This document discusses the laws and principles of homeopathic posology, which is the study of dosage in homeopathy. It covers the evolution of concepts of minimum dose from Hahnemann's early use of large doses to infinitesimal doses. Guidelines from different homeopaths on potency and dose selection are provided. The preparation, application and repetition of infinitesimal doses are examined. Factors affecting susceptibility and guidelines for potency and dose selection are outlined.

1. Presented By

2. HOMOEOPATHIC POSOLOGY (POSOLOGY =STUDY OF LAW OF DOSAGE.)

3. LAWS APPLIED IN POSOLOGY Law of dosage.

4. LAWS APPLIED IN POSOLOGY Law of quantity

5. LAWS APPLIED IN POSOLOGY Law of quality

6. LAWS APPLIED IN POSOLOGY Law of Repetition -Proving -Cure

7. DOSE Quantity of particular medicine administered to particular individual at a time

8. TYPES Physiological dose. Pathological dose. Toxic dose. Lethal dose. Therapeutic dose.

9. MINIMUM DOSE Least quantity of any substance required to affect a change in nature. Also known as sub physiological dose.

10. § 280- Minimum dose is defined as the quantity of medicine required to produce a scarcely perceptible homeopathic aggravation. Stuart close – A dose which is not capable of producing symptoms when used therapeutically .

11. EVOLUTION OF CONCEPT OF MINIMUM DOSE BY HAHNEMANN 1779-1799 Large and heroic doses of medicine. Mercury. Opium. 1799-1827 In acute and chronic cases. 2 nd and 3 rd dilution. Nature of disease => Dose. 1828- Onwards. Theory of chronic decease. Dose- Globule not bigger than poppy seed. 5 th edition of organon- 1/200 of a grain.

12. OBSERVATIONS. Medicines exhibited greater strength when given in dilutions than in dry state. Greater power when given in divided doses than given at once. Increasing power of a medicine by a thorough admixture of vehicle by means of succession.

13. To evade persecussion of apothecaries who tried legal proceeding against Hahnemann for invading up on their privileges for dispensing medicine. To avoid aggravation of disease when given in large doses.

14. WHY DOSE SHOLD BE MINIMUM Disease producing agent+Drug. To reduce the aggravation. Arnold-schutz- minimum dose stimulates medium of inhibits maximum destroys.

15. GUIDELINES BY DIFFERENT AUTHORS. HAHNEMANN. §279 – The dose of homeopathically selected remedy can never be prepared so small that it shall not be stronger than natural disease.

16. § 280 - let them learn from the mathematicians how true is that a substance divided into so many parts still contains its smallest part and the smallest part does not cease to have some substance.

17. § 281 - Every patient ever so robust will be effected by small conceivable dose.

18. Exception to infinitesimal dose § 282- when 3 great miasms while they still efflorescence on skin require from very beginning large doses of their specific remedies of higher and higher dynamisation daily.

19. STUART CLOSE 3 necessary requirements for the action of infinitesimal dose. Development of special virtues of medicine by dynamisation . Increased susceptibility to medicinal impression produced by the decease . Selection of symptomatically similar remedy.

20. H.A. ROBERT 3 fundamental laws Law of least action and quality . Law of quantity and dose. Law of quality.

21. Infinitismal dose is one which is so small as not to produce too much aggravation of the symptoms already present and never large enough to produce new symptoms .

22. CARROL DUNHAM Favours infinitesimal dose and at the same time states that there are many evidences in chronic disease that many medicines have acted in very large doses.

23. RICHARD HUGHS Unquestionable result with 6 th ,12 th an 30 th dilution .No practical knowledge of 200 th .

24. J.T.KENT There is difference in the activities of a given remedy in 30 th and 10M up on the same constitution. Very high potencies seldom require repetition in c/c disease. In severe a/c disease several doses in quick succession . It is better to begin lower and go higher and higher.

25. HOMOEOPATHIC POSOLOGY STUDY OF INFINITESIMAL DOSE Study of preparation of infinitesimal dose Application of infinitesimal dose Study of repetition of the dose

26. STUDY OF PREPARATION OF REMEDIES. Study of preparation of remedies- Pharmcopraxy. Mode of preparation: DECIMAL SCALE CENTESIMAL SCALE MILLESIMAL SCALE

27. Decimal scale. Herring introduced decimal scale. 1 part by weight of crude drug +9 part by weight of S.M- triturating for 1 hour. 1 part of drug succesed with 9 part of alcohol- 1 st potency.

28. Centesimal scale Introduced by Hahnemann . 1 part of Crud drug + 99 parts of S.M.Triturating for 1 hr. or 1 part of drug successed with 99 parts of alcohol.

29. Millesimal scale. Introduced in the 6 th edition of organon. § 270 In western world denoted as 1/0,2/0 India Bangladesh 0/1,0/2 or m/1,m/2

30. Hahnemann - L-stands for 50 M-Millesimal. Orgonon recommended up to LM/30 only. 0 , 0 or LM , LM 1 2 1 2

31. KORSAKOVIAN METHOD Single phial system. Succession Communication via infection

32. MIXED HAHNEMANNIAN & KORSAKOVIAN Begin with Hahenemannian mode of preparation up to 6 c or 30 c. Then use single phial method.

33. JENICHEN’S POTENCIES. As much vehicle as required to prepare 30 th dilution is taken. One drop of M.T is put in to it, 10 succession- 1 st dilution. Sufficient succession is given continuously until the desired potency is reached.

34. FINCKE’S METHOD. 100 drops of drug substance in a glass jug and a stream of distilled water is allowed flow through the same. For every drop of water entering and coming out- one potency.

35. SKINNER’S METHOD Skinner developed a method of potentisation which was some what similar to fincke’s method.

36. Q- Potency. Used to designate 50 millesimal potency.

37. APPLICATION OF INFINITESIMAL DOSE. Selection of potency and dose Route of administration of remedy Notion of quantity Notion of quality

38. SELECTION OF POTENCY AND DOSE

39. SUSCEPTIBILITY

40. FACTORS MODIFYING SUCCEPTIBILITY Age: Greatest -Young vigorous person Children Diminishes with age. Children particularly sensitive during development.

41. Constitution & temparament. High potencies Nervous Sanguine Aco,Hyos,N.M - Choleric N.V, Staph, Lyco Intelligent Quick to act & react Aurum, Tarent C.C- Zealous Impulsive

42. Lower potencies Torpid Phlegmatic Coarse fibred Sluggish Idiots imbecile, deaf and Dump.

43. Habit and environment. Susceptibility is increased by intelluctual occupation. - High potency. Greater Muscular power and Sedantary habit. - Low potency. Occupation Exposure to tobaco, chemicals, perfumes, brewers, druggist, distillary. - Low Potency.

44. Pathological conditions. Functional Structural Reversible Irreversible. Terminal condition - Material doses Long exhausting chronic disease - Low potency

45. Seat of Disease. If vital organs are structurally destructed, - low potency. eg; Chonic valvular heart diesease. Skin,CNS,Metabolic. - High potency.

46. Character of disease. Rapidly fatal - Low succeptibility. - material doses/low potency. Collapse/deficient vital reaction. - low potency Increased vital reaction - High potency Disease of low grade - Low Potency.

47. Previous abuse of medicine. Sensitivity of PT - low  low potency Stop medicine for few days. Carefully regulate diet and regimen. Hahnemann recommended administration of opium, carboveg, Sulph, Thuja, Nuxvom.

48. Correspondence. Total. Mind Body Miasm Partial. Minimal / Organ specific.

49. Sensitivity. Pain Mental symptoms

50. Miasm. Psora Sycotic Syphilitic Tubercular

51. Nature of drug selected. Superficially acting drug Deep acting drug Nosodes Antimiasmatic drug

52. Route of Administration. Pharmaconomy §284-6 th edition Tongue, mouth stomach Olfaction Inhalation Inunction Moderate doses to nursing mother

53. Ext. Aplication not advisable. §197 Premature disappearance of local symptom.

54. Notion of Quantity. § 276 Every dose that is too large Large dose to case with Greater homoeopathicity Large dose of a high potency.

55. § 285 Sugar globule of the size of poppy seeds. A drop of medicine sufficient to medicate 300 such globule.

56. Notion of Quality. § 272. Globule mixed with S.M and dissolved in water, stirred every time before administration. Quality increases, the greater quantity of fluid in which it is dissolved. Quality is increased when the succeeding doses are changed slightly every time.

57. Repetition. Pharmacopollaxy. § 247 At an interval of 14,12,10,8,7 days - Chronic. Every 24, 12, 8, 4 hours - in acute. Every hours; Every 5 minutes -very acute.

58. Kent. Series in degrees 30,200,1M,10M,50M,CM Very high potencies seldom require repetition in chronic cases.

59. Boreland. In acute disease Low potency - Diminish the severity diminish the mortality cannot cut short the duration. High potency - Can cut short or abort the disease.

60. Potency Low - Below 30 th Medium - 30-200 High - 1 M and above.

61. Voison. Low potencies - organotropic Medium potencies - Influence the function. High potencies - Penetrate the psyche.

62. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS Law of similars is the primary law of cure Correct remedy will act curatively in any potency A correct potency will act more gently.

63. Diseases with specific pathology – 12x-200 Cases with known malignancy –initially potencies below 200 Suspected malignancy – first prescription below 1M

64. Abundance of clear mental symptoms-high potency Acute cases- strong defense mechanism-200 and above Exception-in old chronically weakened- preferably 200

65. Nature of the remedy Kali carb-in gout Sulph.,sil,tub,phos – in TB Psor.- in asthma High potencies of Lach,Aur,Medo,Ars.

66. Practical hints Lach.-usually 30 – 200 Lyco-abd.complaints-30 th gout,DM,-higher(10M-CM) higher potencies act best in single dose rarely repeated after improvement bigins

67. Petro,Graph- < from 200 Ars.alb – lower in gastric,intestinal,kidney higher in neuralgia, CNS,skin,mental Beri beri vul.- Q – renal colic 200-in heel pain,rheumatic pain Blatta- low potencies during attack higher- after spasm for the remaining cough.stop with improvement

68. Carc.-200 once a week Streptococcin -200 once in 15 days Fer.phos- may cause sleeplessness in lower potencies FP,CF,NS,-most effective in 12x

69. DOSE Infants – 1/4 to ½ drop ¼ grain 1-2 globule ½ -1 pilule 2-12yrs – ½ -1 drop 1 grain 2-3 globule 1-2 pilule

70. Above 12 yrs.- ½- 1 drop 1 grain 4-5 globules 2-3 pilules J.H.CLARK – 1drop of Q(unless otherwise mentioned) W.I.Pierce- well selected remedy fails to act jump to a higher potency drop suddenly to lower and back to original

71. GARTH BORICKE- poly chrests-wider range of action in high potency Low potencies tend to limit the therapeutic sphere of a drug RAWAT- Indiscriminate use of only one potency-failures

72. REPETITION Impresibility of the patient Nature of disease Potency selected

73. Perceptible & continuous improvement-contra indicates repetition Repeat when the beneficial effects ceases Change remedy when improvement ceases and symptoms have altered.

74. Remedy reaction No change Remedy wrong Potency wrong Slow acting remedy Patient sluggish in reaction

75. steady improvement with no < Correct remedy No organic change

76. Short & strong < followed by slow&sure recovery Corect remedy Vigerous reaction No structural change

77. Long & severe < followed by slow &sure recovery Correct remedy Organic changes Vital reaction low Curable

78. Improvement limited Correct remedy Vital organs affected much After major surgeries Careful repetition at infrequent intervals

79. Long < followed by a slow decline Incurable Advanced case organic distruction

80. > first followed by < Remedy not deep acting Case incurable

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