PID Compensator Control Scheme of Synchronous Buck DC-DC Converter with ZVS L...IJRES Journal
This paper deals with PID compensator control of Synchronous Rectifier (SR) Buck Converter to improve its conversion efficiency under different load conditions with the help of a Zero Voltage Switching(ZVS)Logic Circuit. Since the freewheeling diode is replaced by a high frequency switch MOSFET in this buck configuration, the SR control technique itself will be sufficient under heavy load condition to attain better normal mode performance. However, this technique does not hold well in light load condition, due to increased switching losses. A newPID compensator control techniqueis introduced in the paper will enable synchronous buck converter to realize ZVS, while feeding light load. This is also cost effective and highly efficient simple control method without use of extra auxiliary switches and RLC components. This control technique also proved to be efficient under input voltage variations. Simulation is done for proving stabilization provided by the PID compensator with the help of ZVS logic circuit for synchronous rectifier (SR) buck converter in MATLAB Simulink.
Modelling of high step up dc dc converter for photovoltaic modulesIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper on modelling a high step-up DC-DC converter for photovoltaic modules. The converter uses a coupled inductor to achieve high voltage gain from a low PV panel output voltage. It operates in both continuous conduction mode and discontinuous conduction mode. Simulation results show the output voltage is regulated at 150V with a photovoltaic array input. The converter has benefits of high efficiency, reduced component stress, and isolation of the PV panel during non-operation for safety.
The study on the effect of voltage ripple on multiphase buck converters with ...journalBEEI
Voltage regulator modules (VRM) need to have low output voltage ripple and tight efficiency to power advanced microprocessors. This paper explains a phase shedding technique to enhance efficiency and its impact on output voltage ripple. In this study, analysis was done on a 4-phase buck converter which is having an input voltage of 45-65 V and delivers an output of 9 V, 12A with a switching frequency of 200Khz. The phase shedding control scheme is suitable for applications such as power sources for programmable logic controllers, which is a part of SCADA systems, which requires a low voltage and high current power supply. Working of a multiphase buck converter with phase shedding is modelled and verified using Matlab/Simulink software. The simulation results show the effect of the phase shedding technique on efficiency in varying load conditions and the effect of an increase of the voltage ripple at the output.
Simulation and Comparison of DVR and DSTATCOM Used for voltage sag mitigation...paperpublications3
Abstract: Power Quality problem in a system leads to various disturbances such as voltage fluctuations, transients and waveform distortions that results in a mis-operation or a failure of end user equipment. There are different types of custom power devices like Distribution Static Compensator (D-STATCOM) and Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) which can effectively use for mitigation of different type of power quality problems. This paper describes the technique of correcting the supply voltage sag distributed system and also describes performance comparison are presented between DVR and DSTATCOM to know how both the devices successfully been applied to power system for regulating system voltage effectively. DSTATCOM and DVR both of them based on VSI principle. A DVR is a series compensation device which injects a voltage in series with system and a DSTATCOM is a shunt compensation device which injects a current into the system to correct the power quality problems. This paper presents a power system operation with PI controller with abc to dq0 convertor approach. Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) is also calculated for the system with and without compensation. Results are presented to assess the performance of devices as a potential custom power solution. Improve dynamic voltage control and thus increase system load ability. This paper presents modeling and simulation of DVR & DSTATCOM in MATLAB/Simulink.
Design of Half Bridge LLC Resonant Converter for Low Voltage Dc ApplicationsIOSRJEEE
An advanced hybrid LLC series resonant converter with united flying-capacitor cell is proposed in this paper to permit the high step-down conversion in the high input voltage applications. The in-built flyingcapacitor branch in the primary side can efficiently share out the primary switch voltage stress related with the half-bridge LLC converters. And the input voltage can be shared correspondingly and automatically between the two series half-bridge components lacking additional balance circuit or control strategies owing to the built-in flying- capacitor cell. Likewise, the inherent soft switching performance in extensive load range that exists in the LLC converters is still kept to decrease the switching losses, which ensures the high efficiency. In addition, the proposed converter can be comprehensive to reduce the switch voltage stress byemploying stacked connection. Finally, a 500∼640 Vinput 48 Voutput 1 kW prototype is built and tested to verify the efficiency of the proposed converter. The results prove that the proposed converter is an excellent candidate for the high input voltage and high step-down dc/dc conversion systems.
The use of distributed generation (DG) within distribution systems has increased for the last two decades due to worldwide increase in demand for electricity and governmental policy change from “conventional” energy to “green” energy. High levels of penetration of DG have many significant benefits but also come with many drawbacks such as voltage drop and power losses. This study presents the impact of DG at different locations in a distribution feeder in terms of the feeder voltage profile. A radial distribution system is simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software while changing the size and location of DG in the system. The obtained results are used for better understanding on the impact of DG on voltage profile in radial distribution feeder.
The document summarizes a proposed non-isolated ZVZCS resonant PWM converter for high step-up and high power applications. The proposed converter uses an interleaved structure of basic cells connected in series and parallel to achieve flexibility in device selection. It allows soft-switching turn-on of switches via zero-voltage switching and turn-off of diodes via zero-current switching through the use of an auxiliary circuit. Simulation results are provided to validate the converter's operation and advantages over conventional hard-switched converters, such as reduced switch voltage and current stresses leading to higher efficiency.
This paper presents a comprehensive and systematic approach in developing a new switching look-up table for direct power control (DPC) strategy applied to the three-phase grid connected three-level neutral-point clamped (3L-NPC) pulse width modulated (PWM) rectifier. The term of PWM rectifier used in this paper is also known as AC-DC converter. The approach provides detailed information regarding the effects of each multilevel converter space vector to the distribution of input active and reactive power in the converter system. Thus, the most optimal converter space vectors are able to be selected by the switching look-up table, allowing smooth control of the active and reactive powers for each sector. In addition, the proposed DPC utilizes an NPC capacitor balanced strategy to enhance the performance of front-end AC-DC converter during load and supply voltage disturbances. The steady state as well as the dynamic performances of the proposed DPC are presented and analyzed by using MATLAB/Simulink software. The results show that the AC-DC converter utilizing the new look-up table is able to produce almost sinusoidal line currents with lower current total harmonic distortion, unity power factor operation, adjustable DC-link output voltage and good dynamic response during load disturbance.
PID Compensator Control Scheme of Synchronous Buck DC-DC Converter with ZVS L...IJRES Journal
This paper deals with PID compensator control of Synchronous Rectifier (SR) Buck Converter to improve its conversion efficiency under different load conditions with the help of a Zero Voltage Switching(ZVS)Logic Circuit. Since the freewheeling diode is replaced by a high frequency switch MOSFET in this buck configuration, the SR control technique itself will be sufficient under heavy load condition to attain better normal mode performance. However, this technique does not hold well in light load condition, due to increased switching losses. A newPID compensator control techniqueis introduced in the paper will enable synchronous buck converter to realize ZVS, while feeding light load. This is also cost effective and highly efficient simple control method without use of extra auxiliary switches and RLC components. This control technique also proved to be efficient under input voltage variations. Simulation is done for proving stabilization provided by the PID compensator with the help of ZVS logic circuit for synchronous rectifier (SR) buck converter in MATLAB Simulink.
Modelling of high step up dc dc converter for photovoltaic modulesIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper on modelling a high step-up DC-DC converter for photovoltaic modules. The converter uses a coupled inductor to achieve high voltage gain from a low PV panel output voltage. It operates in both continuous conduction mode and discontinuous conduction mode. Simulation results show the output voltage is regulated at 150V with a photovoltaic array input. The converter has benefits of high efficiency, reduced component stress, and isolation of the PV panel during non-operation for safety.
The study on the effect of voltage ripple on multiphase buck converters with ...journalBEEI
Voltage regulator modules (VRM) need to have low output voltage ripple and tight efficiency to power advanced microprocessors. This paper explains a phase shedding technique to enhance efficiency and its impact on output voltage ripple. In this study, analysis was done on a 4-phase buck converter which is having an input voltage of 45-65 V and delivers an output of 9 V, 12A with a switching frequency of 200Khz. The phase shedding control scheme is suitable for applications such as power sources for programmable logic controllers, which is a part of SCADA systems, which requires a low voltage and high current power supply. Working of a multiphase buck converter with phase shedding is modelled and verified using Matlab/Simulink software. The simulation results show the effect of the phase shedding technique on efficiency in varying load conditions and the effect of an increase of the voltage ripple at the output.
Simulation and Comparison of DVR and DSTATCOM Used for voltage sag mitigation...paperpublications3
Abstract: Power Quality problem in a system leads to various disturbances such as voltage fluctuations, transients and waveform distortions that results in a mis-operation or a failure of end user equipment. There are different types of custom power devices like Distribution Static Compensator (D-STATCOM) and Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) which can effectively use for mitigation of different type of power quality problems. This paper describes the technique of correcting the supply voltage sag distributed system and also describes performance comparison are presented between DVR and DSTATCOM to know how both the devices successfully been applied to power system for regulating system voltage effectively. DSTATCOM and DVR both of them based on VSI principle. A DVR is a series compensation device which injects a voltage in series with system and a DSTATCOM is a shunt compensation device which injects a current into the system to correct the power quality problems. This paper presents a power system operation with PI controller with abc to dq0 convertor approach. Total Harmonics Distortion (THD) is also calculated for the system with and without compensation. Results are presented to assess the performance of devices as a potential custom power solution. Improve dynamic voltage control and thus increase system load ability. This paper presents modeling and simulation of DVR & DSTATCOM in MATLAB/Simulink.
Design of Half Bridge LLC Resonant Converter for Low Voltage Dc ApplicationsIOSRJEEE
An advanced hybrid LLC series resonant converter with united flying-capacitor cell is proposed in this paper to permit the high step-down conversion in the high input voltage applications. The in-built flyingcapacitor branch in the primary side can efficiently share out the primary switch voltage stress related with the half-bridge LLC converters. And the input voltage can be shared correspondingly and automatically between the two series half-bridge components lacking additional balance circuit or control strategies owing to the built-in flying- capacitor cell. Likewise, the inherent soft switching performance in extensive load range that exists in the LLC converters is still kept to decrease the switching losses, which ensures the high efficiency. In addition, the proposed converter can be comprehensive to reduce the switch voltage stress byemploying stacked connection. Finally, a 500∼640 Vinput 48 Voutput 1 kW prototype is built and tested to verify the efficiency of the proposed converter. The results prove that the proposed converter is an excellent candidate for the high input voltage and high step-down dc/dc conversion systems.
The use of distributed generation (DG) within distribution systems has increased for the last two decades due to worldwide increase in demand for electricity and governmental policy change from “conventional” energy to “green” energy. High levels of penetration of DG have many significant benefits but also come with many drawbacks such as voltage drop and power losses. This study presents the impact of DG at different locations in a distribution feeder in terms of the feeder voltage profile. A radial distribution system is simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software while changing the size and location of DG in the system. The obtained results are used for better understanding on the impact of DG on voltage profile in radial distribution feeder.
The document summarizes a proposed non-isolated ZVZCS resonant PWM converter for high step-up and high power applications. The proposed converter uses an interleaved structure of basic cells connected in series and parallel to achieve flexibility in device selection. It allows soft-switching turn-on of switches via zero-voltage switching and turn-off of diodes via zero-current switching through the use of an auxiliary circuit. Simulation results are provided to validate the converter's operation and advantages over conventional hard-switched converters, such as reduced switch voltage and current stresses leading to higher efficiency.
This paper presents a comprehensive and systematic approach in developing a new switching look-up table for direct power control (DPC) strategy applied to the three-phase grid connected three-level neutral-point clamped (3L-NPC) pulse width modulated (PWM) rectifier. The term of PWM rectifier used in this paper is also known as AC-DC converter. The approach provides detailed information regarding the effects of each multilevel converter space vector to the distribution of input active and reactive power in the converter system. Thus, the most optimal converter space vectors are able to be selected by the switching look-up table, allowing smooth control of the active and reactive powers for each sector. In addition, the proposed DPC utilizes an NPC capacitor balanced strategy to enhance the performance of front-end AC-DC converter during load and supply voltage disturbances. The steady state as well as the dynamic performances of the proposed DPC are presented and analyzed by using MATLAB/Simulink software. The results show that the AC-DC converter utilizing the new look-up table is able to produce almost sinusoidal line currents with lower current total harmonic distortion, unity power factor operation, adjustable DC-link output voltage and good dynamic response during load disturbance.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Novel Approach of Position Estimation and Power Factor Corrector Converter ...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper proposes a Power factor Corrected (PFC) Bridgeless Buck-Boost converter fed BLDC motor drive. The Bridgeless configuration eliminates the Diode Bridge Rectifier in order to reduce the number of components and the conduction loss. The position sensors used in BLDC drives have drawbacks of additional cost, mechanical alignment problems. These bottle necks results in sensorless technique. The Sensorless technique mostly relies on measurement of Back EMF to determine relative positions of stator and rotor for the correct coil energising sequence can be implemented. This paper introduces the offline Finite Element method for sensorless operation. The proposed sensorless scheme estimates the motor position at standstill and running condition. The obtained Power Factor is within the acceptable limits IEC 61000-3-2. The proposed drive is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink the obtained results are validated experimentally on a developed prototype of the drive.
Comparators are basic building elements for designing modern analog and mixed signal systems. Speed and resolution are two important factors which are required for high speed applications. This paper presents a design for an on chip high-speed dynamic latched comparator for high frequency signal digitization. The dynamic latched comparator consists of two cross coupled inverters comprising a total of 9 MOS transistors. The measured and simulation results show that the dynamic latched comparator design has higher speed, low power dissipation and occupying less active area compared to double tail latched and preamplifier based clocked comparators. A new fully dynamic latched comparator which shows lower offset voltage and higher load drivability than the conventional dynamic latched comparators has been designed. With two additional inverters inserted between the input-stage and output-stage of the conventional double-tail dynamic comparator, the gain preceding the regenerative latch stage was improved and the complementary version of the output-latch stage, which has bigger output drive current capability at the same area, was implemented.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Automatic Load Sharing of TransformerIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed system for automatic load sharing of transformers using a microcontroller. The system would share the load of one transformer, called the main transformer, to another secondary transformer, called a slave transformer, during times of peak load or faulty conditions to prevent overloading of the main transformer. It discusses transformers, LCD displays, power supplies, and other components that could be used to build such a load sharing system and monitors conditions at consumer sites. The system aims to improve reliability, efficiency and flexibility of the power distribution system while reducing costs and risks of equipment damage from overloading.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Analysis and characterization of different high density on chip switched capa...Aalay Kapadia
Power converter is a key component in micro-scale energy harvesting systems. Micro-scale energy harvesting has become an increasingly viable and promising area for powering ultra-low power systems. Switched-capacitor (SC) power converters that use capacitors as energy storage elements offer much better power density than switched-inductor counterparts and are thus attractive in low-power area-constrained applications. Switched-capacitor (SC) converters have shown tremendous promise in this regard due to favorable device utilization and scaling trends, and the emergence of high-density silicon-compatible capacitor technologies. With the rising integration levels used to increase digital processing performance, there is a clear need for multiple independent on-chip supplies in order to support per-IP or block power management. The growing demand for both performance and battery life in portable consumer electronics requires SoCs and power management circuits to be small, efficient, and dynamically powerful. This project first reviews various design techniques for implementing high density On-chip Switched-capacitor (SC) power converters and secondly suggests the best technique to solve aspects of power converter design: Area Density, Power Consumption & Efficiency.
Multi-phase buck converter with low side switching for high current applicationKaushik Naik
This document presents a technical seminar on a multi-phase buck converter with low side switching for high current applications. It discusses the advantages of multi-phase converters over single phase converters, including lower input and output capacitance requirements, improved thermal performance and efficiency, better transient response, and simpler low side switching. It then describes the design of a three phase buck converter, including specifications, component selection, and MATLAB simulation results demonstrating the advantages of the multi-phase design.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Open Loop and Closed Loop Performance of Switched Reluctance Motor with Vario...IAES-IJPEDS
Switched reluctance motor (SRM) is becoming popular because of its simple construction, robustness and low-maintenance. This motor is very useful for high speed applications because no windings are placed on rotor and can also be used for variable speed applications in industries. Converter is one of the important elements in SRM which plays a very crucial role. In this paper various converter topologies for 6/4 switched reluctance motor and Asymmetric bridge converter topology for 8/6 switched reluctance motor are discussed. Finally a closed loop for each converter topology is proposed. The converter topologies are simulated by using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Constant speed is achieved in closed loop control.
High Efficiency Resonant dc/dc Converter Utilizing a Resistance Compression N...Projectsatbangalore
The document describes a new high-efficiency resonant DC/DC converter topology called the Resistance Compression Network (RCN) converter. It operates with simultaneous zero-voltage switching and near zero-current switching across a wide range of input voltages, output voltages, and power levels, resulting in low switching losses. Experimental results from a 200W prototype show over 95% efficiency is maintained across an input voltage range of 25V to 40V with an output voltage of 400V, and it operates efficiently over a wide output voltage and power range. The RCN converter uses a resistance compression network and on/off control to maintain desired current waveforms and high efficiency over varying operating conditions.
Average current control of DC-DC Cuk Converters as Power Factor CorrectorIJERA Editor
This document discusses using a DC-DC Cuk converter with average current control to achieve power factor correction for a LED lighting load. It provides background on LED lighting and power factor correction needs. The paper models the Cuk converter and designs current and voltage control loops to regulate the output voltage while producing a sinusoidal input current with low total harmonic distortion and near unity power factor. Simulation results show the input current closely matching the input voltage waveform and low output voltage ripple, demonstrating the effectiveness of the control method.
To overcome the problem of mismatched voltage levels between parallel-connected low voltage photovoltaic (PV)
arrays and the higher grid voltage, a hybrid boost three level dc-dc converter is developed based on three level inverter with
the traditional single phase diode clamping. Only one inductor, two capacitors in series, and those power switches and diodes,
which are easy to be integrated, are used for establish the topology with transformerless high voltage gain. The operation
principle of the topology is analyzed, and then the pulse width modulation (PWM) control method is obtained according to
the switching functions about the output pulse voltages of both half-bridges. Therefore, the converter can not only operate
with high voltage gain, but also make the duty cycles of power switches closer to 0.5. A feedforward closed loop control
operation is proposed such that even in varying input the converter is capable of giving a constant output. Finally an
experimental is set up in the laboratory for open loop control operation. All experimental results verify the feasibility of the
circuit and validity of the PWM control method.
IRJET- Series and Shunt Compensation in UPFC using Cascaded Multilevel Invert...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a transformer-less approach for series and shunt compensation using a cascaded multilevel inverter. The key points are:
1) A cascaded multilevel inverter arrangement with H-bridge cells is used for reactive power compensation without using a transformer between the series and shunt converters. This eliminates issues associated with using transformers such as cost, size, losses and response time.
2) The series converter controls voltage to regulate active and reactive power flow while the shunt converter controls current to compensate for any active power flow between the converters. This ensures no active power is exchanged so no transformer is needed.
3) Control methods for the shunt voltage and series current compensation use PI controllers
Fuzzy based control of Transformer less Coupled inductor based DC-DC converterIJERA Editor
Most of the industrial applications use any one of the basic DC-DC converter configurations namely buck,
boost, buck–boost, and Cuk converters. These converters are non-isolating converters. Buck-boost converters
use inductors for storing energy from the source and release the same to load or output. This results in high
stress across magnetic components. This drawback restricts usage of buck-boost converters to low power
applications. Flyback converters popularly have known as buck-boost converters uses transformers for
achieving wide range of step down and step up voltages. Coupled inductor based converters or tapped inductor
based converters are used for achieving wide input – wide output conversion ratios. Coherent transition between
step-down and step-up modes is achieved by a proper control scheme. This paper proposes fuzzy logic based
closed loop control scheme for control of converter switches. Theoretical derivations of control parameters with
their membership values, mamdani based rules for development of fuzzy rules and simulation results of a
coupled inductor based DC-DC converter using MATLAB / SIMULINK are concluded.
The document presents a new robust load frequency controller for a two area interconnected power system to reduce deviations in frequency and tie line power due to different load disturbances. It develops a dynamic model of the system using integral control and evaluates the system responses. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink are provided to study the impact of changing parameters like inertia constant, integration constant, and turbine constant on the frequency deviation and tie line power flow deviation.
High efficiency zcs single input multiple output simo d.c to dIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper presented at the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management. The paper proposes a new single-input multiple-output DC-DC converter topology that can boost a low voltage input to multiple isolated outputs using only one switch. This converter uses a coupled inductor and fuzzy logic controller to achieve high efficiency and zero current switching. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the design and performance of the proposed converter. The converter is well-suited for powering multi-level inverters with multiple isolated inputs.
The document outlines a research paper that proposes a new ZVS-PWM full-bridge converter with reduced conduction losses. The converter uses an auxiliary circuit to discharge the output capacitance of lagging leg switches, allowing them to turn on with zero-voltage switching. This extends the zero-voltage switching range to lighter loads compared to standard full-bridge topologies. The document describes the operation of the proposed converter through its various modes, highlights its key features, provides design guidelines, and presents experimental results validating its performance.
A Novel Multi Port Dc/Dc Converter Topology Using Zero Voltage Switching For...IJMER
This paper proposes a novel four-port DC/DC converter topology that can interface two renewable energy sources, a bidirectional battery storage port, and an isolated load port. The topology is derived from a traditional half-bridge converter with the addition of two switches and diodes. All four main switches can achieve zero-voltage switching, reducing switching losses. MATLAB simulations and experimental results validate the circuit operation and regulation of the multiple power ports via independent duty cycle control. The proposed topology is suitable for applications integrating hybrid photovoltaic and wind energy systems with battery storage.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Novel Approach of Position Estimation and Power Factor Corrector Converter ...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper proposes a Power factor Corrected (PFC) Bridgeless Buck-Boost converter fed BLDC motor drive. The Bridgeless configuration eliminates the Diode Bridge Rectifier in order to reduce the number of components and the conduction loss. The position sensors used in BLDC drives have drawbacks of additional cost, mechanical alignment problems. These bottle necks results in sensorless technique. The Sensorless technique mostly relies on measurement of Back EMF to determine relative positions of stator and rotor for the correct coil energising sequence can be implemented. This paper introduces the offline Finite Element method for sensorless operation. The proposed sensorless scheme estimates the motor position at standstill and running condition. The obtained Power Factor is within the acceptable limits IEC 61000-3-2. The proposed drive is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink the obtained results are validated experimentally on a developed prototype of the drive.
Comparators are basic building elements for designing modern analog and mixed signal systems. Speed and resolution are two important factors which are required for high speed applications. This paper presents a design for an on chip high-speed dynamic latched comparator for high frequency signal digitization. The dynamic latched comparator consists of two cross coupled inverters comprising a total of 9 MOS transistors. The measured and simulation results show that the dynamic latched comparator design has higher speed, low power dissipation and occupying less active area compared to double tail latched and preamplifier based clocked comparators. A new fully dynamic latched comparator which shows lower offset voltage and higher load drivability than the conventional dynamic latched comparators has been designed. With two additional inverters inserted between the input-stage and output-stage of the conventional double-tail dynamic comparator, the gain preceding the regenerative latch stage was improved and the complementary version of the output-latch stage, which has bigger output drive current capability at the same area, was implemented.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Automatic Load Sharing of TransformerIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed system for automatic load sharing of transformers using a microcontroller. The system would share the load of one transformer, called the main transformer, to another secondary transformer, called a slave transformer, during times of peak load or faulty conditions to prevent overloading of the main transformer. It discusses transformers, LCD displays, power supplies, and other components that could be used to build such a load sharing system and monitors conditions at consumer sites. The system aims to improve reliability, efficiency and flexibility of the power distribution system while reducing costs and risks of equipment damage from overloading.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Analysis and characterization of different high density on chip switched capa...Aalay Kapadia
Power converter is a key component in micro-scale energy harvesting systems. Micro-scale energy harvesting has become an increasingly viable and promising area for powering ultra-low power systems. Switched-capacitor (SC) power converters that use capacitors as energy storage elements offer much better power density than switched-inductor counterparts and are thus attractive in low-power area-constrained applications. Switched-capacitor (SC) converters have shown tremendous promise in this regard due to favorable device utilization and scaling trends, and the emergence of high-density silicon-compatible capacitor technologies. With the rising integration levels used to increase digital processing performance, there is a clear need for multiple independent on-chip supplies in order to support per-IP or block power management. The growing demand for both performance and battery life in portable consumer electronics requires SoCs and power management circuits to be small, efficient, and dynamically powerful. This project first reviews various design techniques for implementing high density On-chip Switched-capacitor (SC) power converters and secondly suggests the best technique to solve aspects of power converter design: Area Density, Power Consumption & Efficiency.
Multi-phase buck converter with low side switching for high current applicationKaushik Naik
This document presents a technical seminar on a multi-phase buck converter with low side switching for high current applications. It discusses the advantages of multi-phase converters over single phase converters, including lower input and output capacitance requirements, improved thermal performance and efficiency, better transient response, and simpler low side switching. It then describes the design of a three phase buck converter, including specifications, component selection, and MATLAB simulation results demonstrating the advantages of the multi-phase design.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Open Loop and Closed Loop Performance of Switched Reluctance Motor with Vario...IAES-IJPEDS
Switched reluctance motor (SRM) is becoming popular because of its simple construction, robustness and low-maintenance. This motor is very useful for high speed applications because no windings are placed on rotor and can also be used for variable speed applications in industries. Converter is one of the important elements in SRM which plays a very crucial role. In this paper various converter topologies for 6/4 switched reluctance motor and Asymmetric bridge converter topology for 8/6 switched reluctance motor are discussed. Finally a closed loop for each converter topology is proposed. The converter topologies are simulated by using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Constant speed is achieved in closed loop control.
High Efficiency Resonant dc/dc Converter Utilizing a Resistance Compression N...Projectsatbangalore
The document describes a new high-efficiency resonant DC/DC converter topology called the Resistance Compression Network (RCN) converter. It operates with simultaneous zero-voltage switching and near zero-current switching across a wide range of input voltages, output voltages, and power levels, resulting in low switching losses. Experimental results from a 200W prototype show over 95% efficiency is maintained across an input voltage range of 25V to 40V with an output voltage of 400V, and it operates efficiently over a wide output voltage and power range. The RCN converter uses a resistance compression network and on/off control to maintain desired current waveforms and high efficiency over varying operating conditions.
Average current control of DC-DC Cuk Converters as Power Factor CorrectorIJERA Editor
This document discusses using a DC-DC Cuk converter with average current control to achieve power factor correction for a LED lighting load. It provides background on LED lighting and power factor correction needs. The paper models the Cuk converter and designs current and voltage control loops to regulate the output voltage while producing a sinusoidal input current with low total harmonic distortion and near unity power factor. Simulation results show the input current closely matching the input voltage waveform and low output voltage ripple, demonstrating the effectiveness of the control method.
To overcome the problem of mismatched voltage levels between parallel-connected low voltage photovoltaic (PV)
arrays and the higher grid voltage, a hybrid boost three level dc-dc converter is developed based on three level inverter with
the traditional single phase diode clamping. Only one inductor, two capacitors in series, and those power switches and diodes,
which are easy to be integrated, are used for establish the topology with transformerless high voltage gain. The operation
principle of the topology is analyzed, and then the pulse width modulation (PWM) control method is obtained according to
the switching functions about the output pulse voltages of both half-bridges. Therefore, the converter can not only operate
with high voltage gain, but also make the duty cycles of power switches closer to 0.5. A feedforward closed loop control
operation is proposed such that even in varying input the converter is capable of giving a constant output. Finally an
experimental is set up in the laboratory for open loop control operation. All experimental results verify the feasibility of the
circuit and validity of the PWM control method.
IRJET- Series and Shunt Compensation in UPFC using Cascaded Multilevel Invert...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a transformer-less approach for series and shunt compensation using a cascaded multilevel inverter. The key points are:
1) A cascaded multilevel inverter arrangement with H-bridge cells is used for reactive power compensation without using a transformer between the series and shunt converters. This eliminates issues associated with using transformers such as cost, size, losses and response time.
2) The series converter controls voltage to regulate active and reactive power flow while the shunt converter controls current to compensate for any active power flow between the converters. This ensures no active power is exchanged so no transformer is needed.
3) Control methods for the shunt voltage and series current compensation use PI controllers
Fuzzy based control of Transformer less Coupled inductor based DC-DC converterIJERA Editor
Most of the industrial applications use any one of the basic DC-DC converter configurations namely buck,
boost, buck–boost, and Cuk converters. These converters are non-isolating converters. Buck-boost converters
use inductors for storing energy from the source and release the same to load or output. This results in high
stress across magnetic components. This drawback restricts usage of buck-boost converters to low power
applications. Flyback converters popularly have known as buck-boost converters uses transformers for
achieving wide range of step down and step up voltages. Coupled inductor based converters or tapped inductor
based converters are used for achieving wide input – wide output conversion ratios. Coherent transition between
step-down and step-up modes is achieved by a proper control scheme. This paper proposes fuzzy logic based
closed loop control scheme for control of converter switches. Theoretical derivations of control parameters with
their membership values, mamdani based rules for development of fuzzy rules and simulation results of a
coupled inductor based DC-DC converter using MATLAB / SIMULINK are concluded.
The document presents a new robust load frequency controller for a two area interconnected power system to reduce deviations in frequency and tie line power due to different load disturbances. It develops a dynamic model of the system using integral control and evaluates the system responses. Simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink are provided to study the impact of changing parameters like inertia constant, integration constant, and turbine constant on the frequency deviation and tie line power flow deviation.
High efficiency zcs single input multiple output simo d.c to dIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper presented at the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management. The paper proposes a new single-input multiple-output DC-DC converter topology that can boost a low voltage input to multiple isolated outputs using only one switch. This converter uses a coupled inductor and fuzzy logic controller to achieve high efficiency and zero current switching. Simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the design and performance of the proposed converter. The converter is well-suited for powering multi-level inverters with multiple isolated inputs.
The document outlines a research paper that proposes a new ZVS-PWM full-bridge converter with reduced conduction losses. The converter uses an auxiliary circuit to discharge the output capacitance of lagging leg switches, allowing them to turn on with zero-voltage switching. This extends the zero-voltage switching range to lighter loads compared to standard full-bridge topologies. The document describes the operation of the proposed converter through its various modes, highlights its key features, provides design guidelines, and presents experimental results validating its performance.
A Novel Multi Port Dc/Dc Converter Topology Using Zero Voltage Switching For...IJMER
This paper proposes a novel four-port DC/DC converter topology that can interface two renewable energy sources, a bidirectional battery storage port, and an isolated load port. The topology is derived from a traditional half-bridge converter with the addition of two switches and diodes. All four main switches can achieve zero-voltage switching, reducing switching losses. MATLAB simulations and experimental results validate the circuit operation and regulation of the multiple power ports via independent duty cycle control. The proposed topology is suitable for applications integrating hybrid photovoltaic and wind energy systems with battery storage.
This document discusses the design and testing of a battery for a PIC microcontroller-based solar-wind hybrid system under different load and no-load conditions. It describes the objectives, literature review on previous related work, materials and methods used including specifications of the system components (solar PV module, wind turbine, battery, charge controller, DC-DC converter). It then outlines the different operating conditions tested and observations on the performance of the solar, wind and battery. The conclusion is that the charge controller and boost converters improve the hybrid system and battery performance, showing the system is efficient.
Design of Soft Switching Converter with Digital Signal Processor Based MPPT f...IDES Editor
This paper is based on the design of soft
switching converter (ZVS-ZCS resonant action) with
digital signal processor (DSP) based maximum power
point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for solar hybrid
applications. The converter aims to get the regulated
output voltage from several power sources like wind
turbines, photovoltaic (PV) arrays and energy from these
sources are simultaneously transferred to the load. The
input stage circuits for different energy sources are put in
parallel using a coupled inductor and the converter to
prevent power coupling effect it acts in interleaving
operating mode. As the buck/boost converter input range
is restricted interleaved ZVS-ZCS converter with low
switching loss and conduction loss and efficiency of more
than 92% can be easily achieved. DSP based MPPT
algorithm adjusts solar array voltage (equal to battery
voltage) with a digital compensator technique and
discrete PI control to track the MPP with high tracking
efficiency. Hence the proposed work gives a novel idea in
the modern hybrid energy system.
The document outlines a thesis that proposes a new 3-phase, single-stage AC-DC full-bridge converter. It begins with introductions to power electronics, semiconductor devices, soft switching techniques, and AC-DC power conversion. It then discusses the problem of using two separate converters for AC-DC conversion and power factor correction. The thesis will analyze a proposed single-stage converter that is more cost effective and simpler than existing two-stage approaches.
Review of Step down Converter with Efficient ZVS OperationIJRST Journal
This paper presents the review of step down converter with efficient ZVS operation. The designed buck converter uses ZCS technique and the function is realized so that the power form is converted from 12V DC 5V DC (1A). A detailed analysis of zero current switching buck converters is performed and a mathematical analysis of the mode of operation is also presented. In order to reduce the switching losses in associated with conventional converters; resonant inductor and resonant capacitor (LC resonant circuit) is applied which helps to turn on-off the switch at zero current. The dc-dc buck converter receives the energy from the input source, when the switch is turned-on. The buck–buck converters have characteristics that warrant a more detailed study. The buck converters under discontinuous conduction mode /continuous conduction mode boundary.
A Soft-Switched PWM Full-Bridge Converter with Reduced Conduction Lossesdunisha
Features:
All the benefits of Zero-Voltage-Zero-Current-Switched (ZVZCS) converters.
All switches operate with Zero-Voltage-Switching (ZVS).
Can be Implemented with MOSFETs hence operating in high switching
frequencies.
The document discusses quasi-resonant converters and the half-wave zero-current-switching quasi-resonant switch cell. The switch cell uses a small resonant inductor and capacitor to achieve zero-current switching of the transistor. It operates in four subintervals per switching period: 1) transistor on, 2) resonant ringing, 3) capacitor discharging, 4) diode on. Mathematical analysis determines the waveforms and durations of each subinterval. Averaging the switch cell currents and voltages gives the conversion ratio, allowing the cell to be analyzed and incorporated into converter circuits.
The document describes a zero-voltage switching and zero-current switching full-bridge converter that utilizes the leakage inductance of a transformer. It presents the concept and methodology of the converter, which uses series resonance to achieve lossless switching. Simulation results are shown that demonstrate the switching currents achieving zero-voltage switching turn-on and zero-current switching turn-off, as intended with the design. The document also proposes a modification to the converter by incorporating a bridge rectifier at the transformer secondary.
Seminor on resonant and soft switching converterAnup Kumar
Soft Switching Techniques Are Highly Recommended To Reduce Switching Losses And Conduction Losses, During Each Turning On & Turning Off of Power Electronics Devices.
ANALYSIS, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ZERO-CURRENT-SWITCHING RESONANT CONVER...hunypink
This paper presents a Buck type circuit structure, the designing of ZCS resonant Buck converter and analysis of the working principles involved. The designed buck converter uses ZCS technique and the function is realized so that the power form is converted from 12V DC to 5V DC (1A). A detailed analysis of zero current switching buck converters is performed and a mathematical analysis of the mode of operation is also presented. In order to reduce the switching losses in associated with conventional converters; resonant inductor and resonant capacitor (LC resonant circuit) is applied which helps to turn on-off the switch at zero current. The dc-dc buck converter receives the energy from the input source, when the switch is turned-on. If the switch is turned-off the LC resonant circuit pumps the energy by ensuring that the current does not come to zero. During the hardware implementation Ton, Toff, duty cycle & operating frequency values were determined and thoroughly tuned through the NE555 IC circuit. As a result of this various waveforms across capacitors,inductors and load resistor were observed. A simulation study was carried out and the effectiveness of the designed converter is verified by PSpice simulation results.
Design of an Integrated Power Factor Converter with PI Controller for Low Pow...IOSRJEEE
In this paper, an integrated power factor converter with PI controller is proposed. The circuit topology is obtained by integrating two converters namely the buck converter and a boost converter. The boost converter is normally a step up converter which obtain an unity power factor and performs low harmonics at the input. Based on the simple circuit topology and easy control the boost converter or buck-boost converter is used as power factor correctors. Similarly the buck converter regulates the dc-link voltage and provide a stable dc output voltage. To achieve unity power factor, the output voltage of both converter should be higher than the amplitude of the ac line voltage. The steady -state analysis is developed and a design is provided
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...IJERD Editor
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a soft-switching boost converter with an auxiliary resonant circuit (SARC) for improving the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion systems. The converter is designed to boost the variable output voltage of a solar module. Simulation and experimental results confirm the converter's operational principles and soft-switching performance. The converter achieves zero-voltage switching and zero-current switching, reducing switching losses compared to conventional hard-switching converters. The design procedure and component values for the resonant inductor and capacitor in the SARC are also described.
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...IJERD Editor
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a soft-switching boost converter with an auxiliary resonant circuit (SARC) for improving the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion systems. The converter aims to boost the lower output voltage of solar cells to a useful voltage for loads. Simulation and experimental results confirm the converter's operational principles and soft-switching performance. Analysis shows that through SARC, all switching devices achieve zero-voltage and zero-current switching, reducing switching losses compared to conventional hard-switching converters. The converter design targets a 700W PV module, and testing with a PV simulator validates effective maximum power point tracking control.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) aims to cover the latest outstanding developments in the field of all Engineering Technologies & science.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
Design and Implementation of Isolated Zeta-Luo Converter for EV Charging Appl...IRJET Journal
The document presents a design for an electric vehicle charging system using an isolated Zeta-Luo converter. The converter combines a Zeta converter and Luo converter to improve efficiency over other topologies. It operates each converter on alternating half-cycles of the supply voltage. Simulation models show the Zeta-Luo converter achieves higher efficiency and power quality compared to isolated Zeta and Luo converters alone. The design uses a cascaded PI controller to regulate charging in constant current and constant voltage modes for safe battery charging.
Design and Implementation of Isolated Zeta-Luo Converter for EV Charging Appl...IRJET Journal
The document presents a design for an electric vehicle charging system using an isolated Zeta-Luo converter. The converter combines a Zeta converter and Luo converter to improve efficiency over other topologies. It operates each converter on alternating half-cycles of the supply voltage. Simulation models show the Zeta-Luo converter achieves higher efficiency and power quality compared to isolated Zeta and Luo converters alone. The design uses a cascaded PI controller to regulate charging in constant current and constant voltage modes for safe battery charging.
Speed Control Of Separately Excited Dc Motor Using A High Efficiency Flyback ...IJERA Editor
This paper deals with Speed control of separately excited DC motor using flyback converter with a new non complementary active clamp control method to achieve soft switching and high efficiency for heavy motor load and light load conditions. This is quite attractive for low power application with universal ac inputs, such as external adaptors. With the proposed control technique, the energy in the leakage inductance can be fully recycled. The soft switching can be achieved for the main switch and the absorbed leakage energy is transferred to the output and input side. In the Proposed model the resistive and DC motor is connected to flyback converter and it is simulated with different nominal voltages and rated speed is controlled at different levels for the N-type active clamp flyback converter and P-type active clamp flyback converter respectively. N-type active clamp flyback converter is suitable for high speed variation applications and P-type active clamp flyback converter is suitable for low speed variation applications.
A ZVS Interleaved Boost AC/DC Converter Using Super Capacitor Power for Hybri...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
A Review on Modeling and Analysis of Multi Stage with Multi Phase DC DC Boost...YogeshIJTSRD
A new version of the new Hybrid Boost DC DC ready to draw power from two different DC sources for standard DC bus feeds is presented in this paper. An important feature of the proposed converter is that both sources provide simultaneous power to a lower load than the reduced current rate. This feature is very attractive for DC grid applications. With the analysis of the time zone, steady state performance is established and the transformational power correction parameters are obtained. In this paper, a powerful converter is introduced, with its operating principles based on charging pumps and converters of reinforcement series. In addition, although three switches are used, no separate gate driver is required instead of one bridge gate driver and one gate driver on the lower side. As such, the proposed converter is easy to analyze and easy to operate. In addition, additional test results are provided to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed converter. Mukesh Kuma | Manoj Kumar Dewangan | Maheedhar Dubey "A Review on Modeling and Analysis of Multi Stage with Multi Phase DC-DC Boost Converter" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39985.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/39985/a-review-on-modeling-and-analysis-of-multi-stage-with-multi-phase-dcdc-boost-converter/mukesh-kuma
Coupled Inductor Based High Step-Up DC-DC Converter for Multi Input PV SystemIJERA Editor
With the shortage of the energy and ever increasing of the oil price, research on the renewable and green energy
sources, especially the solar arrays and the fuel cells, becomes more and more important. How to achieve high
step-up and high efficiency DC/DC converters is the major consideration in the renewable power applications
due to the low voltage of PV arrays and fuel cells. In this paper a coupled inductor dc-dc converter for photovoltaic
system is proposed. The circuit configuration of the proposed converter is very simple. Thus, the
proposed converter has higher step-up and step-down voltage gains than the conventional bidirectional dc–dc
boost/buck converter. Under same electric specifications for the proposed converter and the conventional
bidirectional boost/buck converter, the average value of the switch current in the proposed converter is less than
the conventional bidirectional boost/buck converter. The operating principles have been applied to multi input
photovoltaic system and outputs have been observed.
IRJET- Methods for Improved Efficiency in DC-DC Buck ConverterIRJET Journal
1. The document discusses various techniques to improve the efficiency of DC-DC buck converters, which are important components in portable devices.
2. At light loads, converters suffer from low efficiency due to switching losses that do not scale with load current. Various control schemes are presented to address this issue, including pulse frequency modulation (PFM), pulse skipping, and burst mode, which reduce switching frequency and losses at light loads.
3. Other techniques discussed include mode hopping between synchronous and asynchronous modes, gate drive techniques to reduce gate losses, and inductance control. The document provides an overview of different approaches to optimize buck converter efficiency over varying loads.
A Predictive Control Strategy for Power Factor CorrectionIOSR Journals
This document presents a predictive control strategy for a boost power factor correction (PFC) converter. It begins with an introduction to power factor correction and discusses common control techniques like hysteresis control and linear control. It then describes the boost converter topology used for the PFC converter and discusses the design of key components. The predictive control strategy is presented, which predicts the duty cycle needed over a half line period to achieve unity power factor. Simulation results show the control strategy maintains near unity power factor and low total harmonic distortion under different operating conditions.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceresearchinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Design Topology of Low Profile Transformer forSlim AdaptorIJRES Journal
This paper presents the implementation of a topologyfor low profile transformer using an LLC
resonant converter. A new structure of the slim-type transformer is proposed, which is composed of copper wire
as the primary winding and printed circuit-board winding on the outer layer as the secondary winding.The
proposed circuit operates at high switching frequency to increase power density. The proposed structure is
suitable for a slim and high-efficiency converter because it has advantages of easy utilization and wide
conductive cross-sectional area. In addition, the voltage-doubler rectifier is applied to the secondary side due to
its simple structure of secondary winding, and a CLC filter is adopted to reduce the output filter size.The
specification are to design input voltage 400v,power 120w with 17ms hold time.
1) The document presents a cascaded quasi-Z-source converter that can interconnect low voltage renewable energy sources like solar panels or fuel cells to residential loads more efficiently than a traditional single-stage converter.
2) The proposed cascaded design reduces component values, energy loss, and shoot-through duty cycle compared to a single-stage design while maintaining the same input/output conditions.
3) Simulation results showed the effectiveness of the cascaded design, which has applications in solar water pumping systems and connecting renewable energy sources to microgrids.
This paper presents the simulation design of dc/dc interleaved boost converter with zero-voltage switching (ZVS). By employin the interleaved structure, the input current stresses to switching devices were reduced and this signified to a switching conduction loss reduction. All the parameters had been calculated theoretically. The proposed converter circuit was simulated by using MATLAB/Simulink and PSpice software programmes. The converter circuit model, with specifications of output power of 200 W, input voltage range from 10~60 V, and operates at 100 kHz switching frequency was simulated to validate the designed parameters. The results showed that the main switches of the model converter circuit achieved ZVS conditions during the interleaving operation. Consequently, the switching losses in the main switching devices were reduced. Thus, the proposed converter circuit model offers advantages of input current stress and switching loss reductions. Hence, based on the designed parameters and results, the converter model can be extended for hardware implementation.
Application of soft switching in DC-DC converter has achieved a remarkable success in power electronics technology in terms of reduction in switching losses, improve in power density, minimization of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and reduction in the volume of DC-DC converters. Quite a number of soft switching techniques had been reported in the past four decades. This paper aims at providing a review of various soft switching techniques, based on topology, the location of the resonant network, performance characteristics, and principles of operation. In addition, converters area of application, advantages as well as limitations are also highlighted.
This document summarizes the development of a new solar powered water wheel aerator model, the Chaipattana RX-2-3. The original RX-2-2 model required a 2HP induction motor that was difficult to power with solar cells. The new RX-2-3 model uses a 150W universal motor that can be powered by a single 300W solar panel connected to a DC-DC converter. A new controller was also developed that can operate on input voltages from 100VDC to 55VDC from the solar panel. Simulation and testing showed the new solar powered system can operate for at least 8 hours and has higher oxygen transfer efficiencies than the original model.
High step up boost converter based micro inverter with mppt and current controlIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a high step-up boost converter-based micro inverter system for grid-connected photovoltaic power generation. A high step-up boost converter is used to efficiently transfer maximum power from the solar panel to the grid. An incremental conductance maximum power point tracking algorithm controls the converter to extract maximum power. A single-phase inverter with current control is also implemented for grid synchronization. The proposed system was modeled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink to validate the design of the high step-up converter and maximum power point tracking approach.
Extremely high duty cycle of boost converter may result in higher conduction losses. To achieve a high
conversion ratio without operating at extremely high duty ratio, some converters based on transformers or coupled
inductors or tapped inductors have been provided. However, the leakage inductance in the transformer, coupled
inductor or tapped inductor will cause high voltage spikes in the switches and reduce system efficiency. A novel
single switch cascaded dc-dc converter of boost and buck boost converters have extended voltage conversion ratio
to d/(1-d)2. The features of the converter are high voltage gain; only one switch for realizing the converter, the
number of magnetic components is small etc. So comparing with other topologies cascaded converter is more
effective. Simulation of the converter for a dc input voltage and fixed duty cycle was done, and the same was
verified experimentally for a low input voltage. The software used for simulation was MatlabR2014a
Similar to A novel control strategy for synchronous rectifier buck converter for improved efficiency at light loads (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
20 Comprehensive Checklist of Designing and Developing a WebsitePixlogix Infotech
Dive into the world of Website Designing and Developing with Pixlogix! Looking to create a stunning online presence? Look no further! Our comprehensive checklist covers everything you need to know to craft a website that stands out. From user-friendly design to seamless functionality, we've got you covered. Don't miss out on this invaluable resource! Check out our checklist now at Pixlogix and start your journey towards a captivating online presence today.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Building RAG with self-deployed Milvus vector database and Snowpark Container...Zilliz
This talk will give hands-on advice on building RAG applications with an open-source Milvus database deployed as a docker container. We will also introduce the integration of Milvus with Snowpark Container Services.
Enchancing adoption of Open Source Libraries. A case study on Albumentations.AIVladimir Iglovikov, Ph.D.
Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/iglovikov/
- https://x.com/viglovikov
- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
This presentation delves into the journey of Albumentations.ai, a highly successful open-source library for data augmentation.
Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
Key insights include the importance of automation, making the adoption process seamless, and leveraging offline interactions for marketing. The presentation also emphasizes the need for continuous small improvements and building a friendly, inclusive community that contributes to the project's growth.
Vladimir Iglovikov brings his extensive experience as a Kaggle Grandmaster, ex-Staff ML Engineer at Lyft, sharing valuable lessons and practical advice for anyone looking to enhance the adoption of their open-source projects.
Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
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Fig 1: Synchronous Buck DC-DC Converter
In synchronous buck DC-DC converter configuration, [2] the two MOSFETs used are synchronized shown in
figure 1. Synchronous Buck converter is similar to the conventional buck converter except the freewheeling diode is
paralleled with SR switch Q2 so that conduction loss is reduced. The body diode of MOSFET Q2 acts as a slow rectifier
and would add only allowable losses. Because the synchronous rectifier switches with lower than a volt across itself, the
switching losses will be almost zero. The MOSFET conduction losses are very lesser in comparison to the forward
voltage drop of schottky rectifier. Synchronous Rectification [3] can increment portable device switching converter’s
efficiency significantly with minimum cost. During steady state situations, this cycle of switching main and auxiliary
MOSFETs ON and OFF complementary to each other maintains VO to its desired value. So there is a need to reduce
these switching losses using control techniques and to improve the light load efficiency.
Many techniques have been proposed to reduce the switching losses arising from switching frequency. Pulse
width modulation (PWM)[4], Pulse frequency modulation (PFM) control [5] [6], [7] and double-mode control with pulse
width modulation (PWM) and pulse frequency modulation (PFM) have been widely used [8]. According to the previous
researches, the PWM-controlled converter has lower conversion efficiency than the PFM-controlled converter in light
loads, whereas in heavy load condition, the PWM-controlled converter has got better conversion efficiency compared to
PFM [9]-[12]. Therefore, some studies decided to combine the advantages of both the control methods to form a new
control method called Dual mode control. PFM is used in light load condition, whereas PWM is chosen in heavy load
condition. This method can achieve better efficiency and also the nonlinear inductor is used for lowering switching
frequency at light load condition. However, large output voltage transients and sub harmonic noise occurs during
transition between PWM and PFM. The switching frequency is unpredictable and also requires complicated fabrication
materials because of the variable frequency operation. But other technique namely resonant gate drive uses an inductor
and two diodes provided to clamp and recover drive energy (clamped gate voltage). Also the circuit timing is adjusted to
cycle inductor current during driving transitions (fast driving speed) [13] [14]. But the requirement of extra auxiliary
switch and passive components and gate-source voltage over drive are its disadvantages. Several techniques like zero
voltage switching (ZVS) [15] [16] and digital control [17][18], have been used, but the application of these techniques
are seem to be much complicated. ZVS and the digital control technique have better performance but need extra auxiliary
switches and RLC passive components. Moreover, the controller used is a digital system processor which will result
overall cost to be high.
The new control strategy in this paper enables an SR buck converter to have increased light load efficiency with
ZVS technique without the requirement of extra auxiliary switches or RLC passive components. This control technique is
of least cost and control method is also easy. Furthermore, the SR control strategy can be used to a dc low voltage
outputs.
2. OPERATING MODES OF SR BUCK CONVERTER
The operation of an SR buck converter grouped into eight stages based on the status of the two switches and
load conditions. The oscillograph of the inductor current and control signals in the eight operating stages of an SR buck
converter is shown in Figure 3. Based on different load conditions whether heavy load or light load and according to the
methods introduced here, there are two kinds of operating stage combinations. The first operating stage combination is in
the heavy load condition, i.e., Stage 1-Stage 2; whereas the second operating stage combination is in the light load
condition, i.e., Stage 1-Stage 6. The following assumptions are made to simplify the analysis.
1. The output load voltage is assumed as constant voltage source due to large output capacitance.
2. No losses occur in any part of the circuit, i.e. all components in the circuit are assumed to be ideal.
2.1 Stage 1(t0 -t1):
In this state, the main switch Q1 is turned ON and the SR complementary switch Q2 is made to turn OFF. The
path of conduction is shown in figure 2.
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(1)
The inductive current equation is given above is same as that of stage 1 of heavy load condition.
2.2 Stage 2(t1- t2):
At the instant of t1, the SR complementary switch Q2 is switched ON and the main switch Q1 is made to turn
OFF. The path of conduction is shown in figure 2 .The inductive current equation and the parasitic capacitive voltage
equation is the same as that of stage 2 in heavy load condition and can be expressed as
(2)
(3)
2.3 Stage 3(t2- t3):
The current through the inductor has dropped to zero at the time instant t2. To avoid energy losses in the SR buck
converter, the SR complementary switch Q2 is made to turn OFF.
In this stage, the output inductor L begin to resonate with the parasitic capacitors Coss of switches Q1 and Q2 , which
makes Coss1 to be discharged and other Coss2 to be charged. The inductive current iL(t) and parasitic capacitive voltage
vCoss1 can be given by:
(4)
(5)
Where
Fig 2: Operating stages of SR Buck Converter (stage1 –stage6)
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2.4 Stage 4(t3- t4):
In Stage 4, the main switch Q1 continued to be turned OFF, while the SR switch Q2 is turned ON. As a result,
the voltage across the inductor is vL = -VO , which makes the inductor L to be energized and the inductive current
increases linearly in opposite direction.
(6)
(7)
2.5 Stage 5(t4- t5):
Stage 5 is the duration for resonance. The main switch Q1 and the SR switch Q2, both are made to turn OFF.
The SR rectifying switch Q2 is not conducted while the inductor current should be continuous. This current enables Coss1
to be discharged and Coss2 to be charged, until the voltage across the parasitic capacitor Coss1 of switch Q1 is discharged
to zero, and the voltage across the parasitic capacitor Coss2 of switch Q2 is charged from zero to a voltage Vin. The
inductive current iL(t) and parasitic capacitor voltage vCoss1(t) of switch Q1 are calculated as:
(8)
(9)
Where
2.6 Stage 6(t5- t6):
In Stage 6, the main switch Q1 and the SR rectifying switch Q2 are continued to be turned OFF. Though, the
parasitic capacitance Coss1 has been already discharged in the previous stage, while Coss2 has been discharged by inductive
current. The body diode D1 will be conducted. The zero voltage condition of Q1 has been achieved in this stage. iL(t) and
vCoss1(t) of switch Q1 are given as:
(10)
(11)
Fig 3: Oscillogram of voltages and inductor current under different load conditions
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According to the previous explanation, the synchronous buck converter is operated in discontinuous mode
(DCM) while operated in light load condition. While the inductive current becomes lesser than zero, the SR rectifying
switch Q2 continued to be conducted. This will result in the decrease in conversion efficiency of the synchronous buck
converter. The SR rectifying switch Q2 is conducted at the second time in one switching cycle makes the main switch Q1
to be conducted with ZVS and increment the efficiency in light load condition. In conclusion, the control method used
here has the following merits. Under heavy loads, SR technique is used to reduce conduction losses whereas under light
loads, ZVS technique is achieved to reduce switching losses.
3. CONTROL STRATEGY
The control structural circuit diagram of the SR buck converter is shown in Figure 4. It can be also seen that,
there is one more zero current detector (ZCD) circuit in the main frame compared with the conventional SR buck
converter. The ZCD circuit is mainly used to sense the inductive current and to generate the proper signals for achieving
ZVS in light load condition. In the control frame, the PWM controller will be followed by the combination of logic
circuit and RC delay circuit. The dead time control between the switches Q1 and Q2 is completed by means of driver
circuit. The control structure circuit of SR buck converter comprises of two parts. PWM Controller and ZVS Control
logic.
Fig 4: Control circuit structural diagram of a SR buck converter
3.1 PWM Controller
Output voltage is fed back, compared and stabilized with compensated PID error amplifier to get control signal.
This control signal is modulated with saw tooth signal to obtain required PWM signal.
3.2 ZVS control logic
The PWM signal input is first delayed using RC delay (∆t) after double negation forms V
GS1
. V
GS2
is obtained
as the OR output of two signals U
out
and Pulse. Pulse is the AND output of P
delay
and PWM signal. U
out
is the
AND output of ZCD and PWM signal.. ZCD will always be high until inductor current becomes zero. Under heavy
load, U
out
is influenced by only PWM signal.
4.SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
4.1. Simulation
Table 1 shows the model parameters of all elements used for simulation.
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Table1: Model parameters and their values
No Parameters Values
1 Input voltage(Vin) 12-18V
2 Output voltage(VO) 5V
3 Switching Frequency(Fs ) 10kHZ
4 Output Inductance(L) 0.3mH
5 Output Capacitance(C) 1000µF
6 Electrostatic Resistance(ESR) 100mΩ
7 Maximum Output current 5A
The proposed synchronous buck DC-DC converter with PID compensator control is simulated and the
simulation model is presented in the MATLAB Environment
.
Fig 5: Simulink model for the control of SR buck DC-DC converter with ZVS logic
Fig 6: Output voltage across 1Ω load
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Fig 7: (A) Gate Voltages and (B) Drain-Source Voltages for Main Switch Q1 and SR Witch Q2 For 1Ω Load
Resistor
Simulation is done showing the voltage control of SR buck converter stabilized with Type III-A proportional-
integral-derivative (PID) compensator and ZVS control logic circuit using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The figures 6 and 7
shows the variations of output voltage, switch voltages and gate voltages with respect to time in case of SR buck
converter with voltage mode control and voltage error amplifier using ZVS control logic for load resistance of 1Ω
respectively.
Fig 8: (A) Gate Voltages and (B) Drain- Source Voltages for Main Switch Q1 and SR Witch Q2 for 100Ω Load
Resistor
The load resistance is increased by 100 times to obtain the simulation results at light load conditions. The figure
8 and figure 9 shows the variations of switch voltages and gate voltages, output voltage with respect to time in case of SR
buck converter with voltage mode control and voltage error amplifier using ZVS control logic for load resistance of
100Ω. Since the load resistance is high and this operating condition is also termed as light load condition. In figure 9, it
can be also seen that gate voltage of main switch and drain-source voltage of main switch is complementary. That means,
the ZVS condition of the main switch is achieved in light load condition. Thus, under light and heavy load conditions, the
output voltage is maintained regulated at 5V for even input voltage variation from 12 to 18V. The ZVS condition of the
main switch helps in reducing switching losses with improved light load efficiency. This new control strategy with Type
III-A PID compensator and ZVS logic has better conversion efficiency than the conventional control technique in light
load condition.
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Fig 9: Output voltage across 100Ω load
4.2 Hardware and Experimental Results
The hardware setup for control of synchronous buck dc-dc converter was tested and the experimental setup and various
waveforms were shown below.
Fig 10: Hardware Setup
The Synchronous Buck Converter with efficient control strategy has been modeled and prototype with
PIC18F4550 controller for the same is developed. Figure 11 shows the control signals of an SR buck converter in light
load condition (100kΩ load) and in heavy load (1kΩ load) condition, respectively. The load resistance was reduced by
100 times for testing the converter under light load condition.
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Fig 11: Control Signals For Q1 and Q2 under (A) Heavy Load (1kΩ) and (B) Light Load (100kΩ) (VGS1/ VGS2: 5
V/Unit., Time: 50µs/Unit.)
Figure 12 shows the ZVS waveform of SR switch under light load. This control technique also proved to be
efficient under input voltage variations (12-18V). However the output remained to be constant at 5V as shown in figure
12.
Fig 12: (a) Gating signal for Q2 and Drain -Source Voltage of Q2 under light load (Vcoss:5
V/unit.,VGS:500mV/unit.,Time:20µs/unit.)(b)Regulated output voltage of Synchronous Buck Converter (Vo:5
V/div.,Time:20µs/unit.)
5. CONCLUSIONS
The control technique applicable to an SR buck converter under any operating load condition is designed,
simulated and fabricated. Under heavy load condition, SR technique (SR configuration itself) is used to reduce
conduction losses while under light load conditions; ZVS technique is achieved to reduce the switching losses. This is the
control strategy adopted for SR buck converter to operate efficiently under various load and input voltage conditions. The
ZVS is achieved successfully without any auxiliary switch or passive components and it reduces overall cost of the
converter. This control technique was proved to be efficient from prototype testing.
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AUTHORS DETAILS
NIVYA K CHANDRAN was born in Kerala in 1990. She received the B. Tech degree in
Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Vidya Academy of Science and Technology
affiliated to University of Calicut, Kerala in 2012. She is currently pursuing her M.Tech
Degree in Power Electronics from Vidya Academy of Science and Technology.
MARY P VARGHESE is an Associate Professor in the Department of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering, Vidya Academy of Science and Technology, Thrissur, India. She
published a paper on Design and Allocation – Electricity Markets, in MFIIS-12 in Kolkata on
November 2012. Stand-Alone Solar Cell with SEPIC Converter and Palm print Feature
Extraction and Matching using Lifting Wavelets are some of her other publications.