism, into
the title of his magnum opus the Organon der rationellen
Heilkunde. He strongly held the enlightenment view that
knowledge is not innate, but comes only from observation
guided by reason, insisting that: ‘The pure, characteristic,
curative virtues of medicines cannot be apprehended
by specious a priori sophistry, or from the smell,
taste or appearance of the medicine, or from chemical
analysis.’
Homeopathy is an alternative medical system developed in Germany that treats patients with highly diluted substances that are meant to activate the body's natural healing abilities. It is based on two key principles: "like cures like" where a substance that causes symptoms in a healthy person can treat similar symptoms in a sick person, and the "law of minimum dose" stating that lower doses are more effective. While some clinical trials have shown homeopathy to be effective for certain conditions, there is no strong scientific evidence that the highly diluted substances retain any medicinal effect. Homeopathy is generally considered safe when practiced by trained professionals, but unregulated homeopathic treatments can potentially cause adverse effects.
Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Epilepsyhome
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has
become much in vogue, and CAM practitioners have
increased in tandem with this. The trend of using
CAM for treating epilepsy does not differ from that
in other medical conditions, with nearly one half of
patients using CAM. In this article we review the major
complementary and alternative medicines used for treatment
of epilepsy. They include mind-body medicines
such as reiki and yoga; biologic-based medicine such as
herbal remedies, dietary supplements, and homeopathy;
and manipulative-based medicine such as chiropractic.
In the available literature, there is a sense of the merit
of these therapies in epilepsy, but there is a paucity of
research in these areas. Individualized therapies such
as homeopathy and reiki cannot be compared with
medicines in a conventional pharmaceutical model.
Hence, many studies are inconclusive. In a science of
double-blind, randomized controlled trials, appropriate
designs and outcome measurements need to be tailored
to CAM. This article explains the principles of the major
CAM therapies in epilepsy, and discusses peer-reviewed
literature where available. More effort needs to be
put into future trials, with the assistance of qualified
CAM professionals to ensure conformation to their
therapeutic principles.
This document provides information about homeopathic medicine. It begins with an outline of topics to be covered, including the history and principles of homeopathy. Homeopathy is based on three main principles: the Law of Similars, the Law of Proving, and the Law of Potentization. Homeopathic medicines are prepared through a process of serial dilution and succussion. They contain very small, non-toxic amounts of the original substance. The document compares homeopathy to traditional and herbal medicine. It also discusses homeopathy's history and development by Samuel Hahnemann in the late 1700s.
Homeopathy is an alternative veterinary treatment approach that considers the whole animal, including mind, body, lifestyle and nutrition factors. It works by treating animals with highly diluted substances that would produce similar symptoms in a healthy animal. While controversial due to lack of explanation by modern science, homeopathy is used to treat various animal conditions like arthritis, lameness and diarrhea. Proper study is needed to understand its effects and ensure ethical practice.
The document explores the use of plant-based remedies in homeopathy, discussing how plants have been used as remedies dating back to Hippocrates. It outlines how the active constituents of plants play a role in their medicinal properties and notes some commonly used plant remedies like Arnica montana, Chamomilla, and Belladonna. The document also summarizes challenges in the field like skepticism faced and the need for standardized regulatory frameworks and further research on mechanisms of action and dosing of plant-based homeopathic remedies.
Ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology involve the scientific study of how different ethnic groups use plants for medicinal purposes. The document discusses the impact of ethnobotany on herbal drug evaluation and traditional medicine. It describes how ethnobotany helps identify new plant-based drugs and molecular models through processes like bioassay-guided purification and structure elucidation. Ethnopharmacology plays a key role in evaluating traditionally used herbal medicines and validating their therapeutic effects through controlled clinical studies.
Similar to A review of the use and role of low potencies in homeopathy (20)
Homeopahty, el proyecto de un Sistema de Salud, protagonistas, fundadores, ideólogos históricos, las iniciativas de Medicina Alternativa Complementaria CAM.
Homeopathy—quackery or a key to the future of medicine?home
When cholera first invaded Europe in 1831, the
mortality throughout Europe was generally between
40% and 60%. To the surprise of many, mortality
rates reported by homeopathic physicians was generally
below 10%, and commonly under 4%. Let me
present two typical cholera reports, which have a
stamp of officialdom. The first one comes from the
territory of Raab in Hungary where in 1831 a
Dr Joseph Bakody treated 223 patients with mild to
severe cholera, 14 of which were in a state of collapse .
He lost a total of 8 patients, a mortality of 3.6%. A
similar situation occurred in Cincinnati in 1849. The
Board of Health issued an order calling for physicians
to report all cases of cholera. Reports of a high
mortality rate were received by the Board from the city
hospital and allopathic physicians. However, six
homeopathic physicians attracted national attention
when they reported not a single death out of their first
350 cases of cholera. Two of these homeopathic
physicians, Dr Pulte and Ehrmann would eventually
report treating 2646 cases with 35 deaths, or a
mortality rate of 1.3%. Allopaths reported fatal
outcomes in about 50% of their cases.
Homeopathy in the treatment of fibromyalgia A comprehensive literature-review...home
Given the low number and included trials and the lowmethodological quality, any conclusion based on the resultsof this review have to be regarded as preliminary. However,as single case studies and clinical trials indicate a positiveeffect, homeopathy could be considered a complementarytreatment for patients with fibromyalgia
Homeopathy as replacement to antibiotics in the case of Escherichia coli diar...home
The use of antibiotics in the livestock sector is increasing to such an extent
that it threatens negative consequences for human health, animal health and the environment.
Homeopathy might be an alternative to antibiotics. It has therefore been tested in
a randomised placebo-controlled trial to prevent Escherichia coli diarrhoea in neonatal
piglets.
Multidrugresistant tuberculosis
Among the most menacing forms of MDR is multidrug
resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). WHO estimates that
were about 450,000 new cases and 170,000 deaths from
MDR-TB in 2012. The number of cases reported to
WHO rose by an alarming 35% between 2011 and 2012,
although this probably mostly reflects increased recognition
and reporting. Over half the new cases were in India,
China or the Russian Federation.3
This issue of Homeopathy features a paper by Dr Kusum
Chand and colleagues reporting a randomized, double blind,
placebo-controlled clinical trial of individualized homeopathic
treatment or placebo in addition to standard antituberculous
chemotherapy as specified by the Indian Revised
National Tuberculosis Control Program, for MDR-TB
articleHealth professionals’ and families’ understanding of the role ofindivi...home
This paper draws on a mixed methods study that examined the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial of individualisedhomeopathy plus usual care, compared to usual care alone, for children aged 7–14 with moderate to severe asthma recruited from secondary care.It draws on qualitative interviews with participants in the feasibility study that investigated families’ and professionals’ views and experiences ofasthma, homeopathy and study participation
Harm in homeopathy: Aggravations, adverse drug events or medication errors?home
This study prospectively observed 335 follow-up visits of 181 patients receiving homeopathic treatment between June 2003 and June 2004. The study aimed to assess harm from homeopathic medicines by reporting any adverse drug events. Nine adverse reactions were reported, representing 2.68% of follow-up visits. Most events were minor and transient. One case involved an allergic reaction to lactose, an excipient in the granules. The study concludes that while adverse events to homeopathic drugs do occur, they are rare and not typically severe.
Cutting Edge Research in Homeopathy: HRI’s second international research conf...home
Rome, 3rde5th June 2015, was the setting for the Homeopathy Research Institute’s (HRI)
second conference with the theme ‘Cutting Edge Research in Homeopathy’. Attended by
over 250 delegates from 39 countries, this event provided an intense two and a half day
programme of presentations and a forum for the sharing of ideas and the creation of international
scientific collaborations. With 35 oral presentations from leaders in the field,
the scientific calibre of the programme was high and the content diverse. This report
summarises the key themes underpinning the cutting edge data presented by the
speakers, including six key-note presentations, covering advancements in both basic
and clinical research. Given the clear commitment of the global homeopathic community
to high quality research, the resounding success of both Barcelona 2013 and
Rome 2015 HRI conferences, and the dedicated support of colleagues, the HRI moves
confidently forward towards the next biennial conference
CORE-Hom: A powerful and exhaustive database of clinical trials in homeopathyhome
The CORE-Hom database was created to answer the need for a reliable and publicly available
source of information in the field of clinical research in homeopathy. As of May 2014
it held 1048 entries of clinical trials, observational studies and surveys in the field of homeopathy,
including second publications and re-analyses. 352 of the trials referenced in
the database were published in peer reviewed journals, 198 of which were randomised
controlled trials. The most often used remedies were Arnica montana (n = 103) and
Traumeel (n = 40). The most studied medical conditions were respiratory tract infections
(n = 126) and traumatic injuries (n = 110). The aim of this article is to introduce
the database to the public, describing and explaining the interface, features and content
of the CORE-Hom database.
Observations about controlled clinical trials expressed by Max Haidvogl
in the book Ultra High Dilution (1994) have been appraised from a perspective two
decades later. The present commentary briefly examines changes in homeopathy
research evidence since 1994 as regards: the published number of randomised controlled
trials (RCTs), the use of individualised homeopathic intervention, the ‘proven efficacy of
homeopathy’, and the quality of the evidence.
Clinical trial of homeopathy in rheumatoid arthritishome
The conclusion of the study that the effect was due to
‘consultation’ and not to the homeopathic remedy appears
to be biased for two reasons:
There was no substantial amelioration of the pathology
in any group to compare and on which to base conclusions.
The placebo effect in such deep pathology cases is superficial
and transient as the patient remains in essence with
the same frame of pathology.
Blisters and homeopathy: case reports and differential diagnosishome
This document reports on 5 case studies of patients with blistering skin conditions who were successfully treated with homeopathic medicines. It begins with an introduction on blisters and bullous diseases, which are classified as autoimmune or genetic disorders. Homeopathy considers each patient's full symptom picture rather than just the classification or mechanism. The case studies demonstrate homeopathic treatments for pemphigus vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, toxic blisters, bullous lupus, and bullous pemphigoid using individualized remedies like Rhus toxicodendron, Calcarea sulphurica, Ranunculus sceleratus, Ranunculus bulbosus, and others. Complete recovery or significant improvement was achieved
A short history of the development of homeopathy in Indiahome
Homeopathy was introduced in India the early 19th century. It flourished in Bengal at first,
and then spread all over India. In the beginning, the system was extensively practised by
amateurs in the civil and military services and others. Mahendra Lal Sircar was the first
Indian who became a homeopathic physician. A number of allopathic doctors started
homeopathic practice following Sircar’s lead. The ‘Calcutta Homeopathic Medical
College’, the first homeopathic medical college was established in 1881. This institution
took on a major role in popularising homeopathy in India.
In 1973, the Government of India recognised homeopathy as one of the national systems of
medicine and set up the Central Council of Homeopathy (CCH) to regulate its education
and practice. Now, only qualified registered homeopaths can practice homeopathy in
India. At present, in India, homeopathy is the third most popular method of medical treatment
after allopathy and Ayurveda. There are over 200,000 registered homeopathic doctors
currently, with approximately 12,000 more being added every year.
Utilization of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) among children fr...home
A homeopathy user utilized on average homeopathic remedies worth EUR 15.28. The corresponding figure for herbal
drug users was EUR 16.02, and EUR 18.72 for overall medicinal CAM users.
CAM use among 15-year-old children in the GINIplus cohort is popular, but decreased noticeably compared
with children from the same cohort at the age of 10 years. This is possibly mainly because German health legislation
normally covers CAM for children younger than 12 years only.
Complementary medical health services: a cross sectional descriptive analysis...home
This summary analyzes a research article describing a cross-sectional study of patient data from the largest naturopathic teaching clinic in Canada. The study aimed to describe the patient demographics, health conditions, and services provided at the clinic over three years. Key findings include:
- Over 13,000 unique patients received care in over 76,000 visits. The median patient age was 37 and most patients were female.
- Common health concerns included those consistent with primary care like chronic health conditions. Obtaining health education and help with chronic issues were top reasons for visits.
- Services provided included herbal medicines, homeopathy, acupuncture, and nutrition counseling.
- The clinic attracts patients from a
Prayer-for-health and complementary alternative medicine use among Malaysian ...home
CAM use was prevalent among breast cancer patients. Excluding PFH from the definition of CAM
reduced the prevalence of overall CAM use. Overall, CAM use was associated with higher education levels and
household incomes, advanced cancer and lower chemotherapy schedule compliance. Many patients perceived
MBP to be beneficial for improving overall well-being during chemotherapy. These findings, while preliminary,
clearly indicate the differences in CAM use when PFH is included in, and excluded from, the definition of CAM
Extreme sensitivity of gene expression in human SH-SY5Y neurocytes to ultra-l...home
The study shows that Gelsemium s., a medicinal plant used in traditional remedies and
homeopathy, modulates a series of genes involved in neuronal function. A small, but statistically significant,
response was detected even to very low doses/high dilutions (up to 30c), indicating that the human neurocyte
genome is extremely sensitive to this regulation.
Calcarea carbonica induces apoptosis in cancer cells in p53-dependent manner ...home
These observations delineate the significance of immuno-modulatory circuit during calcarea carbonicamediated
tumor apoptosis. The molecular mechanism identified may serve as a platform for involving calcarea
carbonica into immunotherapeutic strategies for effective tumor regression
P05.39. Clinical experiences of homeopaths participating in a study of the ho...home
Homeopathic medications and dietary protocols were
found to be easily adapted for use in a clinical trial. These
observations provide insights for future research in the
area of homeopathic treatment (for ADHD in particular
and of homeopathy in general) and provide insights for
the potential integration of homeopathic practice into conventional
settings.
P04.71. Acupuncture, self-care homeopathy, and practitioner-based homeopathy:...home
The relationship between acupuncture use and depression
deserves further investigation. Given high levels of
concern about overuse of antibiotics in respiratory infections,
further research into the efficacy and cost-effectiveness
of homeopathy for these conditions is
warranted. Hopefully, future versions of NHIS-CAM
will provide more realistic estimates of expenditures.
The Children are very vulnerable to get affected with respiratory disease.
In our country, the respiratory Disease conditions are consider as major cause for mortality and Morbidity in Child.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/RvdYsTzgQq8
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/ECILGWtgZko
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montreal
Congestive Heart failure is caused by low cardiac output and high sympathetic discharge. Diuretics reduce preload, ACE inhibitors lower afterload, beta blockers reduce sympathetic activity, and digitalis has inotropic effects. Newer medications target vasodilation and myosin activation to improve heart efficiency while lowering energy requirements. Combination therapy, following an assessment of cardiac function and volume status, is the most effective strategy to heart failure care.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Gene therapy can be broadly defined as the transfer of genetic material to cure a disease or at least to improve the clinical status of a patient.
One of the basic concepts of gene therapy is to transform viruses into genetic shuttles, which will deliver the gene of interest into the target cells.
Safe methods have been devised to do this, using several viral and non-viral vectors.
In the future, this technique may allow doctors to treat a disorder by inserting a gene into a patient's cells instead of using drugs or surgery.
The biggest hurdle faced by medical research in gene therapy is the availability of effective gene-carrying vectors that meet all of the following criteria:
Protection of transgene or genetic cargo from degradative action of systemic and endonucleases,
Delivery of genetic material to the target site, i.e., either cell cytoplasm or nucleus,
Low potential of triggering unwanted immune responses or genotoxicity,
Economical and feasible availability for patients .
Viruses are naturally evolved vehicles that efficiently transfer their genes into host cells.
Choice of viral vector is dependent on gene transfer efficiency, capacity to carry foreign genes, toxicity, stability, immune responses towards viral antigens and potential viral recombination.
There are a wide variety of vectors used to deliver DNA or oligo nucleotides into mammalian cells, either in vitro or in vivo.
The most common vector system based on retroviruses, adenoviruses, herpes simplex viruses, adeno associated viruses.
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)MuskanShingari
Statistics- Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.
A statistics is a measure which is used to estimate the population parameter
Parameters-It is used to describe the properties of an entire population.
Examples-Measures of central tendency Dispersion, Variance, Standard Deviation (SD), Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Eigen Value
Discover the benefits of homeopathic medicine for irregular periods with our guide on 5 common remedies. Learn how these natural treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve overall menstrual health.
Visit Us: https://drdeepikashomeopathy.com/service/irregular-periods-treatment/
2. 292 R. J¨utte, D. Riley
Contents
Introduction ................................................................................................ 292
Potency selection: a brief overview of the literature........................................................ 292
The organotropic and clinical use of homeopathic medicines................................................ 293
Homeopathy versus herbal medicine........................................................................ 293
Low versus high potencies in basic research................................................................. 294
Discussion................................................................................................... 295
References.................................................................................................. 295
Introduction
The debate on potency selection in homeopathy is
as old as homeopathy itself. Hahnemann experi-
mented extensively with the use of various types of
homeopathic potencies ranging from mother tinc-
tures to C and LM potencies. Towards the end of his
life Hahnemann used a variety of posological regi-
mens, according to the requirements of the case.1,2
In fact, the Organon was re-written five times,
each time with different instructions on the correct
posology that laid the foundation for the ongoing
debate on potency selection in homeopathy. From
a historical perspective, the predominant modes of
prescribing have covered the full spectrum from the
use of low potencies (including mother tinctures) to
the exclusive use of very high potencies. Presently,
there are a number of homeopathic schools3 with
varying approaches to the use of potencies. In ‘clas-
sical’ homeopathy over the past 50 years, the use
of higher potencies has become more common. This
was not always the case. The former president of
the Liga Medicorum Homeopathica Internationalis
(LMHI) Charles Edwin Wheeler (1868—1946) noted
that it was incorrect to state that high poten-
cies are invariably more effective than low ones.4
The theory of potency selection plays an impor-
tant role in homeopathic education even though
there is no clear scientific evidence favouring a
specific potency over the other. In this paper,
we will explore the existing literature on potency
selection, look at the organotropic and drainage
use of low potencies, discuss the boundaries
between homeopathy and herbal medicine and
assess the use of low versus high potencies in basic
research.
Potency selection: a brief overview of
the literature
What is the difference between a ‘‘high’’ and a
‘‘low’’ potency or dilution. In practice, there is no
exactly defined distinction between high and low
potencies. For operational purposes, a distinction
is often based on the predicted likelihood (based
on Avogrado’s constant) of the presence of molecu-
lar traces of the original substances. This results in
a cut-off point of C12 or 24X/24D, equivalent to a
dilution of 10−24. Another approach is the likelihood
of any physiological response in vivo, which results
in a cut-off point of C9 or 18X/18D, equivalent to a
dilution of 10−18.
Except for some historical statistics from home-
opathic hospitals in Germany and Britain, very little
data is available on the relative use of low versus
high potencies, and such data is of course likely to
vary greatly between countries. In 1948, for exam-
ple, the German homeopathic physician Karl Saller
recorded the most frequently used homeopathic
medicines in the Stuttgart Homeopathic Hospital,
listing all in all 150 medicines. Many of these (24)
were administered as a mother tincture, most com-
monly low potencies ranging from 2X to 4X were
prescribed. Alfons Stiegele (1871—1956), the direc-
tor of this hospital and a leading homeopathic clin-
ician, usually did not prescribe potencies higher
than D 15.5 Between 1889 and 1923 the majority
of the homeopathic remedies given to patients in
the London Homeopathic Hospital were prescribed
in low potencies, usually 1X or 3X, and included
mother tinctures.6
Based on current sales of homeopathic medicinal
products, it can be stated that both high and low
potencies are very firmly established in the mar-
ket. Lower potencies are more often used for over-
the-counter (OTC) for self-care, either as single
substances or in combination products. High poten-
cies are more often used in classical homeopa-
thy. However, these are not firm distinctions. For
instance, one of the few available more recent sur-
veys on the use of potencies indicated that 60—70%
of homeopaths used mother tinctures in their prac-
tice, and 80—90% used both 6C as well as higher
potencies.7
Even though there is no formal consensus on the
rules of potency selection there are a number of
themes that emerge from the homeopathic litera-
ture, summarised in Table 1.
3. A review of the use and role of low potencies in homeopathy 293
Table 1 Common statements on potency selection in homeopathic literature
High potencies preferable if the emphasis of the symptoms is psychological
Low potencies if focus of symptoms is physical/organic, at least at the beginning of treatment
High potencies can/should be repeated less frequently, low potencies can be repeated more frequently
Low potencies are often used in acute cases. Due to the predominance of certain common, physical symptoms
in acute cases (rather than a fully developed individual symptomatology), it is often wiser to prescribe
in low potencies. Initial frequent administration of a low potency can also provide the organism with the
added stimulation required in acute diseases
Low potencies are often used in conjunction with patients on conventional medications
The use of constitutional medicines in low potencies can be used to facilitate the response to the same
remedy in a higher potency. In line with this, a low potency is often prescribed in tandem with a high
potency in chronic cases
The use of low potencies with a specific focus
on organ function was introduced in the 19th cen-
tury by Compton Burnett. This type of use of low
potencies was subsequently developed further in
Germany, France and Britain as part of more com-
prehensive homeopathic treatment approaches.
The organotropic and clinical use of
homeopathic medicines
The organotropic use of homeopathic medicines is
historically associated with the use of mother tinc-
tures or low potencies. Organotherapy is a ‘sim-
plified’ type of homeopathy where the level of
similarity is lower and small frequently repeated,
material doses are used. One of the pioneers of this
approach in homeopathy was J. Compton Burnett
(1840—1901), who noted at the end of the 19th cen-
tury that organic diseases could not be cured solely
by high potencies and he prescribed low potencies
and tinctures in many cases with apparent success.8
He also observed that the ‘constitutional’ diseases
(diatheses, etc.) could not be cured with homeo-
pathic medicines aimed at organ function alone.9
A similar development took place in 19th century
Germany, when (following 18th century ‘Enlight-
enment’) there was a strong emphasis on logical
positivism, rationalism and materialism in the nat-
ural sciences. Based on a desire to better align
homeopathy with the prevailing natural sciences,
D(ecimal) potencies were introduced in Germany
by Bruno Albert Vehsemeyer (1807—1871) in 1836.10
This dilution scale was also favoured by pharma-
cists, and subsequently D potencies were generally
introduced. Using a lower level of dilution (1 in 10
instead of 1 in 100 or 1 per 50,000) per potency step
ensured that homeopathic medicines were more
likely to be prescribed in ‘material’ doses. The use
of D potencies (or X potencies as referred to in the
English speaking countries) is therefore historically
associated with the use of low potencies. The clini-
cal use of low potencies in general, either as single
medicines or in fixed combinations, for their organ-
otropic effects were developed and promoted fur-
ther by Metzger, Leeser, Stauffer and Reckeweg11
and others. In the second half of the 20th century,
the Austrian homeopath Mathias Dorcsi12 devel-
oped the concept of ‘‘proven indications’’13 which
became popular in both Germany and Austria.
In France, Maury and others further developed
the organotropic use of homeopathic medicines
in low potencies under the heading ‘Drainage
Biotherapique’.14 The main elements of this
approach15 involve facilitating the organs and
immunological mechanisms to provoke and stimu-
late elimination of all that needs to be eliminated.
Here the prescriptions of homeopathic medications
are used to sustain, help or stimulate an organ or a
function (e.g. the immune system and drainage is
felt to take place within the context of a particular
constitutional diathesis. Medication is prescribed in
low potencies to achieve a local action based on a
clinical ‘similarity’ with regard to this diathesis.
The historical roots of ‘drainage’ go back to
the use of Psorinum by Constantine Hering to
reduce susceptibility for psoric affections.16 This
concept has been further developed in homeopa-
thy to address further aspects such as for instance
drainage of the liver, the kidney, and the blood.17
For the latter, low potencies or tinctures of veg-
etable substances such as Solidago, Equisetum
and Taraxicum are used. General drainage of the
immune system is also felt to take place with
medicines such as thymuline.18
Homeopathy versus herbal medicine
When medicines are used in mother tinctures,
one could argue that this is phytotherapy (herbal
medicine) rather than homeopathy. This touches
4. 294 R. J¨utte, D. Riley
on a long-standing debate about the distinction
between homeopathy, anthroposophical medicine,
and phytotherapy, which is particularly an issue
when medicines are prescribed either in mother
tinctures or in low potencies.19
In order to clarify this debate, it is impor-
tant to distinguish homeopathic medicines in their
own right from the clinical context in which such
medicines are applied. A homeopathic medici-
nal product (at any potency level) is clearly and
unequivocally defined as a product that has been
prepared in accordance with a homeopathic man-
ufacturing procedure as defined by the European
Pharmacopoeia or recognised national homeopathic
pharmacopoeias. In these pharmacopoeias, the
manufacturing of homeopathic mother tinctures
is defined following specific manufacturing pro-
cedures, which differ from the manufacturing of
phytotherapeutic tinctures. Therefore, the debate
is mainly linked to the therapeutic use of such
products. There is a significant overlap between
medicines used — traditionally — in phytotherapy
and in homeopathy (for instance Arnica montana)
and in many instances the clinical indications are
similar or even identical.
From a clinical perspective, there is currently
no consensus on the border between homeopathy
and phytotherapy, and it is sometimes hard to make
such a distinction. It could be argued that the main
distinction lies in the rationale behind the use of
the product: if a tincture is prescribed by a herbal-
ist on the basis of the available literature on the
use of herbs, it becomes phytotherapy rather than
homeopathy. If a (mother) tincture is prescribed on
the basis of the patient’s symptoms and signs in
accordance with the law of similars (with reference
to the homeopathic material medica) it becomes
homeopathy rather than phytotherapy.
In this context, further clarification is required
on the meaning of ‘in accordance with the law of
similars’. Medicines can be prescribed homeopathi-
cally in any potency either on a highly individualised
basis (e.g. totality of symptoms in classical home-
opathy) or on the basis of a more limited level of
similarity (e.g. based on clinical/local symptoms
and pathological signs). In either case, the deci-
sion is based on proving data and clinically verified
data as reflected in homeopathic Materia Medicas,
repertories, and published scientific information.
The other aspect to consider regarding ‘simi-
larity’ pertains to opposite effects occurring with
higher and lower doses, or with healthy and
sick persons. Reverse dose-dependent effects are
observed and utilised in conventional medicine
(for instance the use of low dose amphetamines
in hyperactive children) and in biology/toxicology
(low dose stimulatory effects, referred to as
‘hormetic’ responses).20 Also, proponents of phy-
totherapy argue that many phyto-pharmaceuticals
act on regulatory mechanisms, based on low dose
stimulatory effects.21
It is therefore mainly the use of data from home-
opathic pathogenetic trials (provings) as a source
for individualised prescribing that distinguishes the
homeopathic use of tinctures and low potencies
from the use of tinctures in phytotherapy.
In conclusion, whether a medicinal product is
homeopathic or not, is determined, from a phar-
maceutical perspective, by its production in accor-
dance with a recognised homeopathic pharma-
copoeia. Whether a medicinal product is homeo-
pathic or phytotherapeutic from a clinical perspec-
tive is determined by the rationale behind its use.
The use of tinctures and very low potencies is there-
fore not the exclusive domain of herbalists: it forms
an integral and essential part of the homeopathic
tradition.
Low versus high potencies in basic
research
We would briefly like to refer to the main strands
of basic research, with particular reference to
research on low versus high potencies. In our litera-
ture search we identified one study that specifically
asked the question if all homeopathic potencies
have a similar effect.22 The latter study found that
homeopathic potencies have a demonstrable effect
on the migration of leucocytes from house dust-
sensitive individuals and that not all potencies are
equally active. Despite varying activity of specific
potencies, there was no clear pattern that low
potencies were more effective than high potencies
or vice versa. In other basic research that asked
different questions than the effect of potency on
biological activity it has been noted that there are
variable effects at different potencies.23
It is probable that different explanatory frame-
works will be needed for biological effects of lower
versus higher potencies and that multiple mecha-
nisms of action may be possible.24 For instance,
the biological effects of high potencies have been
for the most part reproducibly established in a ‘his-
tamine model’.25,26 Similar to the house-dust mite
study,27 different potencies demonstrated differ-
ent effects (in this case in a wave-like pattern28)
throughout the potency spectrum. A homeopathic
approach that may relate to this involves the use
of preparations containing one or several active
substances in a variety of potencies, often called
‘potency chords’.
5. A review of the use and role of low potencies in homeopathy 295
A number of hypotheses have been put forward
to explain the biological action of high potencies.
One such theory refers to ‘entanglement’ based on
quantum theory.29 Another possible explanation is
the ‘Information Theory Hypothesis’, which states
that water and other polar solvents can under spe-
cific circumstances store specific information about
substances with which they have previously been
in contact and subsequently transmit this informa-
tion to presensitised biosystems.30,31 Despite the
emergence of promising hypotheses, the possible
mechanism of action of high potencies/dilutions is
currently not firmly established.
The potential explanations for the effects of high
potencies are different from the biological effects
associated with lower potencies/dilutions. The lat-
ter can be connected with conventional pharma-
cological, biological and toxicological models. For
instance the ‘hormesis’ hypothesis (from the Greek
word meaning ‘to excite’) of low dose stimula-
tory effects, referred to in homeopathy as the
Arndt—Schultz law for more than a century,32 is
increasingly recognized in conventional scientific
circles.33,34 The extensive research program of Van
Wijk and Wiegant35 provides further support for
links to the similia principle for biological and toxi-
cological models. The hormesis principle also offers
a way to integrate the dose—response paradigm
in conventional pharmacology36 with the reverse
dose-dependent model used in homeopathy. For
example, studies have shown that low doses of
antibiotics such as streptomycin enhance the repro-
duction of certain harmful strains of bacteria, while
killing these strains at higher doses.37 It is plausi-
ble that homeopathic drainage and detoxification in
low potencies as referred to above, utilizes these
hormetic mechanisms. On the other side, there are
authors who reject that homeopathy has anything
to do with hormesis.38,39
Another hypothesis is that homeopathy could be
acting through the molecular regulation of selected
biochemical pathways, as suggested by for instance
Chirumbolo et al.40
Research on the possible effects of homeopathic
products on plants (including seeds) is another
domain that may prove fruitful in the further elic-
itation of biological effects. The most promising
application in this respect appears to be experi-
ments with plants that show significant detoxifica-
tion (as assesses by growth modulation of seedlings)
in response to homeopathic potencies.41,42
A recent systematic review of in vitro research
with homeopathic potencies reported that 85% of
studies demonstrated a potency effect and that the
proportion of positive results (86%) remained con-
stant even among high quality experiments.43 While
more research is needed, the available data do not
suggest a consistent superiority of low potencies
versus high potencies or vice versa and both high
and low potencies are an integral part of homeo-
pathic prescribing.
Discussion
A goal in homeopathy is to prescribe the homeo-
pathic ‘similimum’ in either a low or high potency
to patients who have no impairment or blockage
in their capacity to respond. Exposures to conven-
tional treatments, ‘environmental stressors’ such
as bad diets, nicotine, alcohol, air contamination,
etc., are some of the factors that are believed
to reduce both the ‘clarity’ of the homeopathic
picture as well as the capacity of the patient to
respond and hence lead to alternative methods
of homeopathic prescribing and potency selection.
Both low and high potencies have been used suc-
cessfully, alone and together, since the beginning
of homeopathy and are inextricably linked, and a
vital part of the homeopathic heritage concerning
case management and posology.
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